SU1745977A1 - Method of forming cavities in filling material, being set - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to mining and can be used in the development of mineral deposits of the system. WOLF in the case of hardening systems. The goal. the invention is to reduce the material and labor costs for cavity formation in the tab by reducing the amount of work on the construction of insulating bridges when performing through cavities of the required length from the previously formed cavity. To do this, during installation, the elastic container (EE) is positioned in such a way that its ends are fed into the cavity (P) 4, previously formed in the solidified filling mass, and into the output (B) 3 for a length exceeding half the diameter of the cavity being formed, the rest EE is suspended in the developed space on the cable 2. Simultaneously with the filling of the filling mixture (ES) into the developed space (EF) under the EE in the last sub2 1 at IS 4, b lect VI XI

Description

Compressed air 10 is in place to create a pressure in it that exceeds the pressure of a liquid CS to the lower part of EC, which ensures the sealing of the previously formed cavity and B. Until the ES reaches a level of half the design height of the formed P, simultaneously with the continuation of the feed of the bookmark, air supply 11 is supplied to the EP, ousted from it

The air, while the amount of water supplied to the AE and the air displaced from it, is controlled so that the pressure in the AE remains above the pressure of the CZ liquid to the lower part of the AE and by the time the feedstock stops feeding into the AE space developed, it is completely filled with water. 6 Il.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to mining and can be used in the development of mineral deposits with hardening-laying systems.

A known method of mounting the formwork to form a cavity in a hardening filling mass, consists in that, prior to feeding the filling material in the developed space, the top and two lower longitudinal cables are suspended at the top or side of the formation, and the bottom attached anchors in the soil; hanging transverse fasteners, made in the form of a sling with bark at the ends; rigidly connected with longitudinal cables and evenly spaced along them. The developed space is filled with a hardening mixture until the base of the formed excavation by immersing the ends of the sling with the crust into the mixture. After the latter has hardened, the elastic water- and air-tight casing is pulled through the fixed slings, which is filled with liquid to the required pressure. Then the developed space is completely filled with a hardening mixture, and after curing with a filling mass, the liquid is drained from the shell and removed to reuse it.

The disadvantages of this method are the complexity and laboriousness of mounting fasteners in connection with a large number of fasteners; increased consumption of materials due to the need to use cables, fasteners to compensate for the pushing forces acting on the filled shell from the side of the liquid bookmark; the need to manufacture the shell of an elastic and durable material due to significant loads on

it, due to the action of pushing forces; high material and labor costs for the formation of workings, the final length of which exceeds the length

shell.

There is a method of forming a cavity in a hardening filling mass, which consists in placing an elastic container in the developed space,

filing the filling material into the developed space to a level exceeding the lower boundary of the design contour of the future generation by an amount not less than half the design height of the formed

development, filling of an elastic container and a filler with a volume weight of not more than two times less than the volume weight of the filling mixture up to a capacity of a given form of production, sealing

lines of joints of the filled container and hardened bookmark; feeding of filling material until the filled space is completely filled and the capacity is removed after the strength has been built up by the filling mass.

The disadvantage of this method is the high material and labor costs for the formation of cavities, the final length of which exceeds the length of the elastic tank, since each time the whole cycle of work is carried out anew, and the bulkheads erected in the workings are successively dismantled.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the method by reducing the material and labor costs for the formation of a cavity in the tab by reducing the amount of work on the construction of insulating bridges when performing through

cavities of the required length of the previously formed cavity.

The goal is achieved by the fact that with the method of forming cavities in a hardening filling mass, including mounting an elastic container in the developed space, filling it with a filler to receive a capacitance of a predetermined cross section of the cavity, feeding the filling mixture to half the design height of the formed cavity, sealing the junction line the filled tank with the contours of the mine workings and the cavity previously formed in the hardened filling mass, the further feeding of the filling mixture until the complete filling When the installation is completed, the ends of the elastic container are placed in the mine workings and the cavity previously formed in the hardened filling mass for a length exceeding half the diameter of the cavity being formed, initially as a filler compressed air is used, and until the filling mixture reaches a level of half the design height of the cavity simultaneously with the continuation of the filing of the tab into the container as e filler nagneta- dissolved water pressure greater than the pressure of the liquid phase of filling mixture to the lower part of the container, wherein the time of stopping the water supply Bookmarks filled whole container.

