SU1763047A1 - Method of coating preparation - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: applying fast drying paintwork materials by the brush method. The essence of the invention is a paint-and-lacquer material in an organic low-volatile solvent containing 4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxane in the amount of 4-13 wt.% To the organic solvent is applied to the surface to be coated. 1 tab.

Description

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WITH

The invention relates to a technique for applying paintwork materials to the surface, and more specifically to the application of fast-drying paintwork materials by the brush method.

It is known that the brush method is mainly used for applying slow-drying paints and varnishes after their preliminary dilution with a solvent / 1 /.

It is known that when dyeing products with quick-drying, for example, nitrocellulose paint and varnish material using the brush method, large quantities of mostly volatile, flammable and largely toxic solvents should be used. This leads to an increase in the concentration of combustible and harmful substances in the air of the working area, increases the drying time and increases the labor intensity during coating, and the sanitary and hygienic working conditions are deteriorated. Therefore, the main disadvantages are the use of a large amount of volatile solvent and deterioration of sanitary and hygienic conditions 111.

The aim of the invention is to reduce the amount of volatile solvent, which makes it possible to apply paintwork material in an even, thin layer and at the same time to improve the sanitary and hygienic working conditions.

The goal is achieved by applying paintwork material to the surface to be coated, which is dissolved with an organic solvent containing 4-hydroxymethyl-1 3-dioxolane in an amount of 4-13% by weight of the solvent.

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About WITH

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CHg-CH-CHnOH

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about o f

-4-Oxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane is a colorless transparent liquid with a faint floral odor, soluble in alcohols, ketones, esters, chloroform, carbon disulfide, aromatic hydrocarbons, in most other organically solvents and in water, insoluble in saturated hydrocarbons

4-Oxymethyl-1,3-dioxolene has the following physicochemical parameters: boiling point, ° С-194.5

density at 20 ° С, g / cm3 -1.22 the refractive index at 20 ° С-1.4510

glass transition temperature, ° C -101.0 entropy of evaporation, kj / mol deg-0.12

evaporation heat, kj / mol -53.3 heat capacity, w / m grad-230

viscosity at 20 ° С ns / m-0.015

the content of the basic substance,% mass-99.95

According to the map of the 3rd Main Administration of the Ministry of Higher Education of the USSR, it is non-toxic.

This compound was not previously used as a solvent for paints and varnishes.

4-Oxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane is produced in accordance with those 843-673-82 and is currently used as an extractant of aromatic hydrocarbons / 3 /, a modifier of rubber compounds / 4 /, in fire-fighting agents / 5 /.

The content of 4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane in a paint-and-lacquer material should be taken in the range of 4.0–13.0% of the mass, by weight of the paint-and-lacquer material with a viscosity of 40–55 according to VZ-4, since with a smaller amount the disadvantages of fast-drying paints and varnishes are preserved, which makes it impossible to apply them by the brush method, and with a content of more than 13, the drying time is significantly increased.

Increasing the boiling point of 4-oxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane 194.5 ° C provides technologically necessary time for the wrist method to keep it in a thin film of paint material and gives the paint or lacquer the ability to spread on the surface in an even thinner layer, and structure

the methylene acetal group -0-CH2-0- compound, which is inherent in many natural fragrances, on the one hand, seems to help ensure a sufficient removal rate of the solvent from the coating and, on the other hand, seems to provide the proposed compound with the ability to perfume that reduces unpleasant

odors in the process of coating and drying.

The most important property of the proposed method for 4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane is the ability to volatilize from a thin film.

paintwork is based on the specific spatial structure of its molecule, allowing 4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane to form an intramolecular hydrogen bond between

the hydroxyl group of the side chain -CH2-OH of the chain and the oxygen atom of the five-membered cycle both in the conformation E — a semi-envelope, and in the conformation T — a crossed one. In connection with this, the molecule of 4 oxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane with intramolecular hydrogen bond has an increased volatility and leaves the thin film of paintwork material more quickly and since the conformations of 4-hydroxymethyl-1, 3-dioxolane with both inside - and with intermolecular bonds are in dynamic equilibrium with a potential barrier of lower energy of thermal motion, then molecules with intramolecular hydrogen bond are formed again in the mass of 4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane on the volatilization of a thin film.

