SU1767076A1 - Control system of hydraulic drive of double gates and filling locks of low-pressure sluice - Google Patents

Abstract

Use: hydraulic engineering. The essence of the invention: the control system includes the controller 3 installed at the control point with the display 33 connected to it, a matching device, two pulse-width modulators (PWM), a measuring device. Signals from the selsyns about the position of each of the gate leaves are sent to the input of the latter. Filling (emptying) valves, driven by a pair of hydraulic cylinders, are installed on the shutters 7.8. Controlling the supply of working fluid to the piston and rod cavities of the hydraulic cylinders for the drive of the gate doors and for the pairs of hydraulic cylinders of the gate actuators uses electro-controlled hydraulic control valves (EHR) (right and left in the drawing, respectively, for the right and left door leaves). The working fluid is supplied to the pressure inputs of the EGR 14, 15 from the pressure line from the output of unregulated pumps (right and left) through electro-hydraulic amplifiers (EHU), whose electromechanical transducers are connected to PWM 35 (right and left) through amplifiers and latitude pulse converters. In addition, to control the hydraulics of the right and left wing gate control windings ZGR are connected to the controller via a matching device, the outputs of which are also connected to starters of unregulated pumps electric motors. To protect against breakages under load on the leafs of the gate, exceeding the allowable values, serve as safety blocks made in the form of safety valves with check valves connecting the piston and rod cavities of the hydraulic cylinders of the gate gate drives of the low-pressure gateway. 1 hp ff, 2 ill. XI Och vj About vj ON

Description

The invention relates to the field of hydroautomation of a piston drive of both door leaves and gate closures (emptying) of the gateway and can be used in the mechanical equipment of hydraulic structures, in particular for the hydraulic drive of a low-pressure gateway.

The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability and efficiency of control of hydraulic actuators and increase the capacity of the gateway by optimizing the dynamic mode of operation of hydraulic actuators.

Fig. 1 shows an electro-hydraulic diagram of a control device for the hydraulic actuators of the gate leaves and gate valves filling (emptying); Fig. 2 shows the structure of the mechanism for synchronizing the movement of the rods of the hydraulic cylinders of the drive of the filling gates (emptying) of the gateway.

The hydraulic gate doors and gate closures of the gateway include six hydraulic cylinders 1-6, two of which 1 and 6 are hingedly connected by their rods to the flaps 7 and 8 of the double-leaf gate, and the hydraulic cylinders 2, 3 and 4.5 are connected to the filling (emptying) gates 9 and 10, overlapping windows in the doors 7 and 8 of the double gates.

The piston and rod cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 1 and 2.3 of the left (in FIG. 1) door leaves are connected respectively to the executive cavities 11 and 12 of the electro-hydraulic amplifier 13 (left in FIG. 1) through valves 14 and 15 with electromagnetic control (left in FIG. .one). The piston and rod cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 4 and 5.6 of the right wing of the gate are connected respectively to the executive cavities 11 and 12 of the right (in FIG. 1) electro-hydraulic amplifier (EHU) 13 via right (in FIG. 1) distributors 14 and 15 electromagnetic control. The cavities of supply 16 of each electrohydraulic amplifier 13 are connected, each through filters 17, check valves 18 to on-line hydrolysis of two unregulated pumps 19, in parallel with which also pressure valves 20 and control cavities 21 of electrohydraulic amplifiers 13 are connected through filters 22. The spool of each electrohydraulic amplifier 13 is provided with centering valves springs 23, which provide installation of the spool in the middle (zero) position when the pump 19 is stopped.

Electromagnetic control valves 14 and 15 are made according to the standard scheme. With the electromagnets secured, under the action of springs, their spools are in the upper position and communicate the executive cavities 11 and 12 of the electrohydraulic amplifiers 13 with the rod and piston cavities of the hydraulic cylinders of 2.3 and 4.5, respectively. The working cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 1 and 6 are locked while switching on (supplying current to the windings) electromagnets of the distributors 14 and 15, both cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 2,3 and 4.5 are locked, and the piston and rod cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 1 and 6 communicate with the executive cavities 11 and 12 electro-hydraulic amplifiers 13.