The arrangement of the ends of the elastic tank in the mine workings and in the cavity previously formed in the hardened filling mass for a length exceeding half the diameter of the cavity being formed, and using initially as a filler compressed air, it provides sealing of the interfaces of the developed space with the previously formed cavity and - which by increasing the radial dimensions of the container under the action of the pressure of the filler. At the same time, this allows the filled container to be fixed in the design position both by fixing its ends, and due to the fact that the weight of the container filled with air is almost equal to its weight in the unfilled state, hence the “displacement of the container in the vertical direction will not occur.

Injecting water into the tank until the filling mixture reaches a level of half the design height of the cavity while simultaneously continuing to feed the tab allows you to displace air from the tank by continuously maintaining pressure in the tank, which seals the interfaces of the developed space to the previously formed cavity and protrudes the whole period of feeding the filling mixture, which is achieved by controlling the amount of water supplied and the air displaced; to maintain the capacity in the design position during the filing of the bookmark due to the compensation of buoyancy forces with the weight of the water supplied to the container to ensure that the tank is completely filled with water by the moment of stopping the supply of the filling mixture to the developed space, when its level has reached half the design height of the cavity being formed.

FIG. 1 shows a container placed in the worked-out space and filled with compressed air; in fig. 2 - the position of the tank at the moment of supplying water to it and continuing to supply the hardening mixture to the developed space; in fig. 3 shows section A-A in FIG. 2; in fig. 4 - position of the tank filled with water at the moment of stopping the filling of the filling mixture; FIG. 5 shows a section BB in FIG. four; in fig. 6 - the position of the container when the developed space is completely filled with a hardening mixture.

The method is carried out as follows.

After mining minerals; Go through the worked-out space 1 a cable 2 is thrown, which is fixed in the roof of the mine working 3 and in the roof of the cavity 4, previously formed in the hardened filling mass (figure 1). An elastic container 5 is suspended in a collapsed state on a cable outside the developed space. With the help of files, thrown through the developed space, the capacity of the cable is moved to the design position. At the same time, the container is arranged in such a way that its ends are located in one of the previously formed cavity 4, the other in development 3. The magnitude by which the ends of the container are driven into cavity 4 and production 3 exceeds half the diameter of the cavity being formed. Such an arrangement of the ends of the container allows to ensure the tightness of the lines of conjugation of the previously formed cavity and the development with the developed space when the latter is hardening the filling mixture. A supply 6 and a discharge 7 hoses are attached to the tank, as well as a control apparatus 8 (pressure gauge).

Simultaneously with supplying the spent space under the capacity of the filling mixture 9 into the container, compressed air 10 is supplied to create a pressure in it determined from relation (1) and exceeding the pressure of the liquid filling mixture to the lower part of the capacity, but not exceeding the filling capacity

20 RH

 Rraz Rn Rz

g

where PH is the pressure of the filler capacity, Pa;

Рз - pressure of the liquid filling mixture on the lower part of the tank, Pa;

Rraz - destructive capacity pressure filler, Pa;

Tras - design resistance of the material to the capacity of the load, N / m;

20RH - normative resistance to rupture of 1 pm of material of container, N;

K - factor of safety; Ultrasound g density of the filling material, kg / m3;

q - free fall acceleration, m / s2.

Since the weight of the filler material of the container (compressed air 10) is close to zero, the effect from the side of the filled container to the cable 2 is almost equal to the impact on it of an unfilled container, and therefore the capacity does not shift from the design position in the vertical plane. At the same time, in the free area (in the open space 1) the container is suspended on the cable 2, and in the areas where its ends are located, the container is adjacent to the walls of the excavation 3 and cavity 4, providing insulation of the existing excavation 3 and the previously formed cavity 4 due to occurring in the material of the container due to the difference of the radial expansion of the latter under the action of excess pressure of the filler in the free area and in the sections of the excavation and cavity.

