SU1772211A1 - Alloy for permanent magnet - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the field of metallurgy, in particular to hard magnetic alloys based on Fe-Co-NI-Af-Cu-Ti, and

34.5- 35.5

13.5-14.5

3.0-4.0 to 1.0 6.5-7.5 4.0-5.0 the rest is used for the production of permanent magnets with a columnar and monocrystalline structure.

Known magnetic hard alloy containing, wt%:

Cobalt Nickel Copper Niobium Aluminum Titanium Iron

The disadvantage of this alloy is not a high level of coercive force and magnetic energy Нсв = 110-120 kA / m, / ВН / max = 72.0-88.0 kJ / m ³ .

The closest to the described invention in terms of the technical essence and the achieved effect is an alloy based on

Fe-Co-Ni-AI-Cu-TI of the following composition, wt%:

cobalt 34.5-36.5 nickel 14.0-14.5 aluminum 6.8-7.2 copper 3.3-3.7 titanium 4.8-5.2 niobium 0.9-1.1 sulfur 0.4-0.5 carbon 0.02-0.03 manganese 0.2-0.4 silicon 0.1-0.2 iron rest Flaw known alloy - under-

1772211 A1 A fairly high level of coercive force and magnetic energy (respectively 110-132 kA / m and 72-88 kJ / m ³ ).

The purpose of the invention is to increase the coercive force and magnetic energy of the alloy.

The proposed alloy has the following ratio of components, wt%:

cobalt 34.5-35.5

nickel 14.0-14.5 aluminum 6.8-7.2 copper 3.3-3.7 titanium 4.8-5.2 niobium 0.9-1.1 sulfur 0.2-0.5 carbon 0.02-0.03 manganese 0.2-0.4 silicon 0.1-0.2 At least one component

a group containing zirconium, hafnium, tantalum 0.4-0.9. iron rest,

The reasons for the positive effect of these additives on the magnetic properties of the alloy are as follows. that all of them increase the tendency of the alloy to form a columnar and monocrystalline structure in castings and thereby make this structure more perfect, and also contribute to a more complete course of 20 high-coercive decay.

Smelting of the proposed alloy is carried out as follows.

First, iron, cobalt, nickel and copper are melted, then 25 carbon is added to the melt in the form of an iron-carbon ligature and held for 1.0-1.5 minutes. Then the elements are added in the following sequence: silicon and manganese; niobium, hafnium and tantalum; aluminum; tgtzn 30 and zirconium; sulfur. Sulfur is added in the form of ferrosulfur. After the introduction of sulfur, the temperature of the melt is brought to 1680 ° C and the melt is held at this temperature for 2-3 minutes, after which the metal is poured into molds.

For obtaining magnets with a crusty crust and melted structure, alloys of known and proposed compositions were melted from an open induction 40 furnace IST -016 with acidic lining in air. The order of loading elements is described above. After the introduction of a, the silicon and manganese melt was held for 0.5 min, after the introduction of niobium, hafnium 45 and / or tantalum - for 1.0, -1.5 min. After complete melting of all elements of the charge, the temperature of the melt was brought to 1680 ° C, held at this temperature for 2.5-3.0 min, the melt was quenched into a graphite-chamotte ladle and poured into a ceramic mold preheated to 1300 ° C without bottom, installed on a copper water-cooled cooler, the height of the castings was 55 115 mm. In parallel, standard samples with dimensions 15x15x30 mm were cast to measure the magnetic properties. All castings and standard samples were subjected to identical thermomagnetic treatment: cooling with

1250 to 800 ° C at a rate of at least 150 ° C / min and holding in an isothermal bath at 800-795 ° C for 10 minutes in a magnetic field of at least 240 kA / m, followed by a vacation: 640 ° C - 5 h, 560 ° C - 20 h.

The measurement of the magnetic properties was carried out using the U-5056 information-measuring system in a closed magnetic circuit.

PRI me R 2. To obtain magnets with a monocrystalline structure, the same alloys of known and proposed compositions were melted in an UPLF-3 vacuum induction furnace in an alumina crucible. The order of melting was as follows: iron, cobalt, nickel, carbon in the form of an iron-carbon ligature were loaded into the furnace crucible, and the furnace smelting chamber was evacuated to a residual pressure of 5 - 0 ° mm Hg, then heating was switched on and the charged charge was melted. Then the melt was evacuated for 15 min and argon was introduced into the chamber. Then the elements were introduced in the following sequence: silicon and manganese: niobium, hafnium and tantalum, individually or in combination with each other. other, exposure 1.5-2.0 min: aluminum; titanium and zirconium: sulfur in the form of ferrosulfur. After the introduction of sulfur, the temperature of the melt was raised to 1680 ° С and kept at this temperature for 2.5 min, after which the melt was poured into a ceramic mold, where cn solidified in the form of equiaxed cylindrical castings. Subsequently, these castings were used as a charge for growing single crystals. The cultivation was carried out in an industrial plant "Crystallizer 203" in an argon atmosphere. The obtained single crystals were cut into blanks with a diameter of 20 mm and a height of 30 mm and subjected to their standard thermomagnetic treatment according to the modes given in example 1.

