SU1762803A1 - Film hotbed - Google Patents

Abstract

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: A greenhouse consists of interconnected wooden frames of the same size with a film that encloses the frame from the inside. . The roofing frames are pairwise connected by hinges in the ridge with the possibility of rotation for opening and fixing the position of the threaded posts. In the lower elements of each frame, holes are made to drain the sediments. 1 hp f-ly, 13 ill.

Description

The invention relates to the field of cottage and backyard greenhouse households, and can also be used on collective and state farms for growing heat-loving crops (tomag, porcelain, eggplant, etc.), early vegetables, seedlings and flowers.

Film greenhouses for growing heat-loving crops, as well as early vegetables, seedlings and flowers, made in the form of a wooden or metal frame covered with various types, most often polyethylene, are widely known.

The known structure of the greenhouse, chosen as the prototype of the claimed device, contains a wooden frame with cells, into which the film wrapped frames, fastened with fasteners, are inserted.

A disadvantage of the known device and method of its manufacture lies in the fact that such a greenhouse construction has a high labor consumption in manufacturing, large material and metal consumption, not

Provides long service life and easy operation.

The greater labor intensity of making a greenhouse is due to the fact that the frame of each frame is fitted through the opening for it in the frame of the greenhouse, as well as the need to manufacture the frame of the greenhouse itself.

The large material and metal intensity of the greenhouse is due to the fact that it contains a complex wooden frame, during the assembly of which metal fastening elements (corners, brackets, linings, screws, nails, etc.) are used.

The life of such a greenhouse is limited to several years of operation, because after the harvesting of frames in the fall, its frame becomes permanently exposed to atmospheric precipitation (rain, sleet, fog, wind, etc.), as a result of which the frame becomes wet, cracked, deformed . Over time, there is a problem with the compaction of increased gaps between the cage cells and the frames of the greenhouse. In addition, the greenhouse frame remaining for the autumn-winter period makes it difficult to prepare the soil for subsequent planting.

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The aim of the invention is to increase the life of the greenhouse, reduce its material and metal consumption, reduce the labor intensity of production, improve the operating conditions of the greenhouse due to the fact that the wall fence frames are interconnected with the possibility of a connector; roofing frames combined in pairs with hinges in the ridge; roofing frames can be rotated to open and fix the position by means of threaded racks that are removably secured to the frames of the wall fence; frame film located on the inside of the greenhouse; In the lower edges of each frame (in the film), holes are made to drain the sediments.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in a greenhouse device containing a simplified frame in the form of a frame (foundation lining) and struts, as well as frames covered with a transparent film and fastening elements, where, according to the invention, the frame as a supporting structural element is absent, with interconnected in the process of assembling the frame greenhouse (by doubling the cross-sectional area of the sides) and the elements of the simplified framework simultaneously form both the framework of the greenhouse, the strength necessary for the operation, and its covering; the frames of the greenhouse frames are assembled without the use of metal fastening elements (angles, onlays, screws, nails, etc.); when assembling a greenhouse, the film encloses the framework from the inside of it, ensuring constant ventilation of the frame of the frame. In order to provide the necessary geometry of the greenhouse in cross section with the angle of inclination of the roof frames 14 ... 18 ° and the width of the greenhouse 2000 ... 2800 mm, the minimum height of the frame is determined from the relation:

H B / 2 + 50 mm, where B is the width of the greenhouse, H is the height of the frame.

For ease of assembly and disassembly, as well as maintaining the required temperature conditions inside it, the upper (ridge) frames are hinged in pairs, for example, by loops, and in the ajar state they are fixed, for example, by threaded posts having adjustable size and locked in the desired position. nuts to the wall enclosure frames.

The joining of wall frames with the possibility of a connector;

detachably attached to the frames of the wall fence, with the arrangement of the film frames on the inner side and making holes in the lower parts of the frames (in the film)

precipitation drains achieve the objectives of the invention,

FIG. 1 shows a general view of a four-section greenhouse; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 is a section BB in FIG. one;

0 in FIG. 4 shows a section B-B in FIG. one; in fig. 5 is a cross-section of the FIG. one; in fig. 6 — node I in FIG. 2; in fig. 7 - node II in FIG. 2; in fig. 8-node III in FIG. 2; in fig. 9 is a view of D in FIG. 8; in fig. 10 is a diagram of an assembly; in fig. 11 is a typical diagram of the opening of a greenhouse frame for ventilation; in fig. 12 - scheme of fastening of the opened frames of the greenhouse; in fig. 13 is a view of E in FIG. 12.

A greenhouse consists of frames 1 and 2, covered with

0 film, strut 3 and base frame 4. These greenhouse elements are installed, for example, on a strip foundation 5, through a pad of ruberoid 6. End frames i differ in geometry and size from longitudinal (vertical and ridge) 1, which are unified. The frames 1, 2 are fastened together with fasteners, such as a thumb screw nut 7, 8 (Fig. 3, 4). To the base frame (Fig. 5) of the frame

0 are secured by thumb screws 7 with the help of anchor nuts 9, in turn, fixed by screws 11. The ridge frames are interconnected in pairs by hinge loops 12 (Fig. 6), which

5 secured with screws; elastic gasket 13 is nailed to one of the frames with galvanized nails 14.