The invention allows for the application of a thin even layer of paint or varnish by the brush method. At the same time, sanitary and hygienic conditions are improved due to a sharp decrease in the amount of basic easily volatile solvent.

The ability of paints and varnishes applied by the brush method depends on the properties of this material to increase bone in a thin layer. The required level of viscosity of 40-50 s is needed to retain the material on the surface in the form of uniform pblos, determined by the shape and material of the brush and the ability to thin

5 film paintwork material and wicking traces of the brush. Highly volatile solvents very quickly form a strong film that cannot flow. When using them, an increased consumption of paints and varnishes is observed, arising both from the need to reduce the viscosity of paints and varnishes to the specified limits and the need to reapply a layer of paint or varnish to eliminate traces (labor intensity increases). In the proposed method, this is prevented by the presence of 4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane in the paintwork material.

The invention is illustrated by experiments (1-21). The results are tabulated. The experiments were performed using enamels: PF-133, FA-737, NC-315M and varnishes: bitumen No. 177; NC-223, with an initial viscosity of 40-55 s according to VZ-4 at 20 ° C. The specified interval in viscosity is achieved by adding (if necessary) to ready-to-use paints and varnishes recommended (known) solvents for them:

dl PF-133 solvent + white spirit (1: 1)

for FA-737, NC-315M, NC-233, solvent 646 + amylacetate (4: 1) and for bituminous lacquer 177, xylene.

The evaluation of the ability of the paintwork material to be applied by the brush method was carried out by increasing the viscosity of the paintwork material (column 4-6 of the table) and experiments to determine the drying time (column 7 of the table). The viscosity measurement was carried out after 15 minutes in a thin layer (a flat bottom vessel filled with lacquer or enamel, having a ratio of diameter to height of 2000: 1).

Special experiments have shown that a change in the viscosity of the paintwork material after exposure to the specified conditions less than 15 seconds in OT-4 does not significantly change the ability of the paintwork material to be applied to the surface by the brush method.

The drying time of the paintwork material was determined by the moment when the stickiness of the painted surface disappeared when it was in contact with a sheet of filter paper under pressure with a specific force of 0.1 kg / cm.

The table shows the results of experiments for paints and varnishes containing different amounts of the proposed diluent in comparison with the results of experiments carried out in the absence of solvents (experiments 1, 6, 10, 14, 18).

The table shows that the proposed method of applying paintwork materials provides a change in viscosity of paintwork materials for 15 minutes by no more than 15 seconds in OT-4, which indicates the ability of the paintwork material to be applied by the brush method for the required time.

Thus, the proposal to use 4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane in the method of applying quick-drying paints and varnishes has the advantages, because with the addition of a relatively small amount from 4 to 13% by weight, quick-drying paints and varnishes can be applied to the surface by the brush method like slowly drying paints oil based materials. At the same time, sanitary and hygienic conditions are improved and drying time is maintained.

The use of 4-hydroxymethane-1,3-dioxolane in the method of applying paints and varnishes will expand the field of application of the brush method to quick-drying paints and varnishes, 1.2-1.5 times, which gives savings in the national economy.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A method of producing a coating by applying a paint and varnish material to an coated surface in an organic, volatile solvent, characterized in that, in order to ensure that the paint material can be applied in an even, thin layer and to improve sanitary and hygienic conditions, a solvent containing 4-hydroxymethyl is used as an organic solvent. 1,3-dioxolane in the amount of 4-13% by weight of the solvent. Change in viscosity and drying time of fast-drying paints and varnishes from the additive of the claimed additional solvent (4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane) In experiments 1, 6, 10, 1 j, 18, recommended (known) solvents were added periodically in 2-3 minutes during the dyeing to apply the paintwork material to the surface in the amount of 30-40 wt.%; The same amount of juicy material as in experiments 1, 6, 10, 1, 18 allows covering a 1.2-1.5 times larger surface without requiring the addition of a known solvent, as in experiments 1, 6, 10, 14, 18. Compiled by R. In cancer Editor T.IvanovaTekhred M.MorgentalKorrektor I.Muska Order 3408 Circulation: Subscription VNIIPI State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries at the State Committee on Science and Technology of the USSR 113035, Moscow. Zh-35, Raushska nab., 4/5 Production and Publishing Combine Patent, Uzhgorod, Gagarin st., 101