SU1758434A1 - Method of checking working order of automatic couplers - Google Patents

Abstract

Use of the invention: relates to railway transport, in particular, to a method for automating the monitoring of the technical condition of the automatic coupling devices of the rolling stock. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: when a wheelset of a carriage hits a sensor 1, relay 2 is turned on, including source 3 of light. The luminous flux is interrupted by coupling couplers, highlighting the gap between them and entering the receiver 4. The signals from receiver 4 and sensor 9 of the step-by-step image of the gaps are compared on the comparator 11. Including in the case of exceeding the clearance of the permissible value indicator 12. 2 Il.

Description

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The invention relates to railway transport, mainly to the automation of monitoring the technical condition of rolling stock.

Methods are known for monitoring automatic couplers based on the organoleptic control of individual diagnostic features of the automatic coupling device: visual monitoring of the state of uncoupling according to the position of the handle of the release lever, the position of the lock, the output of the lock signal process; control over the consequences of a crowbar with a clutch lock; control with the help of a mechanical template for the state of the elements of the automatic coupling engagement contour.

The disadvantages of such methods include: the use of manual labor in the implementation of monitoring, characterized by low productivity, reduced attention to the end of the work shift and the possibility of skipping a faulty automatic coupling (not 100% control); the ability to control the check of the elements of the gearing contour only on free-standing cars; the use of wear-and-control and calibration-calibration tools (mechanical template).

Closest to the invention is a control method characterized by the sequence of the following operations; transmitting the luminous flux through the gap between the coupled automatic couplers, determining the presence of a gap (for which the optical axes of the emitters of the luminous flux and the photodetectors are pairwise oriented at an acute angle to the vertical axis) and its identification by counting pulses and comparing their number with a given (reference) performed on a binary basis - whether or not there is illumination.

The disadvantages of the prototype are limitations in the accuracy of diagnostics, determined by the use of its indicator device (decision about the automatic coupling on the presence or absence of a gap), and the use of one sign - the lock is recessed. However, when the large and small tooth surfaces are worn, the side working surfaces of the locks of both automatic couples are worn, the lock will not be insulated (no fault information will be given), and the wear of these surfaces can lead to a large release of the locking paw and, accordingly, lowering the counterweight, eliminating self-trapping protection.

The purpose of the invention is to increase efficiency. The positive effect is to increase the reliability of the control due to the transition from the indicator device to the measuring-tolerance and by expanding the diagnostic signs.

The goal is achieved by the fact that

The following sequence of operations is performed: scanning the automatic coupling engagement contour in a vertical plane using a directional light flux; reception of the luminous flux modulated by the automatic coupling in a horizontal plane; determination of the area of the gap and its comparison with the reference.

FIG. 1 shows the contours of the engagement of the gaps, two coupled automatic couplings, where 1 - controlled gaps; 2 - holes in the small tooth; 3 - the possible overlap of the gaps by the heads of the sleeves taking into account

average magnitude of the oscillation of the sleeves with uniform motion.

FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a coupler serviceability monitor. The device contains a track sensor 1, relay 2,

light source 3, first receiver 4. second receiver 5, first integrator 6, key 7, second integrator 8, reference image sensor 9, third integrator 10, comparator 11, indicator 12.

The device works as follows.

When the first wheelset hits the track sensor 1, a relay 2 is turned on (which is, for example, a one-shot with a time longer than the next wheelset's arrival time, which again starts relay 2). Relay 2 includes light source 3 and first receiver 4.

When the train is moving, the cars interrupt the luminous flux that does not fall on the receiver 4. It is installed so that the luminous flux that passes from the source 3 through the vertical hole along the height of the small automatic coupling tooth (left and right, i.e. coming wagons). When a light flux arrives, the receiver 4 converts it into an electrical signal that is integrated at the first integrator 6 and determines whether the switch 7 is turned on. The key 7 (for example, a time relay) opens the second receiver 5, the second integrator 8 and the third integrator 10 for a certain time. five

perceives the signal of source 3 modulated by the automatic coupling pattern, i.e. passed through the gaps of the engagement contour.

The sensor 9 of the reference coupler clearance image provides a signal similar to that mentioned, which can be modeled by a simple source with a threshold voltage. The signal from sensor 9 is also integrated (on the third integrator 10, identical to the second integrator 3). The output signals of the second and third integrators 8 and 10 are compared at the comparator 11. In case the actual clearance exceeds the allowable one, the comparator 11 is activated and the indicator 12 turns on.

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Claims (1)

Claims of the Invention A method for monitoring the operability of automatic couplers, which includes passing a light flux through the gap between the coupled automatic couplers, determining the size of the gap and comparing it with a reference value, which is different from that. in order to increase efficiency, by passing a light flux, the area of the gap is determined and compared with the reference one. FIG.