The safety block of each of the hydraulic cylinders 1 and 6 consists of four check valves 24, 25, 26 and 27 connected in pairs in parallel between the piston and rod cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 1 and 6, and a safety valve 28 connected between check valves 24, 25 in such a way which locks the hydroline of the first pair of check valves 24 and 25 installed in the direction of flow of the working fluid entering the cavities of the hydraulic cylinder 1 and 6, and the drain hydroline of the valve 28 is connected to the hydroline between the second pair of antiphase-mounted Napa 26 and 27.

The position sensor of each flap 7 and 8 of the gate consists of two selsyns 29 and 30, the shafts of which are mechanically connected to the shafts of the cylindrical gearbox 31, the input shaft of which is mechanically connected to the axis of rotation of the flaps 7 and 8.

The three-phase output windings of the selsyn 29 and 30 are connected to the general industrial network via a step-down transformer, and the single-phase input windings of the selsyn 29 and 30 are connected to the input of the measuring device 32 of the control tower, on which the display 33 is also installed, and the controller 34.

The operator display panel 33 and the outputs of the measuring device 32 are electrically connected to the output of the microprocessor controller 34, the outputs of which are connected to pulse-width modulators (PWM) 35 and matching device 36. The outputs of PWM 35 are connected to the inputs of electronic amplifiers 37 through pulse-width converters ( ShIPr) 38. The outputs of the electronic amplifiers 37 are connected to electromechanical converters of electrohydraulic amplifiers 13,

The outputs of the matching device 36 are connected to the starters of the pump motors 19 and to the electromagnets of the control windings 14, 15.

The device used equipment and elements mass-produced domestic industry. Thus, a gear unregulated pump of the BG-11-24 type was used as the pump 19, the electro-hydraulic amplifier 13 is produced in the kit with the electronic amplifier 37 by the Kharkov Experimental Plant RKB Automat.

The sensor path is made in the form of two standard selsyns 29 and 30 (for example, DB-501A). One selsyn 29 is connected to the reducer 31 in such a way that it makes one revolution per full stroke of the sash 7.8 and the selsyn 30 specifies the coordinate by 1/16

parts of the course of the sash (for a full stroke of the sash makes 16 turns).

Measuring device 32 removes the voltage signal from one of the three-phase windings of the selsyn and single-phase windings, measures the phase shift between them, which is proportional to the rotation angle of the selsyn rotor, and, consequently, to the coordinate of the gate leaf. The measurement results are converted by the device 32 into a digital signal, which is fed to the input of the microprocessor device 34 through its interface communication channel.

The microprocessor controller 34 is a commercially available type K1-20 controller / MS 2702 electronics. The operator display panel 33 is a commercially available display, for example, BTA 2000-15.

The control system with the hydraulic drive of the doors of the gate and the gate valves of the gateway works as follows.

In order to secure the sluice process of ships, the sash 7.8 of the gate of the gateway performs closing the gate and opening the gate. In this case, in the process of sluicing the filling (emptying) shutters 9, 10, the following operations are performed:

a) on the double gate, located on the side of the upstream:

opening the valves 9 and 10 to fill the gateway chamber;

closing the valves 9 and 10 to cut off the headwater from the lock chamber;

b) on the double gates, located on the side of the lower reach:

opening the valves 9 and 10 to empty the lock chamber;

closing the valves 9 and 10 to cut off the downstream from the lock chamber.

During the operation, the gate is closed on the operator’s display panel 33, the dispatcher turns on the key for this operation, and digital signals are generated in the microprocessor controller 34 in accordance with the command given, which are output from the controller 34 to pulse-width modulators (PWM) 35 and matching device 36. In modulators 35, digital signals are converted into pulse-width pulses and fed to the inputs of the ShIPr 38, where they are converted into analog signals, which are received from the inputs of electronic amplifiers 37. From the outputs of amplifiers 37 Intermittent control signals are fed to electromechanical transducers of electrohydraulic amplifiers 13. At the same time, from the output of the matching device 35, voltage signals are fed to the starters of pump motors 19

and electromagnets electrohydro-distributors (EGR) 14, 15.

