SU1766875A1 - Ceramic mass for building brick production - Google Patents

Abstract

The essence of the invention: mass contains, wt%: clay 7-15; sand sand 45-80; granulated phosphoric slag 5-48. Characteristics: water absorption 10.8-17.5%; ultimate compressive strength 10.75-39.2 MPa, average density 1.76-1.878 g / cm3, 4 tab.

Description

The invention relates to the ceramic industry, to the production of building bricks and can be used in industrial and civil construction.

Ceramic mass for building brick is known, 1, comprising the following components, wt%: Barkhan sand 65-75

Clay25-35

The disadvantages of this weight are relatively low strength properties of the finished products.

Closest to the proposed mass is the mixture for the manufacture of construction brick 2. comprising the following components, wt.%: Barkhan sand with a specific surface area of 1800-2000 cm2 / g87-8 8

Clay rock 10

Slag of phosphorus production2-3 The disadvantage of this composition is the low strength of the products.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the strength of products.

This goal is achieved in that the ceramic mass for making construction bricks, including clay, sand sand and phosphoric slag, contains granulated phosphorus slag in the following ratio, wt.%:

Clay7-15

Dune sand45-80

Granulated

phosphoric slag5-48

For preparation of the charge, raw materials were used to use sand from the Assinskoye field (Dzhambulsk region), clay from the Darbazinskoye field (Chimkent region) and granulated phosphorus slag from the Novo-Dzhambulsky phosphorus plant.

The chemical composition of raw materials are given in table. one.

Examples of specific performance.

Raw materials were first dried, then clay and phosphoric slag

Yo

XJ Os O 00 XI

ate

They were molded in a laboratory ball mill until complete passage through a 0.14 sieve, and sand sand was used without grinding. Then the components were weighed in the right quantities and mixed thoroughly. After that, water in an amount of 8-10% by weight of the dry components was added to the dry mixture and thoroughly mixed until a moist, homogeneous mass was obtained.

Samples of cubes (5x5x5 cm), beams (4x4x16) and bricks by pressing were formed from the mixture obtained. The pressing pressure is 15-20 MPa.

The products are dryers in an oven at T 100-150 ° C for 1-2 hours.

The firing was performed in an electric furnace with carbide silicon heaters at 900, 950, and 1000 ° С with an exposure of 1 hour.

The resulting products have a beige color, clear edges and a rough surface.

Specific compositions of the proposed ceramic mass are given in table. 2

Physico-mechanical properties of the products obtained on the basis of the proposed ceramic mass are given in table. 3

During heat treatment of the clay-sand sand composition — granulated phosphoric slag, low-melting eutectics are formed, which contributes to an increase in the amount of the liquid phase.

In addition, as a result of petrographic and X-ray phase analyzes, it was found that the content of granular phosphorus slag contributes to the separation of the crystalline phase of low-temperature wollastonite 5-CaO SiOa), which strengthens the structure of products, which explains the increase in strength properties.

Thus, the use of the proposed mass compositions allows to obtain products with high mechanical properties.

It should also be noted that the composition of the masses contains up to 80% of cheap and available raw materials; sand sand and up to 48% of phosphate production, which

It allows to solve the problems of shortage of raw materials in the ceramic industry and the utilization of granulated slag, as well as reduce the cost of finished products. Information about the base object and justification of the expected technical and economic effect.

The Dzhambul brick factory with a capacity of 20 million pieces was chosen as the base object. in year. Production costs 46.19 rubles for 1000 pcs. brick.

In order to substantiate the expected economic efficiency, we give below the calculations according to the Methodological Guidelines for determining the economic efficiency of using new equipment, inventions and rational proposals in the building materials industry (Table 4).

According to the methodology, the annual economic effect is calculated by the formula

E (E1-E2) - A2 or

3 (Cl + EKi) - (C2 + EK2) A2, where E is the annual economic effect, rubles; Эь Э2 - reduced costs per 1000 pieces of bricks;

Ci, C2 - the cost of 1000 pieces, bricks, rubles. cop.

Ki, K2 - specific capital investments per 1000 pcs. brick, rub. a cop;

B - standard efficiency ratio, equal to 0.15;

A2 - annual production.

A (4619 + 0.15 21.24) - (43.52 + 0.15 21.24) -20000 (49.37-47.70) 20000 53.4 thousand rubles. in year.

Claims (1)

Claims Ceramic mass for the manufacture of building bricks, including clay, sand, and phosphorus slag, which, in order to increase strength, contains granulated phosphorus slag, with the following ratio of components, wt.%: Clay7-15 Dune sand45-80 Granulated phosphoric slag 5-48. Table 1 table 2 The name of indicators base case Raw materials Auxiliary materials Fuel and energy on technological goals Salary and shop expenses Other expenses Specific capital investments Total: cost of 1000 pcs. products Table 3 Table 4 Costs for 1000 pcs. products, rub. iant proposed option 8-50 1-40 2-80 9-20 21-62 21-24 43-52