SU1807047A1 - Method for organic-mineral fertilizer production - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to methods for producing granular organic-mineral fertilizers widely used in agriculture.

The aim of the invention is to simplify the process while increasing the yield of the finished product.

The goal is achieved in the proposed method for producing granular organo-mineral 7 fertilizers by mixing poultry manure, peat and a phosphorus-containing component, followed by mechanical processing of the resulting mixture and drying by taking phosphorite flour as a phosphorus-containing component, the components are mixed at a ratio of 1: 0 , 6: 0.4 to 1: 2.0: 2.0 (in terms of dry matter), and the resulting mixture is granulated at a moisture content of 30-60% and a temperature of 18-55 ° C.

A distinctive feature of the method is that phosphorite flour is taken as a phosphorus-containing component, the components are mixed at a ratio of 1: 0.6: 0.7 to 1: 2.0: 2.0 (in terms of dry matter), and the resulting mixture is granulated at humidity 30-60% and a temperature of 1855 ° C.

The essence of the proposed method is as follows.

It is known that bird droppings contain ammonia nitrogen, which is lost during drying even in a mixture with peat * Therefore, in the known method for binding nitrogen, phosphogypsum is added to the mixture, which, in addition to CaSCM, contains free phosphoric acid and other impurities. But the process of aging of the product, as follows from the description, lasts 2-4 months. This is due to the fact that phosphogypsum in its composition contains an insignificant amount of phosphates. In addition, phosphogypsum has a heterogeneous dispersed composition (a mixture of lumps and dust), which leads to its impossible uniform distribution over the entire mass of bird droppings.

Phosphorite, flour has a homogeneous dispersed composition with a high content of phosphates'. This allows you to evenly distribute it throughout the mass. Therefore.

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1807047A1 at a temperature of 18-55 ° C, the process of binding of ammonia nitrogen occurs more intensively, which reduces the ripening time. When the temperature of the granulated mixture is less than 18 ° C, the humidity of the mixture exceeds 60%, which leads to the formation of large granules and, as a result, a decrease in the yield of the commercial fraction, and at a temperature of the granulated mixture above 55 ° C, nitrogen losses increase.

In this case, granules of low strength (2-3 kg / cm) are obtained, which are destroyed during transportation, classification, etc.

Therefore, in order to increase the strength of the granules, it is necessary to add peat, but in a strictly defined ratio.

It is established that the required strength of the granules and the quality of the finished product is achieved when the ratio in the mixture of bird droppings: peat: fosmuk from 1: 0.6: 0.4 to 1: 2.0: 2.0.

With a ratio of less than 1: 0.6: 0.4, there is no noticeable increase in the strength of the granules, and with a ratio of more than 1: 2.0: 2.0, the optimum moisture content of the granulated charge exceeds 60%, which leads to the formation of individual large lumps in the process granulation. This is due to the high moisture capacity of peat.

When the humidity of the granulated mixture is less than 30%, a low yield of the product fraction is observed, which leads to a decrease in productivity and an increase in nitrogen loss during drying.

An increase in the content of phosphate flour in the mixture of more than 1: 2.0: 2.0 leads to a decrease in the strength of the granules, which is unacceptable, and a decrease in its content in the mixture to a ratio of less than 1: 0.6: 0.4 leads to nitrogen loss when drying the product.

The reliability of the selected ratios of the components in the mixture is confirmed by the results of laboratory studies, shown in table. 1-3.

In the process of conducting experimental work, it was found that when replacing phosphate flour from phosphogypsum with a ratio of bird droppings: peat: phosphogypsum 2: 1: 0.1, the granulation process occurs with low efficiency. The product mainly contains a fraction of 10-20 mm (at the same granulation time τ _Γ ρ = 3 min). Apparently, this is due to the texotropic property of phosphogypsum to release moisture during mechanical processing.

The method is implemented as follows.

The bird droppings are dosed in a certain amount to the mixer, where peat and fosmuk are fed in such quantities that the ratio in the mixture is bird droppings: peat: fosmuk from 1: 0.6: 0.4 to 1: 2.0: 2.0. The resulting mixture is granulated at a moisture content of 30-60% and a temperature of 16 ~ 55 ° C, and then dried.

PRI me R 1.1 ton of droppings with a humidity of 80% is mixed with 255 kg of peat with a humidity of 53% and 81 kg of phosmuk with a humidity of 1%. The resulting mixture is granulated at a moisture content of 60% and a temperature of 18 ° C, and then sent for drying. The output of the commercial fraction is 70%. The finished product contains 0.62% of total nitrogen.

PRI me R 2.1 ton of droppings with a humidity of 80% is mixed with 425 kg of peat with a moisture content of 53% and 20.2 kg of phosgum with a humidity of 1%. The resulting mixture was granulated at a moisture content of 52% and a temperature of 42 ° C, and then sent for drying.

The yield of the product fraction is 80%.

The finished product contains 0.72% of total nitrogen.

PRI me R 3.1 tons of droppings with a humidity of 80% are mixed with 851 kg of peat with a moisture content of 53% and 851 kg of phosmuki with a humidity of 1%. The resulting mixture was granulated at a humidity of 30% and a temperature of 55 ° C, and then sent to drying.

The output of the commercial fraction is 72%.

The finished product contains 0.74% of total nitrogen. .

Claims (1)

Claim A method of producing organic-mineral fertilizer, including mixing bird droppings, peat and phosphorite flour and subsequent granulation of the mixture, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of fertilizer, to mix bird droppings, peat and phosphorite flour are taken in a mass ratio of 1: 0, 6-2.0: 0.4-2.0 based on dry matter, and the granulation of the mixture is carried out at a moisture content of 30-60% and a temperature of 18-55 ° C. Table 1 The dependence of the strength of the granules and the yield of the product fraction on the ratio of bird droppings: peat: fosmuk in the mixture at a granulation temperature of 22 ° C- = const and humidity W = 50% = const The ratio in the mixture of bird met: peat: fosmuka The output of the product fraction,% The strength of the peanul, kg / cm ² Productivity, kg / h 1: 0.3: 0.4 25 3 1,2 1: 0.5: 0.4 32 4 1.3 1: 0.6: 0.4 70 10 2,5 1: 0.6: 1.0 75 12 2,8 1: 1.0: 1.0 80 14 3.2 1: 1: 2 74 12 2.7 ^α 1: 2: 2 72 eleven 2,3 1: 2: 3 40 6 1,6 table 2 The dependence of the strength of the granules and the yield of the commercial fraction on the humidity of the granulated mixture with the ratio of bird droppings: peat: phosphate equal to 1: 1: 1 = const and a temperature of 22 ° C = const The moisture content of the granulated charge,% ............. ........ The strength of the granules, kg / cm The output of the product fraction,% 22 2 25 28 5 35 thirty 10 65 fifty 14 80 54 thirteen 83 60 10 69 62 3 33 64 ‘3 21 / Table 3 The dependence of the content of ammonia nitrogen in the finished product on the temperature of the granulated mixture with its moisture content W = 50% = const and the ratio of bird droppings: peat: phosmus Ka = 1: 1: 1 = const The temperature of the granulated mixture, ° C The nitrogen content in the finished product,% 16 0.48 18 0.62 22 0.64 43 . 0.72 55 0.74 60 0.39