As soon as the pump 19 will start to feed the working fluid in the pressure line,

in which the pressure is determined, which is determined by the setting of the hydraulic valves of pressure 20, part of it enters through the filters 22 of the control cavity 21 of the electrohydraulic amplifiers (EHU) 13. Spools of EHU

0 is displaced from the zero position by an amount proportional to the control signal received from the electronic amplifiers 37. The working fluid from the pressure hydroline through check valves 18

5 and the filters 17 enter the supply cavities of the 16 amplifiers 13 and through the edges of their spools into the executive cavities 12, from where they will enter the piston cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 1 and 6 through the included distributors 14,

0 drive the doors of the doors 7 and 8 to close the double gates with the initial set speed.

The working fluid from the rod cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 1 and 6 will be forced through the distributors 15 and the executive cavities 11 of the amplifiers 13 to drain through the edges of the middle pistons of the amplifiers 13. As the valves 7 and 8 move, the microprocessor controller 34 receives information from the track sensor ( selsins 29 and 30) and measuring device 32, compares it with a given program as a function of time, and outputs corrected control signals to electro-hydraulic

5, the boosters 13 cause displacement of their spools, as a result of which the flow rates of the working fluid entering the piston cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 1 and 6 are regulated, and the programmed law of the movement of the flaps 7 and 8 of the double gate is realized, as well as their synchronization.

When the doors 7 and 8 reach the closed position, according to the signal from the sensors

5 paths (selsins 29 and 30), the controller 34 is turned off, i.e., the output of signals to the pulse-width modulators 35 and to the matching device 36 is stopped. As a result, electromechanical transducers of electro-hydraulic amplifiers 13, electric motors of pumps 19 and electromagnets of distributors 14, 15 are de-energized. At the same time, the spools of the amplifiers 13 are installed in the middle position under

5 by the action of springs 23, and the distributors 14 and 15 lock the working cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 1 and 6. The valves 7 and 8 are stopped and held in the closed position by means of the oil cushions in the piston cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 1 and 6.

The gate opening operation is performed similarly to the gate closing operation, with the exception that the control signals supplied to the electrohydraulic amplifiers 13 are inverted, with the result that the EGU spools are shifted in the opposite direction, allowing the doors 7 and 8 to move to the gate opening.

Techniques for performing the operations of filling and emptying the gateway chamber are the same. The only difference is in which gate the closures 9 and 10 are opened. If the operation is performed on a double gate, located on the side of the upper reach (on the side of the water flow to the lock), the lock chamber is filled; if the closures 9 and 10 open at the double gates located on the downstream side, the lock chamber is emptied.

In each of these operations, several non-linear gate schedules are provided that are optimal for specific water levels in the upstream and downstream, as well as for certain groups of vessels. When specific gate schedules are implemented, the time for filling or emptying the sluice chamber is minimized. At the same time, the hydrodynamic loads acting on the vessels from the water flow, the filling or emptying chamber of the sluice do not exceed the permissible values. Ultimately, the optimal schedules of the gates 9 and 10 allow to increase the throughput of the sluice.

During the operation, filling (emptying) the gateway camera on the operator display panel 33, the dispatcher selects the required movement schedule for the shutters 9, 10 corresponding to specific conditions and turns on the key of this operation. At the same time, digital signals are formed in Microprocessor controller 34 in accordance with the command given, which from the output of controller 34 are sent to pulse-width pulses (PWM) 35 and matching device 36. In modulators 35, digital signals are converted into pulse-width signals and are sent to the inputs of the device 38, where they are converted to analog, which are fed to the inputs of the electronic amplifiers 37 ,. From the outputs of the amplifiers 37, continuous control signals are fed to electromechanical transducers of electrohydraulic amplifiers 13. At the same time, from the output of the matching device 36, voltage signals are fed to the starters of pump motors 19,

After the pumps 19 start supplying the working fluid to the pressure line, it sets the pressure determined by the setting of the hydraulic valves of the pressure 20. A part of the working fluid enters through the filters 22 in the control cavity 21 of the electro-hydraulic amplifiers

13, the spools of which in this case move from the zero position by an amount proportional to the control signal received from the electronic amplifiers 37. The working fluid from the pressure line, passes through the check valves 18 and the filters 17, enters the power cavities 16 of the amplifiers 13 and further, through the edges of their spools are in the executive cavities 11 of the EGU, from where, through the shut-off valves 15, they will enter the piston cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 2,3,4,5, driving the gates 9 and 10 with the initial set speed. The working fluid from the piston cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 2, 3,4,5 will be

displaced through the valves 14 and the executive cavities 12 of the amplifiers 13 to drain through the edges of the middle pistons of the spools of the amplifiers 13, As the gates 9 and 10 move, the microprocessor

the controller 34 continuously outputs a control signal to the electro-hydraulic amplifiers 13 according to a predetermined program, causing their spools to be shifted, as a result of which the operating costs are controlled

fluids entering the rod end of the hydraulic cylinders 2,3, 4,5, and ensures the implementation of the programmed law of movement of the valves 9 and 10.

