SU1742496A1 - Dust catcher - Google Patents

Abstract

The use of the mining industry, the fight against dust during the excavation of mine workings. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The dust collector comprises a housing, nozzles for supplying water, a fan, an annular dust separation chamber, a cyclone, a spraying element and a sludge branch pipe. There are peripheral partitions in the annular chamber. The annular dust separation chamber is located between the working blades of the fan and the spraying element located in the inlet part of the cyclone. The sludge branch pipe is connected to the annular chamber tangentially.

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and is intended to combat dust during mining operations. The invention can be used in the development of dust collectors used in industry where increased efficiency and small dimensions of the dust collector are required.

Dust collectors equipped with fans that suck in dusty air are widely known and used in industry, but their efficiency is reduced due to the low parameters of the fan and because the fan is removed from the dust collector and therefore not fully used to separate the dust. the energy of the flow swirled by the fan blades is utilized.

Dust collectors are known with a fan installed outside the cyclone, with a stream of dusty air being blown by the fan into the cyclone tangentially through the nozzle or twisted in it by a blade vortex for separating dust.

In such dust collectors, the energy of swirling flow in the impeller is not fully utilized, and the dimensions of the dust collector are increased due to the location of the fan outside the cyclone.

A dust collector is known with an axial fan mounted in a cylindrical body (2).

In this dust collector, the cylindrical body at the location of the impellers of the axial fan and the spraying apparatus is made in the form of a circular sludge removal channel, which is connected to the sludge chute with a common sludge drainer due to the increased diameter of the circular sludge removal channel located above the rotor blades, an increased radial clearance is created, due to which there is an increased recirculation of the dusty air flow through this gap.

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formed by a circular channel from the discharge zone to the suction zone of the impellers of the fan. This causes a decrease in pressure and flow through the impellers and leads to a decrease in the efficiency of the dust collector.

Thus, in known dust collectors, the energy of the swirling flow generated in the impeller is not fully utilized, therefore such dust collectors require an increased power consumption and are not sufficiently effective in terms of dust collection.

Dust collectors with a fan outside the cyclone are known, in addition, they have increased dimensions and are inconvenient for use in small rooms, for example, in underground mines.

The aim of the invention is to improve air purification from dust by trapping dust directly behind the fan blades and reducing the recirculation of dusty airflow.

This goal is achieved due to the fact that the dust collector, which includes a housing, in the entrance of which there are nozzles for water supply; located in the case of the fan with blades mounted on the hub of the wheel; an annular dust separation chamber in communication with the outlet part of the body and a cyclone: the spraying element and sludge outlet pipe connected with the annular chamber of the dust separator; the annular chamber is provided with transverse partitions fixed along its periphery, and the distributing element is placed in the inlet part of the cyclone, In this case, the annular dust separation chamber is located between the working blades of the fan wheel and the spraying element, and the sludge outlet pipe is tangentially connected to the annular chamber.

This embodiment of the housing with an annular chamber of the dust collector allows separation, dust collection directly behind the fan blades,

In this case, an increase in the effect of separation of dust and sludge from the air flow is achieved, since the swirling energy in the tangential direction behind the working blades is maximum and the centrifugal force generated by the separation on dust and sludge particles will also be maximized accordingly.

At the same time, particles of water and dust, thrown into the annular chamber under the action of centrifugal force, contact, coagulate on the surfaces of the shell and the transverse partitions, and then are discharged to the outside through a nozzle to exit the sludge.

It is advisable in this case to better fill the stream of the annular chamber of dust separation, the transverse partitions should be made in the form of separate arcuate partitions around the circumference of the annular chamber with spaces between them.

It is also advisable that the cyclone in the direction towards the exit at its periphery 5 contains one or several annular dust separation chambers.

This design allows for improved dust collection and minimal axial dimensions of the cyclone 0 and the dust collector as a whole.

The proposed dust collector, with a relatively simple design, comprising a fan, the casing of which is connected to an annular chamber connected to a 5-cyclone, makes it possible to ensure a high efficiency of the dust collector with its reduced dimensions.

