SU1755871A1 - Filter for liquid purification - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to devices for cleaning liquids from impurities and can be used for purifying natural and waste waters. The goal is to increase the efficiency of cleaning the liquid, reduce energy consumption and increase the efficiency of regeneration of filter elements. The filter includes a housing 1 with rows of perforated fixed, mounted on the housing, partitions and movable, mounted on the shaft of partitions placed inside it along the height. On fixed partitions, a filter layer is fixed, made in the form of fiber segments, fixed at one end. The distance between the fixed and lower moving partitions decreases as they move away from the fluid inlet. The shaft with partitions fixed on it is installed with the possibility of vertical reciprocating movement and rotation with the help of a non-power-consuming drive. Above the movable partitions, rods are fixed radially in the direction of the periphery of these partitions. In the upper part of the body there is a device for adjusting the compressive force of the fibers. 3 hp f-ly, 3 ill. (L with

Description

The invention relates to devices for cleaning liquids from impurities and can be used for purifying natural and waste waters.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the working efficiency by increasing the filter cycle, reducing the cost of cleaning the liquid and ensuring the high quality of its cleaning.

Fig. 1 shows a general view of the filter in section, the state of cleaning (fibers are laid horizontally); Fig. 2 is the same, the regeneration state (the fibers hang freely); on fig.Z - section along aa and in figure 2.

The filter includes a housing 1, with rows of perforated fixed 2 placed inside it along its height, 2 fixed on the housing of partitions and movable 3 fixed on the shaft 4 of partitions. On movable 2 partitions, a filtering layer is fixed in the form of fiber sections 5, made, for example, of ones fixed at one end, other options for fastening fibers are possible. The housing 1 is equipped with nozzles 6 supply and outlet 7 of the liquid, and the first is connected to the housing tangentially. The distance between the fixed 2 and the lower movable 3 partitions located below decreases as they move away from the fluid supply nozzle 6. The shaft 4, with the partitions 3 fixed on it, is mounted with the possibility of vertical reciprocating movement and rotation by means of an actuator. It is made in the form of a float 8, mounted on the upper end

J ate with XJ

shaft 4. The float is equipped with blades 9 installed with the possibility of fixed rotation around the horizontal axes 10. The fixtures for fixing are not shown in the drawings. Above the movable 3 partitions the rods 11 are radially fixed with a slope towards the periphery of these partitions. In the upper part of the housing 1 there is a device for adjusting the compression force of the fibers 5. It is made in the form of a rod 12 mounted with the possibility of vertical reciprocating movement in the cavity of the housing 1. This is ensured by the presence of threads on the rod 12 and in the housing 1 (not shown). The shaft 4 in the lower part is provided with an additional float 13 and guides 14 fixed on the fixed partitions 2. The housing 1 in the lower part has a nozzle 15 for draining the wash water. Nozzles b, 7, and 15 are made with stop valves and regulators 16, 17, and 18. For air outlet and air inlet, case 1 is mounted on the housing 1. To monitor the fluid pressure in case 1, it is equipped with a pressure gauge 20.

The filter works as follows.

The cleaned fluid through the nozzle G enters the housing 1 and fills it. When this valve 17 and 18 on the pipes 7 and 15 in the closed position. The water level in the housing 1 rises, and the buoyant forces acting on the floats 8 and 13, contribute to the movement of pal 4 with partitions 3 up. In this case, the fluid supplied through the nozzle 6 connected to the body 1 interacts tangentially with the blades 9 fixed on the float 8. Due to the rotational movement of the feed flow, the float 8 with the shaft 4 and the partitions 3 stuck on it rotate at a speed of 15-20 rpm The rotational speed is adjusted during commissioning by changing the angle of inclination of the blades 9 to the horizon. As this angle increases, the speed of rotation increases, and as it decreases, it decreases. In the process of rotation of the shaft 4 with partitions 4 and rods 11 fixed on the aal, they come into contact with the lower part of the fibers 5, since simultaneously the shaft 4 with elements 3 and 11 moves 4 upwards. In this case, fibers 5 using rods 11 are formed over the cross section of body 1 in the form of an organized horizontal filtration layer, in which the fibers are oriented in one direction (along the rotation of the rods 11 and partitions 3) and form a uniform structure without random mixing. As the shaft 4 moves upwards, the layers of fibers between partitions 2 and 3 are compressed and compacted. When the float 8 with the vanes 9 leaves the feed zone

from the pipe 6, their rotation is sharply reduced, and the compaction of the fibers 5 is carried out due to the upward movement of the partitions under the effect of pushing force on the floats 8 and 13. The compression of the fibers 5 is regulated by limiting the movement of the floats 8, 13 and the partitions 3, fixing them at a predetermined mark by means of the rod 12, as a result of this rotation the float is stopped. After fixation of the partitions, an upper filter layer is formed, middle and lower, in which the pore sizes between the fibers 5 decrease as the fluid to be cleaned decreases, as the distance between the fixed 2 and below located 3 moving partitions increases, the compression force of the fibers 5 increases in this direction. increases the filter capacity and increases the filter cycle.