When the filling mixture 9 of the lower contour of the cavity being formed (Fig. 2 and 3) reaches the tank through the hose 6, simultaneously with the continuation of the filling of the filling mixture into the developed space, water 11 begins to be displaced, the air in the hose 7 is displaced. The capacity of the water and the air displaced from it is regulated depending on the amount of filling mixture fed into the developed space so that, firstly, the pressure in the tank will constantly remain above the pressure of the liquid filling mixture. and on the lower part of the tank, secondly, so that the pushing forces acting on the filled tank from the side of the liquid filling mixture are compensated by weight

water supplied to the tank. Performance

second condition, taking into account the ratio

bulk weights of water and bookmark material,

- approximately 0.5, is reached

5 maintaining the height of the water column in the tank, twice the level of the liquid bookmark. A container filled with water, subject to the above conditions, floats on the surface of the liquid basic mixture in the design position. The filling mixture does not penetrate into the generation 3 and cavity 4, because the pressure of the filler, which is constantly maintained in the tank, prevents the bottom

15 of the container 5, and its ends are not displaced, since they are fixed in the excavation and cavity, and the capacity is not displaced from the design position.

The filling of the filling mixture into the developed space is stopped at the moment when its level has reached half the design height of the cavity being formed (Figs. 4 and 5). In order to maintain the condition of horizontal (design position) capacity at this point should be completely filled with water and float on the surface of the liquid filling mixture, immersed into it at half its diameter (based on the ratio of the volume of water and the material of the bookmark).

After setting the backfill array 12, the line 13 of the joints of the filled container 5 and the hardened bookmark 12 is sealed with an additional feed.

35 water into the tank before creating in it an overpressure, determined from the ratio (2) and exceeding the pressure of the liquid-laying column, but not exceeding the pressure-depleting filler,

40 defined in the ratio (1)

Rraz Rn Uz N-e. (2)

where H is the height of the liquid column, m. By increasing the overpressure, the tank will increase its radial

45 dimensions, due to which sealing of line 13 of joints and additional sealing of lines of interface of the developed space 1 with generation 3 and cavity 4 are carried out.

50 Thereafter, a liquid filling mixture is supplied to the developed space to a level not exceeding the level determined from the relation (2). The filling material does not penetrate into the production and the cavity formed before it does not occur, since excessive pressure of the filling material prevents the upper part from seeing tanks weight liquid filling mixture.

After the required strength has been gained by the filling mass, water is removed from the tank. By reducing the radial dimensions, the tank will be separated from the filling mass and fall onto the soil of the formed cavity, from where it is removed for reuse. Then complete filling of the developed space with filling mixture is performed.

Sequential execution of the above operations as the front of the mining operations moves allows a cavity of the required length to be formed.

By reducing the amount of work in the formation of cavities whose length exceeds the length of the elastic container, the main advantages of the proposed method are achieved.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A method of forming cavities in a solid filling mass, including mounting an elastic tank in the developed space, filling it with filler to receive a capacity of a predetermined cavity section, feeding the filling mixture to half the design height of the cavity being formed, sealing the junction line of the filled tank with mining outlines and the cavity previously formed in the solidified mortgage array, the further supply of the filling mixture to the complete filling of the developed space, the termination filling material and removing the capacity after the set-strength of the filling array, characterized in that, in order to reduce material and labor costs for cavity formation in the tab by reducing the amount of work on the construction of insulating bridges when performing through cavities of the required length from the previously formed cavity, when mounted, the ends of the elastic tank are placed in the mine workings and the cavity, previously formed in the hardened filling mass, for a length exceeding half the diameter is formed cavities, initially, compressed air is used as a filler, and until the filling mixture reaches the level of half the design height of the cavity, simultaneously with the continuation of the filing into the container, water is injected with pressure exceeding the pressure of the liquid phase of the filling mixture to the lower part of the container; fill the entire container. 9 FIG. g I -Si F g4 Bb FIG. 6