SU1749440A1 - Hydraulic striker for drilling with aerated flushing fluid - Google Patents

Abstract

Use: mining, for state drilling of wells for various purposes. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The hydraulic hammer contains an additional elastic element and a pressure chamber. The elastic element is located between the upper adapter and the valve, the injection chamber is above the upper adapter and is made in the form of a closed annular cavity. The latter is formed concentrically mounted pipes and in its lower part is hydraulically communicated with the central channel. 3 or

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to mining, in particular, to hydraulic hammers of exploratory drilling.

Hydraulic hammers are of various designs, but in the practice of exploratory drilling, hydraulic hammers of direct action, as the simplest and most reliable in operation, are most common.

A hydraulic hammer is known, which includes a hollow cylindrical body, an slotted coupling assembly with an anvil, a spring-loaded firing hammer, a spring-loaded valve, an upper adapter with a central flushing channel and a seal. The operation of the hydraulic hammer is associated with the control of the flow of the injection fluid and the formation of hydraulic pressure, which creates forces for the reciprocating movement of the striker and delivering useful blows to the anvil. This happens automatically due to shutting off the fluid flow with a valve in the upper position of the striker and opening it in the lower position, at which the fluid receives free movement. Under the action of the hydraulic impact pressure, the dredge moves downwards, simultaneously compressing the spring of the dies and the valve. When the valve is opened and the hydraulic impact pressure is removed, the firing pin will move by inertia by the amount of free play before colliding with the anvil, and then under the action of the force of the compressed spring will return to the initial upper position, where the valve will again shut off the flow of the fluid and the cycle will repeat. The speed of the impact of the striker and the anvil forms the useful energy of the hydraulic hammer.

Experience of using a hydraulic hammer for drilling with aerated fluids

X |

but

(foam) showed its practical inoperability. This is due to the fact that the physical properties of the aerated liquid are significantly different from the dense liquid. The presence of an air phase in the liquid adversely affects the amount of formation of the initial hydrostatic impulse, which becomes insufficient to move the striker downward with the corresponding impact from the anvil.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of a hydraulic hammer when drilling using aerated fluid.

This goal is achieved by the fact that a hydraulic hammer, comprising a hollow cylindrical body, a spline coupling assembly with an anvil, a spring-loaded firing hammer, a spring-loaded valve, an upper adapter with a central flushing channel and a seal the element is located between the upper adapter and the valve, and the pressure chamber is located above the upper adapter and is made in the form of a closed annular cavity, concentric pipes, with the annular cavity in its lower part hydraulically communicated with the central channel.

As a result of this technical solution, it is possible to form an additional initial impulse of force due to the force of an additional elastic element (spring) during the return stroke of the striker and accumulation of the energy of the fluid flow in the discharge chamber in the immediate vicinity of the hydraulic hammer. The implementation of the force of this spring and the pressure of the fluid in the discharge chamber compensates for the lack of a powerful hydrostatic impulse of the flow of aerated fluid when the valve is closed. This makes it possible to use a hydraulic hammer when drilling with aerated fluid and to improve the energy performance of the hydraulic hammer.

Figure 1 shows the hydraulic hammer, a longitudinal section; figure 2 - section aa in figure 1; on fig.Z - section bb in figure 1.

The hydraulic hammer includes a splined adapter 1, a splined coupling 2, forming a splined coupling assembly, an anvil 3, a hammer 4 with a spring 5, a hammer bar b, a middle adapter 7 with a sealing lip 8, a valve 9 with a spring 10, a spring 11, an upper adapter 12 with a central bore 13 , connecting body 14, outer pipe 15, inner pipe 16,

the coupling adapter 17, the annular space between the pipes 15 and 16 forms the discharge chamber 18, which in the lower part is connected by an opening 19 s

central hole 13.

Hydraulic hammer works as follows.

The hydraulic hammer is installed as part of the drill bit under the rock-breaking tool (for the core drilling - above the core set). When the drill bit is lowered into the well or when it is lifted under the weight of the core set, the spline adapter 1 together with the striker 4 is lowered down and forms a gap between the end of the rod 6 and the valve 9. Before setting the drill bit to the bottom, the flushing aerated fluid is fed, which is free

0 passes through the slot and then to the bottom of the well, and a closed circulation is created. As a result, the well is cleared of sludge, and the drill string is free to face the well. In this case, under the action of the bottom reaction and the weight of the drill bit, the spline adapter 1 and the striker 4 will rise up and the end of the rod 6 will come into contact with the valve 9. The gap between the end of the rod 6 and

0, valve 9 closes and the flow of the liquid is blocked.

In the injection system, the required pressure of the aerated liquid is accumulated, under the action of which the firing pin 4

5, together with the valve 9, will quickly move downward until the valve 9 stops in the adapter 7, then the striker is detached from the valve 9 and, by inertia, continues movement until the impact of the anvil 3, until the liquid again receives

0 free movement.

After that, the hammer 4 and the valve 9 under the action of the force of the compressed springs return upwards and their articulation will occur, which is accompanied by the overlapping of the fluid flow. At the moment of articulation of the striker 4 and the valve 9 in the upper part, the head will have the maximum speed of its movement upwards and the corresponding kinematic energy. Thanks to you and

0 the elastic compliance of the flow of aerated liquid and the presence of an air cushion in the discharge chamber, the kinematic energy of the striker will be absorbed by the deformation of the spring 11 and partial accumulation

5 additional pressure in the discharge chamber. When the brake zero speed is reached, the firing pin will again receive a downward movement, but already under the action of the total load from the hydrostatic and static pressure and the spring compression force

11, and the cycle is repeated. The effectiveness of the hydraulic hammer is enhanced and the possibility of hydraulic hammer drilling with the use of aerated flushing fluid is created.

Thus, the application of the proposed hydraulic hammer will ensure its effective use in drilling with aerated fluids.

Claims (1)

The invention of the hydraulic hammer for drilling with aerated flushing fluid, comprising a hollow cylindrical body, a spline joint assembly with an anvil, a spring-loaded firing hammer, a spring-loaded valve, an upper adapter with / 7 a central flushing channel and compaction, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of the hydraulic hammer when drilling with aerated flushing fluid, it is equipped with an additional elastic element and a pressure chamber, the additional elastic element being placed between the upper adapter and the valve, and the discharge chamber is located above the upper adapter and is made in the form of a closed annular cavity formed by concentrically installed tubes, while the annular cavity in its the lower part is hydraulically communicated with the central channel. ll FIG. 2 P-fi 2 Rig 3