The struts 3 (Fig. 7) with the help of angled, freely rotating tips 15,

0 fixed with screws and a nut 16,17, are installed in the support to provide the necessary geometry of the greenhouse in cross section, through anchor nuts 9; the adjustment is made by pulling out the 5 openings 18 in the tips. FIG. 3, 4, 5, 7 and 13 washer 10.

FIG. 8 shows a typical node of the main element of the greenhouse - the frame and its elements; slats frames 19, 20 glued and fastened

0 in the corners using a non-metallic, for example, plywood corner liner 21 and pins 22 on waterproof glue, for example, the moment, 88NP. The installation of the inserts 21 is shown in FIG. 9.

5 Before wrapping frames with film, a greenhouse control assembly is carried out on the panel, with drilling of the connecting holes in the frames and the paneling (under the anchor nuts 9) and fastening elements. Drilling holes in the frames leads to a pattern.

After assembly, frames are marked with a felt-tip pen or ballpoint pen. The installation of the film on the frame is carried out in assembly devices, where it is fixed through strips of film (unlined) linoleum 23 with the help of galvanized nails 14 (Fig. 8).

At the lower edges of each frame (in the film) there are 2 holes for draining the water, so that each line of diameter passes through the inner edge of the frame, FIG. 13.

FIG. 10 is a diagram of the use of pivotally connected ridge frames 1 and struts 3 when assembling a greenhouse alone, divided into 3 positions. Positions are created when 2 face frames 2 and two 1 (vertical) are installed; the vertical frames are fastened with struts 3, the horizontal frame 1 (from two pivotally connected) is fixed (previously) with clamps 24. Position b - horizontal frame 1 (from two connected pivotally) rises to position b from position a and fixed by strut 3 inside the greenhouse to the binding and frame; The clamps are tightened, the holes are drilled in the joining frames according to the template and fastened according to fig. 3. Position in — the vertical frame 1 is raised (consisting of two connected hinges), fastened with clamps, the holes are drilled in a pattern, the frames are fastened (Fig. 3).

The outer releasing struts 3 are removed. Subsequent sections of the greenhouse are similarly assembled.

FIG. 11 is a diagram of the raised frames (hatched) for ventilation of the greenhouse, as well as the location of the struts 3, in order to maintain the design-power scheme of the greenhouse when lifting the frames. Ajar frames are secured in the desired position, for example, using threaded struts and nuts. FIG. 12 shows the threaded leg 25 and the fastening elements of the lifting frames (clauses 7, 8, 10).

A greenhouse of similar design can be made of plastic, if the above frames and fastening elements are made of polyvinyl chloride instead of wood. In this case, the polyvinyl chloride film for greenhouses (TU-6-05-37-226-78) will be compatible with the frame material and easily fit to such a frame even with the help of commercially available household devices for welding the film etc.),

Experience in operating a film-coated greenhouse shows that

from above the frame (on the outside of the greenhouse) the film is exposed, especially in the aion of the frame frame contour, to increased heating; because of the prolonged exposure to sunlight and the low thermal conductivity of the wood; Moreover, the wind film constantly oscillates inside the frame contour, which leads to the film annealing along the inner edges of the frame frame, besides, due to a large temperature difference, and during frequent frosts, the film breaks down ,

A characteristic feature of these effects is the clouding of the film at the indicated locations in the form of a contour strip of milky color.

In the proposed greenhouse construction, the film stretches on the frame from the inner surface of the greenhouse (below), therefore it heats less because it is protected from the direct rays of the sun by the frame, while for especially exposed heat - upper frames - the film sags under its own weight and less in contact with inner edge of the frame frame when the film oscillates. These circumstances explain the longer service life of the frame film located inside the greenhouse.

The ability to store a greenhouse in the autumn and winter indoors due to its quick disassembly makes it possible to lengthen the service life of film coating frames.

A greenhouse, due to its compactness in the collapsed state and the possibility of its rapid deployment, can be used as a temporary shelter for people, cargo and equipment.

Claims (2)

1. Film greenhouse, including the same-sized wooden frames installed on the base frame and interconnected wooden frames with a film fixed to them, forming a roof and wall fencing, characterized in that, in order to increase the ease of operation and increase the durability of the greenhouse, the wall frame interconnected with the possibility of a connector, and the roof frames are combined in pairs by hinges in the ridge with the possibility of rotation for opening and fixing the position by means of threaded struts, detachably attached nnyh to the frames of the wall enclosure, the film frame located on the inner side, and the lower elements of each frame are provided with openings for draining precipitation. 2. Greenhouse pop. 1, characterized in that the angle of inclination of the roof frames is 14-18 °, the width of the greenhouse is 2000- defined by the ratio HB / 2 + 50 mm, 2800 mm, and the minimum height of the H-frame where B is the width of the greenhouse. Fig. / I j /// /// /// V / S /// /// / t 1 in-in 8.10 1 7.10  8.10 Fig.Z 7, Yu FIG. five 1B SHVIDM 21 Fi.Y. Loop charm / frame frame hinge axis Vide + / -V V 1 i it i 1762803 / 3/3, 3.3 FIG. P