SU1743398A1 - Method for presowing treatment of soil and soil- cultivating implement - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to agriculture. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality and reduce the time of pre-sowing tillage, reduce energy consumption for its implementation by improving crumbling and leveling the top layer. When the device moves across the field with a translational speed, the paws conduct a soilless loosening to a depth of plowing with a variable velocity affecting the formation, which is the result of two components: the translational velocity and the vibration velocity. The range of impact on the soil depends on the physicomechanical properties of the soil and the longitudinal rigidity of the rack. The spring harrows following the stands, oriented at an angle to the direction of movement, due to the transverse component of the velocity, move the particles in the horizontal plane parallel and perpendicular to the direction of loosening to the sowing depth. This allows the crumbling and leveling of the soil in the sowing layer without bringing the lower, more humid soil layers to the floor surface. Due to the orientation of the spring teeth, the frequency range of the impact on the soil is increased, which contributes to a better crumbling of the soil. 2 sec. and 3 z. p. f-ly, 3 ill. (l J Ј co oo; o oo

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to methods and devices for pre-sowing tillage.

The aim of the invention is to improve the quality and reduce the time of pre-sowing tillage, reduce energy consumption for its implementation by improving the crumbling and leveling the top layer.

FIG. 1 shows a device for carrying out the method, side view; in fig. 2 - the same plan view; in fig. 3 - flow diagrams of the impact of working bodies on the soil (a) stand 2 with paw 3, side view; b) the rack of the known device, rear view; c) harrow tooth, rear view).

The device comprises a frame 1 (FIG. 1) on which spring columns 2 with legs 3 are installed in rows, behind which is located a beam k with spring harrows 5 connected to the frame 1 by a hinged spring-loaded lead 6. Short teeth 7 and alternately are arranged on the beam k long teeth 8. The rows of pillars 2 with paws 3 and the bar 4 with harrows are arranged in a horizontal plane along a V-shaped pattern (Fig. 2) with the apex pointing in the direction of motion, with the longitudinal distance a JL. from tooth 7 to the toe of the paw 3 of the back row and less than the distance ac between the legs of the front and back row. The beam C is installed in a horizontal plane at an angle to the direction of movement (arrow Vn in Fig. 2) so that the teeth 7 and 8 of the harrows are placed at an angle of 10-20 to the longitudinal axis of the device, which coincides with the direction of movement.

The method of preplant tillage is carried out as follows.

When the device moves across the field with a translational speed V, with paws 3, the plowing depth H (Fig. 3A) with a variable speed Vp is carried out and the formation is the result of two components: the translational speed V and the vibration speed Vet1Bp ( 0nr. Za) The range of frequency of impact on the soil depends on the physicomechanical properties of the soil and the longitudinal rigidity of the rack. The following spring harrows 7 and 8, oriented at an angle of 10-20 ° to the direction of movement, are carried out by means of the transverse component of the velocity of V6H6p pop (Fig. 3, c), the movement of particles in the horizontal plane is parallel and perpendicular to the direction of loosening on depth h of sowing (Fig. 3, c). This allows the crumbling and leveling of the soil in the sowing layer without bringing the lower, more humid soil layers to the floor surface. Due to the orientation of the axis of the spring teeth 7 and 8, the frequency range of the impact on the soil is increased, which contributes to a better crumbling of the soil. This range is also increased by alternately installing 4 short teeth 7 and long teeth 8 with different stiffness on the beam.

An additional leveling effect is achieved due to the reduced distance of ac between the tooth 7 and the paw 3 of the back row, which allows an impact

soil particles before they form crests along the stand track, which is typical of known devices

(FIG 3.6).

Claims (3)

By performing a pre-sowing treatment in a single pass without removing the lower layers of soil to the surface with an improved quality of crumbling and leveling, the productivity is increased, the unit cost of fuel is reduced, and the processing time is reduced. Invention Formula one . The method of pre-sowing tillage, including the soil-free loosening of the soil with its subsequent crumbling and leveling, while the operations are carried out at a variable speed on the soil in a longitudinal-vertical plane, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of tillage and reduce energy costs, additional impact with variable speed on the soil particles in the horizontal plane at an acute angle to the direction of loosening, and the frequency range of the impact on soil particles during crumbling and Leveling is more than the frequency range of exposure when loosening. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the crumbling and leveling of the soil are carried out simultaneously, while the tillage is carried out to the depth of the tillage, and the crumbling and leveling to the depth of sowing. 3. A tillage implement containing successively mounted on the frame a row of spring loosening working bodies and a harrow, on the bars of which spring tines are fixed, characterized in that The aim is to improve the quality of tillage and reduce energy consumption, the harrow bars are at an angle to the direction of movement of the gun, and five 0 five 50 each is teeth placed at an angle of 10-2U to longitudinal axis of the gun. . The instrument according to claim 3, The distance from the harrow tines to the toes of the loosening working organs of the back row is less than the distance between the rows of loosening working bodies. H pop Fi.e