SU1761225A1 - Grain loaded filter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the purification of industrial gases with filters and can be used in the manufacture of animal feed. The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of dust separation, reduce energy consumption and simplify operation. The filter includes a vertical or inclined body with gas inlet and outlet nozzles and for the entrance and exit of granular filter material. The material moves from top to bottom, and the dusty gas moves from bottom to top towards the material. The material is loosened by rods inserted into it, which improve the contact of the material with the dusty gas. Before feeding the material into a vertical or inclined channel, it is subjected to surface moistening in the auger with a sprayer. This increases the dust capacity of the material. One of the positive differences of the claimed device is the use of the same or compatible with the dust composition as a filtering material. This eliminates the regeneration of the material. The filter can be used for dust removal of granular (grain, grains of granules) and a number of other types of bulk materials. 2 з п. Ф-л, 2 Il. cl

Description

The invention relates to the field of separation of dust from gases and can be used in various sectors of the national economy, for example, in the grain processing industry.

A granular filter is known in the form of a vertical channel with a granular material, which is perpendicular to which the gas to be cleaned is fed and withdrawn. When loading the channel, the granular material is stratified

The disadvantage of this design is its complexity and insufficient dust separation efficiency due to the unstable and unregulated aerodynamic drag of the granular material. The degree of delamination of the material varies in the height of the channel, the dusty gas passes through the channel section with minimal resistance, which reduces the gas purification coefficient and the filter material is inefficiently used.

Closest to the claimed (prototype) filter is adopted, in which the part of the material for regeneration is removed from the side of intake of dusty gas to the granular material with the help of moving combs. The disadvantage of this design is that the rest of the material

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forms a stagnant zone and this reduces the efficiency of dust separation. In addition, the mechanism for moving the combs in the chamber with an overpressure of dusty gas reduces the reliability of the filter and complicates it.

The purpose of the claimed technical solution is to increase the efficiency of the filter and simplify its design.

This goal is achieved by the fact that inside a vertical or inclined channel with granular material, perpendicular to its flow, pins are installed in a checkerboard pattern with the possibility of controlling their number and degree of introduction into the granular material. In this case, the pins loosen the material, turn it with a clean surface towards the dust and gas flow, which increases the efficiency of dust separation. In addition, in order to increase the efficiency of dust separation, a device for preliminary surface treatment of the material in the form of a vane screw conveyor and an integrated liquid or solution nozzle is installed in front of the channel.

To simplify the design of the filter by eliminating the process of regenerating the material, the material used is the same or compatible with the dust and is sent after processing to the filter without regeneration.

A positive effect in the claimed technical solution is achieved by reducing energy consumption, increasing the reliability of the filter, simplifying the design and operating it, since the regeneration of the granular material is eliminated. In addition, the efficiency of the dust separation process is increased by increasing the dust capacity of the filter material, achieved by wetting its surface and a constant renewal, i.e. the gas cleaning process is carried out with the movement of the granular filter material.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of its device; Fig. 2 illustrates the filter control mechanism. The filter consists of a vertical or inclined body 1, equipped with nozzles for supplying 2 and removing 3 gases and for entering 4 and leaving 5 granular filtering material. On the supply and removal side of gases, the filtering material 6 is limited to louvres 7. pins 8, mounted on the holder 9 in a checkerboard pattern. In front of the channel 1 there is a screw 10 with a nozzle for the liquid 11.

The filter works as follows. The dusty gas through the louvers 7 passes into the filter material up against its flow and is discharged through the louvers 7 and

nozzle 3. To loosen the material, distribute it evenly over the cross section of the housing 1 and turn the grains while moving perpendicular to the material flow, pins 9 are inserted into it. 4, The pins create aerodynamic resistance to dusty gas that is uniform over the cross section of the channel, which contributes to its effective cleaning. By varying the number of pins in the holder 9 and / or the degree of their introduction into the material flow, the porosity can be adjusted and,

0 thus, the aerodynamic resistance of the layer of material, its speed through the channel. Figure 2 shows that pushing the pins outwards increases the speed and, consequently, the porosity of the surface layer of the material. On the wall, on the gas inlet side, coarse dust is deposited, and on the layer with slower speed and fine dust. It is possible to use two combined clips with a set of pins through the row so that when one of them is notched, the distance between the pins vertically or horizontally is doubled. The shape of the pin sections can also be different (round, triangular and

5 etc.), but fulfilling the task of bringing the dusty gas to the entire surface of each grain (granule) and thereby increasing its dust capacity.

To increase the dust capacity of the material, it is also intended to apply moisture film on its surface in the blade auger 10. Water, fat, molasses or other solution is sprayed by the nozzle 11 into the material flow, which is mixed with a screw 10 and transported to the housing 1 cannot be moistened, it is directed to the housing 1 through the nozzle 12.

Thus, due to the fact that the granular filter material is a raw material or a finished product of primary production (grain, grains, granules), the filter does not have a material regeneration site, which simplifies the design and reduces the material and operating costs of dust separation.

A prerequisite for applying the inventive method of dust separation and the filter with its use is the compatibility of the dust and granular material in the technological process. Most often, the dust and the material from which the dust is sucked off have the same composition and the specified condition is met. However, if ready products (grains, granules) should be dust free, then dust can be sucked off from it to the beginning of production into a filter filled with raw materials or intermediate products. The filter can be filled with not only granular, but also other loose, fibrous material with sufficient porosity.

The inventive device (filter) is easily incorporated into the production flow of the main or auxiliary process material. It combines the advantages of dry and wet dust separation, i.e. The project on the device and operation, as a bag filter, and provides a high coefficient of dust cleaning, as in a wet filter.

The proposed device for dust separation allows for a closed low-waste recycling cycle of a series of bulk materials. Thus, when aspirating crushers for grain, minerals, and other materials, a large amount of dust-air mixture is obtained.

By directing it into the material fed to the crushers and fixing the dust particles on the material surface with moisture, it is possible not only to clean the aspiration air from dust, but also to reduce dust generation in the crusher itself due to the additional moisture. In the feed industry, this moisture reduces the explosion hazard of the dust-air mixture. A slight moistening does not affect the further processing of the material, since

In the crusher, the material is heated and the moisture is evaporated.

In the feed industry, there are necessary conditions for using the proposed device for dust separation. Wheat, and especially barley and oats, have a rough surface, grooves, and dust pads, and its moistening affects about 0.5%.

The inventive device was tested on a model in laboratory conditions. The efficiency of the filter has been determined, the search for optimal parameters and modes of its operation under production conditions is carried out.

Claims (3)

1. Grain filter, including body with moving grainy material, gas ducts for dusty and purified gases and a device for surface treatment of granular material installed in front of the body, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency the process of dust separation and simplification of the design, the filter is equipped with a clip with pins placed in the housing and installed in a staggered order in the layer of granular material with controlling their amount and degree of incorporation into the particulate material. 2. The filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for the surface treatment of the granular material is made in blade propeller conveyor with a liquid nozzle. 3. A filter according to claim 1, distinguished by the fact that the granular material has the same or dust-compatible composition. four // ЈL №; P:, And ;; Ги1; 1- - - - tchuchtttutchtuuuu -T. l -1. -.A- D - i T-X T-L Y ten I Vi J i V2 FIG. 2