The pressure gauge 20 controls the predetermined fluid pressure in the housing 1, after which the reinforcement 17 is moved to the Open position and the process of filtering the liquid through three layers of fibers 5 begins.

At the end of the filter cycle, the filter is turned off for regeneration. The armature 17 is moved to the Closed position, and the armature 18 is in the Open position. At the same time, the flow rate of the supplied fluid or the flow rate of the fluid that is discharged through the nozzle 15 is regulated to ensure the drop in pressure of the fluid in the housing 1 and to decrease the level of the fluid in it. In this case, the floats 8, 13, the shaft 4 and the partitions Z. move downward, the compacted fibers 5 are unclenched and the contaminants are removed from their layers. As the float 8 moves down, it gets into the zone of swirling fluid flow coming from the nozzle b

and begins to rotate with partitions 3. The fibers 5, in contact with the rods 11, oscillate, which intensifies the process of their regeneration. To ensure uniformity of fiber regeneration throughout the entire cross section of housing 1, the rods 11 are fixed with a slope to the periphery of the partitions and radially, since the linear speed of movement of the rods on the periphery is higher, then their intensity

the fibers there will be higher than in the central part of the housing 1. Fastening the rods in an appropriate way helps to eliminate this technical contradiction by reducing the distance between the rods 11 in the central part of the housing 1 and

reducing the time of contact of the fibers 5 with the rods as they move away from the center of the body in the process of moving elements 8 and 3 down. At the same time, their rotation at the same time contributes to the creation of conditions for effective regeneration of the load due to increased turbulence in the regenerating fluid. Wash water passes into this part of housing 1 and is discharged through pipe 18. After regeneration of the fibers 5, the armature on pipe 18 is moved to the Closed position and the level of the liquid in the body rises, etc. The plunger 19 in the process of filtration and regeneration releases and lets in air from the housing 1.

Performing the drive in the form of a float with blades provides control of the movement of the partitions 3 without the power consumption of the drive and eliminates the need for a retractable rod, which significantly reduces the height of the filter and the power consumption for operating the lifting device. The compression of the filtering fiber material before filtration and its unwinding with simultaneous shaking is carried out only under the influence of forces from the float and the injected fluid.

Installing the blades with the possibility of a fixed rotation around the horizontal axis allows you to adjust the speed of rotation of the shaft with partitions within the optimum speeds of their rotation.

The installation of an additional shaft at the lower end of the shaft, the float 13 facilitates the movement of the shaft 4 with partitions 3 at the initial stage of filling the housing 1 with liquid and laying and compressing the fibers. The magnitude of the buoyancy force acting on this float at the final stage of squeezing the fibers makes it possible to create considerable forces necessary to provide the specified pore sizes between the fibers.

Thus, the filter for cleaning the fluid allows to increase the efficiency by increasing the dirt penetration of the filter layer, ensuring the organization of a uniform structure of this layer, ensuring an increase in the intensity of regeneration of the fiber layer over the entire cross section of the filter layer, using a non-energy-intensive drive for movement and rotation. moving partitions, providing adjustment of the speed of their rotation, ensuring the movement of partitions at the initial stage of filling the body with liquid, allows uv Improve the filter cycle, reduce the cost of cleaning the fluid and ensure the high quality of its cleaning.

Claims (4)

Claim 1. A filter for cleaning a fluid, comprising a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles, filter elements made in the form of fibers placed between movable and stationary water-permeable partitions installed along the height of the housing, while the density of the fiber layers increases as the fluid moves, the pins and an actuator, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of cleaning the liquid, reduce energy consumption and increase the efficiency of regeneration of filter elements, the movable partitions are installed on the drive shaft with the possibility of periodic rotation, the drive is made in the form of a float mounted on the upper end of the shaft and made around the perimeter with blades installed with the possibility of a fixed rotation around the horizontal axis, while the fibers are fixed on fixed partitions, and the inlet pipe fluid mounted on the body tangentially at the top. 2. A filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the shaft is provided with radially arranged rods mounted above the fixed grates with a slope towards the periphery of the partitions. 3. Filter pop.1, characterized in that it is provided with a device for adjusting the squeezing force of fibers located in the upper part of the body, made in the form of a rod mounted with the possibility of reciprocating movement in the body. 4. A filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the shaft has an additional float in the lower part. w  - & $ Ja 1 $ JA% nineteen Fi.Z