In Fig.1 schematically shows a dust collector, side view, section; figure 2 - section 0 aa in figure 1; on fig.Z - section bb in figure 1.

The dust collector contains an inlet 1, in the flow part of which nozzles 2 for water supply are placed, 5 equipped with a cavity 3 in which a driving motor 4 is installed, a fan 5 with working vanes 6 mounted on a sleeve 7 mounted on the rotor 8, and an inlet part 9 with the triggering element 10, 0 installed at the entrance to the cyclone 11,

In the area between the sleeve 7 and the spinning element 10, an annular chamber 12 is installed, indicated by dotted lines, limited by side walls 5 13, 14, and a shell 15 on the periphery, divided in the direction of the axis 16 of the fan 5 by transverse partitions 17 on a number of sections 18 marked with dotted lines, connected to the nozzle 19 for exit 0-20, connected to the chamber 12 tangentially (see figure 2).

The transverse partitions (see Fig. 2) are circumferentially shaped as separate arcuate partitions 21 with spaces 22 between them, while the dust / air mixture 23 fills the annular chamber 12 more evenly and dust removal improves.

Cyclone 11c can be made with one or several annular chambers.

24, similar to an annular chamber 12, to further trap dust and remove sludge to the outside.

Sleeve 7 with working blades 6 is made in the form of a truncated cone, the side 25 of which with a large diameter is directed to the rectifying element 10.

In this form of sleeve 7, the dust-air mixture 23 is directed toward the periphery and more effectively fills the annular chamber 12.

Dust collector works as follows.

When starting the engine 4, the rotor 8 rotates together with the blades 6 and the sleeve 7, water is supplied through the nozzles 2 and dusty air 26 is sucked into the nozzle 1 (see figure 1).

The dusty air 26 is in contact with the water coming from the nozzle 2, forms a dust-air mixture, which from the nozzle 1 enters the working vanes 6, additionally intensively moves and leaves the side 25 (see fig.3) of the sleeve 7 intensively twisted in the direction of the arrow E towards the rotation of the rotor blades 6.

When this occurs, a centrifugal force moves the particles of water and dust to the periphery (see Fig. 2) in an annular chamber 12, in which dust and water particles come into contact with partitions 17 and shell 15, coagulate, form liquid slurry 20, which through pipe 19 is thrown out.

Then, the significantly purified water-air mixture passes through the spraying element 10, is partially unwound to increase the pressure created by the fan 5, and flows with residual twist in the direction of arrow D (FIG. 3) into the cyclone 11, in which the final cleaning the air, with the resulting slurry being removed to the outside of the chamber 24. The purified air 27 is finally twisted by the blades 28 and flows out through the outlet 29.

Thus, the above variants of the dust collector with an inlet

By chopping 1, an annular chamber 12 and a cyclone 11 provide the possibility of increasing the efficiency and significant reduction of its dimensions in comparison with the known dust collectors.

This makes it possible to more widely apply in cramped rooms, for example, in the underground mines of the mining industry, dust collectors made according to the invention.

Claims (4)

1. A dust collector that includes a housing, in the inlet part of which water supply nozzles are located, a fan located in the housing with working blades fixed to the wheel hub, an annular dust separation chamber in communication with the outlet part of the housing and a cyclone, spraying element and sludge disposal unit nozzle in communication with the annular dust separation chamber, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of the dust separator by reducing the recirculation of the dusty air flow from the annular chamber to the intake zone the fan chamber, the annular chamber is provided with transverse partitions fixed along its periphery, and the spraying element is placed in the inlet part of the cyclone, while the annular dust separation chamber is located between the working blades of the fan wheel and the spraying element, and the slurry outlet pipe is connected to the annular tangential camera. 2. A dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that the transverse partitions are arcuate. 3. A dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with one or more additional annular dust separation chambers. connected to the cyclone. 4. A dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that the impeller sleeve is made in the form of a truncated cone, the larger base of which is located on the side of the annular chamber. 7 I J 4 2 / A, 77 4W Ј-5 ten D Fi.Z