SU1790A1 - Flight area pattern - Google Patents

Description

The present invention aims to accelerate the application of the flight zone on the flight card.

The conditions of summer work with the wind force the pilot before flight to accurately determine the marginal distance from his aerodrome in order to ensure the possibility of return flight, which is always the case when the pilot must certainly return to the aerodrome from which he flew. The ultimate distance from the point of departure or the working distance depends on the technical speed of the aircraft, the speed of the wind during the flight, and the amount of fuel that the aircraft has to fly back and forth.

In air navigation, it is proven that the summer zone for each such task is an ellipse that is easy to build along semi-axes, knowing the technical speed of the aircraft, the wind speed and the flight time, as determined by the fuel reserve. FIG. 1 shows a corresponding diagram, and FIG. 2 - patterns.

FIG. Figure 1 shows the layout of the working range ellipses at different winds for an aircraft with a technical speed of 180 km. per hour, if there is such a fuel reserve on it.

which would allow the pilot to have 4 hours of time available to make a flight back and forth, assuming that the rest of the fuel will be spent on maintaining the aircraft in the air at the place where the photographing or any other task will be performed, including the loss of time due to inaccuracy in controlling the aircraft.

In this scheme, the solid line outlines the circle of the largest possible (theoretically) return flight distance in 4 hours. The radius of this circle will be the radius of action of the aircraft, if 4 hours will be its longest possible flight duration in normal flight mode. The dots indicate the ellipse of the working range (i.e., the limit of the maximum distance of the aircraft) with the Hume wind. per second with a 4-hour duration of the return flight. The entire area inside this ellipse represents the flight zone for a captured aircraft with a wind of 10 m / s, and the pilot can fly to any point of the flight zone with the certainty that during return flight he will be able to land on his airfield. If the pilot gets

to some place beyond the working range, that is, outside the flight zone, he will inevitably descend outside his own airfield because of a lack of fuel. The dashed dotted dash indicates the boundary of the flight zone with a 15 L1 wind. per second. The dotted line of the dash is the flight zone with the wind - 20 MJc. Further flight zones with other winds are not given, since in practice with winds exceeding 20 meters per second, flights are very rare, and smaller fluctuations in the wind amount go beyond the limits of the usual practical accuracy of calculations.

From the review of this scheme it can be seen that the noticeable influence of the wind on the flight of an aircraft with a technical speed of 200 km. per hour it becomes only at wind of about IQ m. ъ second and more. Light winds without special error may not be taken into account, since the correction in range due to wind does not go beyond the accuracy of determining the time to perform the task. In the same way, a series of flight zones could be constructed for any return flight duration. The construction of such series with intervals of time after one hour to the maximum duration allowed by the capacity of the tanks for gasoline and oil on this aircraft practically deserves attention.

If such series of flight zones are applied to a celluloid or any other (cardboard, aluminum) solid plate and along the boundaries of ellipses to make corresponding cuts, then a pattern will be obtained that allows to mechanically apply to the flight map, with sufficient accuracy for practice, the desired distance zone for any wind.

The most convenient for preliminary flight considerations are maps of 10–25 twelve inches, especially the last, and therefore the pattern can be harvested for a map of 25 miles

in inches, thus obtaining a size-tolerable pattern, since it is practically enough to have it only for one-quarter of a circle, due to the symmetry of the flight zone relative to the axes of the ellipse.

FIG. 2 shows a general view of such a pattern on a reduced scale for an aircraft with a technical speed of 180 km. per hour with the volume of tanks for 4 hours of continuous operation in normal mode. The overall dimensions of such a piece will be less than a square of 40 cm in length and width, so that it can be placed in the lid of a crate with spare parts for each plane.

In order to apply a flight zone pattern, proceed as follows: impose it on the map in such a way that the angle of the piece with the center of the curves coincides with the point of departure, and the arrow drawn on the piece coincides with the wind direction marked on the map. Looking at the required fuel series series on a piece, it is necessary to choose a slot corresponding to the wind force that should be expected at the flight altitude, and draw a dotted line on these slots on the map for those quarters around which the flight zone is needed. All points lying inside the learned flight zone can be considered achievable during return flight.

SUBJECT OF THE PATENT.

A flight zone pattern, characterized by the use of a celluloid or other hard square plate (Fig. 2) with concentric curves on it in the form of circular arcs and ellipses, having a center one of the square's vertices and corresponding flight ranges, in which the cuts are made for applying through them, the lines of the flight zones on the flight map, with what purpose the pattern is superimposed on the map so that the center of the curves coincides with the point of departure, and the arrow drawn on the pattern coincides with the wind direction marked on the map.

Tipo-lithograph “Red Nechatik, Leningrad, International, 75.