SU1753001A1 - Method of operation of piston engine and piston engine - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: in piston expansion machines. Purpose: to simplify the design. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The supply of working fluid to the cylinder: is carried out continuously through the inlet port, while the pressure difference at the inlet and outlet of the inlet port is more than 2/3 of the magnitude, which provides a supercritical pressure difference between the inlet and outlet. The engine includes a housing 1 in which a cylinder 2 is placed with an inlet 3, made in the form of a narrowing nozzle, and an outlet 4. In the cylinder there is a piston 5 connected to the movement conversion mechanism 7. Positive effect: simplified engine design by eliminating intake valve 0 2 p.p0L-ly, 1 sludge. From ucmowt / ka gas constant-i th X h SP W W o o h

Description

The invention relates to rotary pneumatic actuators, in particular to piston expansion machines (steam engines, air motors, etc.).

A known method of operation of a piston engine, including the flow of the working fluid through the inlet of the cylinder into the working cavity, its expansion and release from the working cavity. In this way, the supply of the working fluid is made intermittently depending on the angle of rotation of the koyoyoy of the shaft, which is carried out by means of 4 distribution (spool) devices.

A piston engine is known, comprising a housing in which a cylinder with inlet and outlet openings is located, and a piston mounted therein with the possibility of forming a working cavity and kinematically associated with a movement conversion mechanism with

The disadvantage of the known method and piston engine is that interrupting the flow of the working fluid, depending on the angle of rotation of the crankshaft, requires the use of complex precision valve-distributing (spool) devices. This often makes it impossible to use such engines as a notch inlet, which is located with the possibility of constant communication (with the working cavity of the cylinder).

increase the efficiency of the inlet is made in the form of a converging nozzle.

It is the implementation of the inlet in the form of a nozzle with constant communication with the working cavity of the cylinder ensures the continuous supply of the working fluid into the working cavity of the cylinder, which ensures the implementation of the proposed method of operation of a piston engine.

Pa drawing shows a piston engine that implements the proposed method.

Piston engine consists of a housing 1 in which cylinder 2 is placed

with an inlet 3, made in the form of a converging nozzle, and an outlet 4. In the cylinder, a piston 5 is installed, forming together with it a working cavity 6. The piston is kinematically connected with the movement conversion mechanism 7. The intake port opens with a piston not income until BMI,

The working fluid, for example, a compressed air source of an external constant pressure source, is fed through a converging nozzle 3 into the working cavity 6. The pressure in the working cavity is always lower than in an external source, while

the tool water is in the factory, the pressure at the inlet to the inlet — when the air for powering the pioneer inlet hole is greater than 2/3 of the value is polluted with sand and water, is complicated by the supercritical design of the air motor, the pressure difference between input and output increases its cost. The larger house has an inlet orifice 3, therefore, the types of valve-distribution TO types of air are continuously supplied to the working

(spool) devices cannot operate at high (over 20,000 rpm) rotational speeds. As a result, existing piston air motors are low-speed (up to 3000 rpm). All this narrows the scope of application of piston-1 engines. In particular, they cannot be used for hand grinders.

cavity 6. As a result, the pressure in the working cavity increases and the piston 5 of the TDC moves in THEM

The linear movement of the piston 5 through 45 through the movement conversion mechanism 7 is converted into a rotational movement. No income to BDC, the piston 5 opens the outlet 4 and the air goes into the atmosphere. Pressure The purpose of the invention is to simplify the con-50 in the working cavity 6 falls. The piston of the piston engine is constructed by applying the method of its operation under the action of the moment of inertia forces, which does not require interrupting the flow of the working fluid through the inlet.

This goal is achieved by supplying the working fluid to the working cavity of the cylinder of a piston engine continuously, regardless of the angle of rotation of the crankshaft of the aggregate, driven by the engine through the motion conversion mechanism 7, moves in TDC, overcoming the increasing force of air pressure on it. The cycle is repeated.

Example. According to the proposed method, air under absolute pressure was supplied to the piston engine. The linear movement of the piston 5 through the motion conversion mechanism 7 is converted into rotational motion. No income to BDC, the piston 5 opens the outlet 4 and the air goes into the atmosphere. The pressure in the working cavity 6 drops. Piston under the action of the moment of inertia

the unit driven by the engine through the mechanism 7 of the movement 7 is moved in the TDC, overcoming the increasing force of air pressure on it. The cycle is repeated.

Example. According to the proposed method, air was supplied to a piston engine at an absolute pressure of 0.6 MPa with a temperature of 290 K. At that, the exhaust was produced in an atmosphere of | pv and the engine worked steadily with a frequency depending on the load j from 6000 rpm to 10,000 rpm (idle) o

The sample of the piston engine with which the tests were carried out was created in accordance with the proposed 10 piston engine and had the following design parameters: a working volume of 10 cm3; volume above piston at TDC 7 cm3; piston stroke 22 mm; piston diameter 24 mm; nozzle throat diameter 3 mm (area 7.07 mm2); the angle measured from the HIT, at which the opening of the exhaust opening occurs, is 110 °.

The proposed piston engine can be used as a drive for a low-power pneumatic hand grinder.

A known machine of the ShG brand with an abrasive tool diameter of 15 mm 25 has a power of 0, .038 kW at a rotation speed of 3000 rad / s with a compressed air consumption of 0.2 m3 / min. The mass of this machine is 0.44 kg.

The piston engine, developed according to the invention with a working volume of only 2.5 cm3, has a power of 0.050 kW and an air flow of 0.18 m3 / min at the same rotation frequency. The mass of such an engine is 35 kg or 0.15 kg. Thus, the proposed piston engine gives a positive effect. In addition, polo15

20

thirty

j

10 300 T6

This effect can occur by reducing the frequency of tonal noise to the same frequency of rotation, i.e. about 500 Hz, while the tonal noise of the turbine and rotary machines is 4-15 times their rotational speed. Reducing the frequency of tonal noise will improve working conditions.

Claims (2)

1. A method of operating a piston engine, including the flow of working fluid through the inlet of a cylinder into the working cavity, its expansion and release from the working cavity, O T L and This is so that, in order to simplify the design, the working fluid is supplied continuously, while maintaining the pressure at the inlet to the inlet is greater than 2/3 of the value, providing a supercritical pressure differential between the inlet and outlet holes. 2. A piston engine comprising a housing in which a cylinder with inlets and outlets is placed, and a piston mounted therein with the possibility of forming a working cavity and kinematically associated with a motion conversion mechanism, characterized in that, in order to increase efficiency, the inlet opening completed in the form of a narrowing nozzle located with the possibility of constant communication with the working cavity of the cylinder.