Measurement of the magnetic properties was carried out: ί ρ and l of the washing and information-measuring system U-5056 in a closed magnetic circuit.

The chemical compositions of the known and pre-gas alloys, as well as the level of their magnetic properties, are given in the table.

Claims (13)

Claim Permanent magnet alloy containing cobalt, nickel, aluminum, copper, titanium. niobium, sulfur, carbon, manganese, silicon, and iron, which are carbonated by the fact that, in order to increase the coercive force and magnetic energy, it additionally contains at least one component from the group, containing zirconium, hafnium, δ tantalum, next the ratio of ele- carbon 0.02-0.03 ment, wt%: manganese 0.2-0.4 cobalt 34.5-35.5 silicon 0.1-0.2 nickel 14.0-14.5 at least one aluminum 6.8-7.2 5 component from the group, copper 3.3-3.7 containing zirconium, titanium 4.8-5.2 hafnium, tantalum 0.4-0.9 niobium OTE-1.1 iron rest. sulfur 0.2-0.5 Results of comparative tests of the magnetic properties of the known and proposed alloys Alloy Contents of chemical elements, wt% Magnetic properties Λΐ Si Ti tib s C tin _si Ta Re ^Br 1 t to Hs' L / m (ext) _m 'kyk / n' Known 35.0 16.5 7.0 3.5 5.0 ι, Ο 0.65 0.02 0.3 0.15 - - - Ost. 1.1 / - 132 / - 76.0 / - The proposed 1 zb, 2 13.7 6.6 3.1 6.5 o, s 0.1 0.15 0.15 0.1 0.3 Also 0.8 / 0.95 115/130 73.5 / 82.0 2 36.5 14.1 6.8 3.2 6.7 C, 'j 0.2 0.02 0.05 0.15 0,4 1.08 / 1.1 136/136 76.8 / 91.2 3 34.9 'Μ 7.1 3.5 5.1 ten 0.35 0.03 OJO 0.2 0.5 1.1 / 1.15 .137 / 160 85.7 / 99.7 4 35.3 14.6 7.3 3.7 5.0 eleven 0.5 0.02 0.60 0.15 0.9 1.1 / 1.15 139/165 B1.0 / 99.8 5 , 35.9 16.7 7.6 3.8 5.2 1.2 0.6 0.05 0.50 0.3 1.0 1.02 / 1.09 136/160 79.6 / 91.6 6 36, E 13, 7 6.6 3.1 6.5 0.8 0.1 0.15 0.15 0.1 0.1 0.2 _Н__ 0.85 / 0.91 120/132 75/83 7 36.5 1 * 4.1 6.8 3.2 6,7 0.9 0.2 0.35 0.02 0.05 0.15 0.2 0.2 ".N" 1.06 / 1, t 135/136 78 / 90.0 eight 36.5 16.5 7.1 3.5 5.1 1.0 o.oz 0.30 0.2 0.2 0,4 0.3 1.1 / 1.13 162/16? 92/97 nine 35.3 1 h, 6 7.3 3.7 5.0 1.1 0.5 0.02 0.60 0.15 θ, 5 ..SCH 1.1 / 1.15 165/149 82.0 / 98.5 ten 39.9 16.7 7.6 3.9 5.2 1.2 θ, 6 0.05 C, 50 0.3 0,4 0.6 "AND.. 1.09 / 1.12 165/149 80 / 97.0 eleven 36.2 > 3,? 6.6 3.1 6.5 oh e 0.1 0.015 0.15 θ, ι 0.1 0.1 ο, ΐ .0.85 / 1.02 120/128 74 / 82.0 12 36.5 l * f, 1 6.8 3.2 6,7 0.9 0.2 0.02 0.05 0.15 o, 1 0.1 0.2 1.05 / 1.1 135/137 78 / 92.0 13 36.9 16.5 7.1 3.5 5.1 1.0 9.35 Q. GJ 0.30 0.2 0.1 0.2 oh, 3 1.1 / 1.12 135/160 96 / 95.5 1 If 35.3 16.6 7.3 3.7 5.0 1.1 0.5 0.02 0.60 0.15 0.3 0.2 0,4 1.1 / 1.15 140/146 97 / 99.8 15 35.9 16.7 7.6 3.8 5.2 1,2 0.6 0.05 0.50 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.5 1.1 / 1.15 138/143 84/92 P p Compiled by S. Derkacheva Editor Techred M. Morgental Proofreader O. Kravtsova Order 3817 Circulation Subscription VNIIPI of the State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries under the USSR State Committee for Science and Technology 113035. Moscow, Zh-35, Raushskaya nab., 4/5 Production and Publishing Plant Patent, Uzhgorod, Gagarina str., 101