SU1748706A1 - Method and apparatus for application of fertilizer mixtures on soil surface - Google Patents

Abstract

Use: mixing tukov and uniform distribution of fluid with different appearance on the soil. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: Each bunker 1 is loaded with tukas of a certain fraction, and the far bunkers 1 are loaded with tukas with greater windage, and when unloading tukas with greater winding are dispersed on a longer path to the outlet than the tanks with less windage in order to get the same speed tuk of all fractions in the outlet of the embarking device. 2 with p. F-ly, 3 ill.

Description

Phie.1

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to the construction of machines for the distribution of fertilizer mixtures, and can be used in the design of machines for the uniform distribution of these materials.

A known apparatus for the simultaneous seeding of materials that differ in size and weight of particles.

The method of applying fertilizer mixtures to the soil consists in loading the dispensers of the apparatus with the components of the fertilizer mixture applied by the apparatus and is carried out without first mixing in different containers, depending on the required dosage. When the bowl rotates, the material under the action of centrifugal force and air flow along the material lines is directed to the settling chamber, where heavier particles under the action of centrifugal force are deposited on the chamber walls and sown through the bottom opening of the chamber. Lighter particles together with air rise in the ascending pipe to the place of sowing by ordinary working bodies, i.e. the material with heavier particles is sown by gravity.

An apparatus for carrying out this method consists of dispensers of large and small doses, a conical feeder, a rotating distribution bowl connected by nozzles to precipitation chambers having sowing holes.

The disadvantage of such a method of applying fertilizer mixtures to the soil and devices for its implementation is to reduce the quality of distribution of fertilizer applied over the soil surface due to sticking of the openings of the chamber, on the walls of which fertilizers are deposited. In addition, particles of different sails have different speeds and from here they are scattered unevenly over different widths, thereby reducing the quality of the distribution of fertilizers over the soil surface.

Closest to the invention is a fertilizer mixer-spreader.

The method of making mixed fertilizers on the soil consists in loading each compartment with one of the components of the mixture depending on the size and mass of the particles, i.e., the windage and as a result of their dosing and mixing, they are fed to the meta-meters in relative rest. Each type of fertilizer is conveyed to the mixing auger by means of conveyor, through which the mixed mixture is prepared and fed through the mixer to the sweepers with which it spreads over the floor surface.

The fertilizer spreader contains a body divided by compartments into partitions. The bottom of each compartment is made in the form of a longitudinal belt

conveyor belt, under which the mixing auger is installed.

The disadvantage of this method of applying fertilizer mixtures to the soil and the device for its implementation is damage to the fertilizer fertilizer by the screw during their mechanical mixing, as well as separation of the fertilizer mixtures when they are introduced by throwing working bodies of different windage fed to the thrower in the state

5 quiescence, when the application is made, t is at different speeds, i.e., they are separated, which drastically reduces the quality of the application.

The aim of the invention is a more uniform distribution of tukas with different

0 sail on the surface of the soil.

The goal is achieved by the fact that with the method of introducing mixtures onto the soil containing separate loading of the bunkers and unloading them into the distribution device, loading of the bins is carried out in different fractions, and the fractions are arranged from the start of the discharge route to the distribution device in decreasing order. the windage of the fat, while

By unloading the fractions with a greater sail size of the tukas, they are dispersed more quickly than the fractions with a smaller sail area of the tukas.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in the device for introducing the mixtures onto the soil, containing the chassis, the frame, the material line with the feeding device and the distribution device, the feeding device is in the form of a pneumatic line with successively installed on it

0 ejectors or in the form of parallel pneumatic lines with ejectors at the beginning of each of them, and the ejectors are installed under the hoppers

FIG. 1 shows a device for

5 application of fertilizer mixtures on the soil, side view; in fig. 2 - the same. top view (in the case of a series connection of an ejector system); in fig. 3 - the same (in the variant of parallel unloading of the bins of the central tank).

The device has a central capacity consisting of bins 1 (the number of bins 1 must be at least two and their number depends on the number of

5 mixtures components). In the lower part of each bunker 1 there are located feeders 2 and metering devices 3 connected with a feeding device.

The feeding device is either a pneumatic conduit that can be made in

in the form of ejectors 4 connected in series with a single material conduit 5 with a bore-distributing device b, or are they parallel autonomous independent pneumatic lines for each bunker 1 with ejectors 7 (at the beginning of each of them) connected by material lines 8 with a tuko-distributing device 6. Moreover, ejectors 4 and 7 are installed under the hoppers 1.

The method of making mixed fertilizers on the soil is carried out as follows.

Various types of fertilizers (fines mixture fractions) are loaded into the hopper 1, and the fines mixture fractions are located from the beginning of the unloading route in the order of decreasing windage of the fat. When unloading, the fractions with a greater sail size of the fat are accelerated along a longer path of the pipelines 5 and 8, than the fractions of the mixed mixtures with a lesser windage of the fat, which makes it possible to obtain an equalization of the speed of different types of mineral fertilizers at the outlet in the distribution devices 6.

Device for making fertilizer mixtures on the soil works as follows.

Various types of fertilizers (mixed fertilizer fractions), filling the hoppers 1 of the central tank, through the metering devices 3. are fed by feeders 2 simultaneously to the ejectors 4 sequentially connected by a single material conduit 5, but installed under each bunker 1. Components of the fertilizer mixture in the material conduit 5 are picked up by the air flow coming from the compressed air source, are mixed along the entire length of the 5th piping 5 during the movement and arrive at the displacement devices 6, having the same speed, and are distributed equal to about the soil surface

In case the feeding device is made in the form of parallel autonomous independent pneumatic lines, from each bunker 1, the aggregate component filling it, through the metering device 3, is fed by the feeder 2 to a separate ejector 7 installed under this bunker 1, and through a material line 8 in which caught by the air stream coming from the compressed air source, they are fed to the mast control device 6.

All components of the mixture from all bins

1, irrespective of the particle windage, are fed to the torsion dispenser b, having identical speeds, and are distributed evenly over the soil surface. Mixing the components of the mixture passes

0 in flight or already on the ground.

The feasibility advantage of the proposed method of making mixed fertilizers on the soil and devices for its implementation in comparison with the known

5 lies in the fact that, regardless of the weight and size of the particles, the various materials that are the constituent components of the fertilizer mixture, all of them have an alignment at the outlet to the distribution gear.

0 speed, which allows them to evenly and efficiently distribute them over the soil surface.

25

Claims (2)

1. A method of introducing fertilizer mixtures onto the soil, including the separate loading of bunkers, and their unloading into a distribution system, characterized in that a more even distribution of the tusks with different windage along the soil surface, the bunker is loaded with different fractions, and the fractions are located from the beginning of the discharge path to The torsion distribution device in the order of decrease in the fatness of the fat, while discharging the fraction with the greater windage of the fat is dispersed in a greater way than the fraction with the lesser windage of the fat. 2. A device for introducing fertilizer mixtures onto the soil, which contains a chassis, a frame, silos with tukas sequentially installed on it, a material pipeline with a feeding device and a distribution box A device, characterized in that the feeding device is made in the form of a pneumatic conduit with successively installed ejectors on it or in the form of parallel pneumatic conduits with ejectors at the beginning of each of them, with ejectors installed under the bunkers. / FIG. 2 g Fig.Z