SU1763688A1 - Two-stroke internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The engine comprises a cylinder 1 with exhaust 2 and blowing 3 windows, pressed into cylinder 1 of sleeve 5, piston 6 with rings 7. On the working surface of sleeve 5 there is an annular groove 8 located above the exhaust and blowing windows and connected by radial drilling 9 An annular chamber 10, which, by means of longitudinal grooves 17 and radial channels 12, controlled by the lower edge of the piston tube 6, is connected with the crank chamber 13.1 Il.

Description

The invention relates to two-stroke internal combustion engines.

Known two-stroke engine, in which on the working surface of the cylinder liners made an annular groove communicated by radial channels with the oil supply system / 1 /.

These design solutions ensure uniform distribution of lubricant over the surface of the cylinder, resulting in reduced wear on liners, pistons and piston rings. However, these systems do not allow excess oil to be removed from the cylinder mirror, which is cleaned off by piston rings, which increases oil burn. In addition, exhaust gases bursting through piston rings from the combustion chamber enter the purge windows, which impairs economic performance and engine toxicity.

A two-stroke internal combustion engine is known, comprising a cylinder with purge windows, into which a sleeve is pressed in, a piston with piston rings, moreover, an annular groove is made on the working surface of the sleeve below the purge windows, which is communicated by radial channels with an annular chamber, and the latter with a vacuum system crankcase ventilation / 2 /.

This engine, adopted as a prototype, has the disadvantage that the exhaust gases breaking through the piston rings from the combustion chamber enter the purge windows, as a result of which the purge quality of the cylinder is deteriorated, and, consequently, the economic performance of the engine.

In addition, oil also gets into the purge windows, which is cleaned off by the rings from the cylinder mirror when the piston moves from TDC to BDC, resulting in increased oil consumption for waste and exhaust gas toxicity.

The aim of the invention is to increase fuel efficiency and reduce exhaust emissions.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in a two-stroke engine containing a cylinder with exhaust and purge windows, a piston with piston rings and a crank chamber, an annular groove is made on the working surface of the cylinder, located above the exhaust and purge windows, but below the piston rings with the piston in the upper position dead center / TDC /, which is in communication with the crank chamber by channels opened by the bottom edge of the piston skirt when the piston rings are above the annular groove.

The main distinguishing features of the described engine are the location of the groove above the outlet and purge windows, but below the piston rings when the piston is in the TDC, as well as a control system for the duration of the communication of this groove with the crank chamber.

In this engine, the fresh mixture bursting from the combustion chamber through the piston rings / at the compression stroke /, as well as the exhaust gases / at the piston’s working stroke / are collected in a groove made on the cylinder’s working surface above the exhaust and purge windows and from it flows through the channels into the crank the camera. When the groove is located below the outlet and purge windows, the fuel-air mixture and exhaust gases flowing through the piston rings flow into the exhaust and purge windows, while part of the fresh mixture is lost through the outlet windows, the fuel consumption and exhaust toxicity increase, and the purge quality deteriorates and filling the engine cylinder.

The control of the duration of the communication of the groove with the crank chamber with the lower edge of the piston is necessary for their separation in periods when the piston rings fall below the groove on the working surface of the cylinder, i.e. to exclude the message above the piston space of the cylinder with the crank chamber bypassing the compression rings.

In addition, this engine eliminates the ingress of oil into the exhaust and purge windows, which is cleaned by rings from the cylinder walls when the piston moves to the bottom dead center / BDC /. This oil is also sucked into the crank chamber through an annular groove.

The drawing shows the described engine.

The engine comprises a cylinder 1 with exhaust 2 and a purge 3 windows, a cylinder head 4, a sleeve 5 pressed into the cylinder 1, a piston 6 with piston rings 7. An annular groove 8 is located on the working surface of the cylinder liner 5, located above the exhaust 2 and purge 3 windows, but below the piston rings 7 when the piston is in TDC. The annular groove 8 is communicated by radial drilling 9 with an annular chamber 10 formed by a groove on the outer surface of the sleeve 5. The annular chamber 10 is communicated using longitudinal grooves 11 and radial channels 12 with a cavity of the crank chamber 13.

The engine operates as follows.

When the piston 6 moves to TDC at the moment of overlapping the annular groove 8 by the rings 7, the lower edge of the piston skirt 6 opens the radial grooves 12, which ensures the communication of the annular groove 8 with the crank chamber 13.

As the pressure in the cylinder 1 increases, the fresh mixture, breaking through the rings 7, is collected in the annular groove 8 and from it through the radial holes 9 and the annular chamber 10 along the longitudinal grooves 11 and the radial channels 12 is discharged into the crank chamber 13.

During the working stroke, the exhaust gas breaking through the rings 7 is also discharged into the crank chamber 13. At the moment of passage of the grooves 8 by the piston rings 7, the lower edge of the piston skirt 6 overlaps the radial channels 12, thereby eliminating the flow of gases from the over-piston space of the cylinder 1 into the crank chamber 13 bypassing the piston rings 7.

When the piston rings pass the groove 8, the oil that is cleaned from the working surface of the cylinder liner 5 through the annular groove 8 enters the annular chamber 10 and then flows into the crank chamber 13.

Claims (1)

Claim A two-stroke internal combustion engine comprising at least one cylinder with exhaust and purge windows made therein, a cylinder head, a piston located in the cylinder and having a skirt and piston rings, and a crank chamber connected to the over-piston chamber connected to the over-piston space of the cylinder using purge channels and windows, moreover, on the working surface of the cylinder there is an annular groove in communication with the crank chamber, characterized in that, in order to increase fuel economy and To reduce exhaust emissions, the annular groove is located above the exhaust and purge windows and is in communication with the crank chamber using additional channels made in the cylinder and opened by the lower edge of the piston skirt when the piston rings are above the annular groove. Compiled by V. Morozov Editor G. Belskaya Tehred M. Morgenthal Corrector E. Lonchakova Order 3440 Circulation Subscription VNIIIPI of the State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries at the State Committee for Science and Technology 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushskaya nab., 4/5 Production and Publishing Combine Patent, Uzhgorod, 101 Gagarin St.