When the gates 9 and 10 reach the open position, the signal from the limit switches installed on the guide ways of the flaps 7 and 8 removes power from the controller 34, as a result, the modulators 35 and the matching

device 36.

The spool of the amplifiers 13 are installed under the influence of springs in the middle position, locking the working cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 2,3,4,5. Pumps 19 stop. The closures 9 and 10 are kept in the open position by the oil pads in the rod cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 2, 3.4, 5.

The closing operation of the closures 9 and 10 is performed similarly to the previous operation, except that the control signals to the electro-hydraulic amplifiers 13 are inverted, with the result that their spools are shifted in the opposite direction, allowing the closures 9 and 10 to move to close.

Rectangular valves 9 and 10 (see Fig. 2) each have two suspension points, and during their vertical movement it is necessary to synchronize the movement of the hydraulic cylinders 2,3,4 and 5 to prevent the closures 9 and 10 from jamming in the guide grooves. The synchronization of the movement of the stem of the hydraulic cylinders of the gate (for example, gate 9) is carried out as follows.

On the axles of the wheels 39, 40, 41, 42, the bolt 9 are installed ratchets 43,44, 45,46, and the pawls 47, 48, 49, 50 are fixed to the metal structures of the bolt 9. If the bolt 2 moves upward during the movement of the bolt 9 with greater speed as compared with the hydraulic cylinder rod 3, the gate 9 will skew, and the two wheels 39 and 41 of the gate 9 will contact the working surfaces of the grooves. The wheel 39 will not rotate as it is braked by the ratchet 43, and wheel 41 will roll along the guide, since the ratchet is mounted in such a way that about 41 when the wheel rotates in a clockwise direction it does not inhibits it. When this force on the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2 increases compared with the force on the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 3. Since the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinders 2 and 3 are interconnected (see Fig.1), the working fluid will flow more into the hydraulic cylinder with less effort stock; i.e., into the hydraulic cylinder 3. The speed of movement of the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 3 is increased, and the bias of the bolt 9 is equalized.

If, when the valve 9 moves upward, the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 3 (see Fig. 2) moves with greater speed as compared with the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2, then two wheels 40 and 42 of the valve 9 will come into contact with the working surfaces of the grooves, and wheel 40 will roll along the working surface of the groove, and the wheel 42 will slide along the surface of the groove, as it is braked by the ratchet 46. As a result, the force on the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 3 increases and the working fluid will flow more into the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 2. The speed of the rod Each of the hydraulic cylinders 2 increases and the speed of movement of the rods of the hydraulic cylinders 2 and 3 will equalize.

The lowering of the shutter 9 synchronizes the movement of the rods of the hydraulic cylinders 2 and 3 (Fig. 2) in a similar way. So, for example, when moving the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2 at a higher speed, as compared with the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 3, two wheels 40 and 42 will be in contact with the surfaces of the guide grooves. Wheel 42 will roll

on the working surface of the groove, and the wheel 40 to slide. The working fluid from the pumping station will flow in greater quantity into the piston cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 3, the rod speed of which will increase and

0 will align the skew of the shutter 9. With the horizontal movement of the shutter 9 between the side wheels 39, 40, 41, 42 and the working surfaces of the guide grooves, there is a gap of about 10 mm.

5 When the doors 7 and 8 of the gate (Fig. 1) are subjected to external loads (ship's bulk, backward wave, etc.) exceeding the allowable ones, the safety unit is activated. Under the action of the load on the sash 7 (8)

0 from the side of the rod (from left to right with respect to the flap 7, FIG. 1), the pressure will increase in the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 1 (6) up to the value of the setting of the safety valve 28, after

5, the operation fluid from the rod end of the hydraulic cylinder 1 (6) will flow through the check valve 25 and the safety valve 28 to the drain. The piston of the hydraulic cylinder 1 (6) will move 0 to the side of the rod cavity, and a vacuum will be created in the piston cavity, under the action of which the check valve 26 will open and the working fluid from the drain line will fill the increasing volume of the piston cavity.

When exposed to an external load on the flap 7 (8) from the opposite side of the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 1 (6), from right to left relative to the flap 7 (figure 1), the pressure

0 will increase in the piston cavity, from which the working fluid will be forced out and flow to the drain through the check valve 24 and the safety valve 28. The rod end will be fed

5 from drain lines through a check valve 27.

In the event of divergence of the double leaf gate from external loads exceeding permissible, or overflowing

0, the working fluid through the piston seals when the gate is in the closed position for a long time, the limit switch, which is installed in the gate gate (not shown in FIG. 1), opens automatically

5 the microprocessor controller 34 is turned on and the operation is similar to the gate closing operation with the only difference that the electro-hydraulic amplifiers 13 are given a constant signal corresponding to the minimum speed

gate movement When the door is being closed, the limit switch closes, the power is removed from the controller 34 and the circuit returns to its original state. When the dispatcher commands the opening of a double-leaf gate, the limit switch in the gate is blocked.

The use of the invention will allow an increase in the capacity of the low-level gateway by an average of 35-40% due to the forced filling and emptying of the lock chamber by implementing the non-linear laws of movement of the double gate and the filling and emptying gates, as well as to increase the reliability of all hydraulic actuators and ensure - danger of sluicing. The safety of sluicing is ensured by the reduction of hydrodynamic loads acting on ships from the flow of water filling and emptying the sluice chamber that igaets water flow control valves given law of motion.

Claims (2)

Claim 1. The hydraulic control system for a double-leaf gate and low-gate gate filling gates, comprising two gate gate drive hydraulic cylinders and two pairs of parallel-connected hydraulic cylinders of two gate gate drives, mounted on gateway gate lines, two electro-distributors, two outputs each of which are connected to the gate gate lines. the piston cavities of the hydraulic cylinders for the drive of the gate doors and the piston cavities of the pairs of hydraulic cylinders for the drive of the gateway filling gates, two electrohydraulic amplifiers, the supply cavities of which are connected to two pressure lines through filters and check valves, and one of the execution cavities of each electrohydraulic booster is connected to the pressure input of the corresponding electrohydraulic distributor, two unregulated pumps, whose outlets are connected to two pressure lines, and pressure valves are connected to the latter and through the filters, - cavities of control of electrohydraulic amplifiers, two safety blocks of the hydraulic cylinders of the gate gate actuators, two gears, each of which is a kinema nical associated with one of the wings and with two synchros connected through the meter A device with a system control point controller that also contains a display connected to the controller, a matching device and two pulse-width modulators, the outputs of the latter being connected to electromechanical converters of electro-hydraulic amplifiers via pulse-width converters and electronic amplifiers, and the outputs of the matching device are connected to actuators of electric motors of unregulated pumps and with control windings of electro-hydraulic distributors, characterized in that The system is equipped with two additional electro-hydraulic distributors, the control windings of which are connected to the additional outputs of the matching device, in order to increase the speed and reliability in the operation of the hydraulic actuators of the door leaves and the gate valves of the gateway. The two outputs of each of the additional electro-hydraulic valves are connected to the rod cavities respectively. gate valve drive hydraulic cylinders and with rod cavities of a pair of gate valve drive cylinder hydraulic actuators and pressure inputs with second actuating cavities of electro-hydraulic amplifiers, the spools of which are equipped with springs to ensure their centering, each safety unit designed as an apana safety device, the control cavity of which is connected to the piston and rod of the gate hydraulic actuators Directly connected check valves, and the drain cavity through the back included valves. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to prevent jamming of the filling gates during their vertical movement, the rectangular gates are provided with two pairs of diagonally placed on their side surfaces of the wheels installed with a gap in the vertical grooves of the doors of the gate of the gateway, All the wheels are equipped with ratchet mechanisms installed so as to ensure the free rotation of the first pair of wheels clockwise, and the second pair of wheels counterclockwise. tO oh oh g rj / tЈ 0Ј GGPF / Ј: jnUr- ZЈM 0Ј "- G- h Cxj I VA