SU1735047A1 - Machine for assembling boxes - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to equipment for the production of containers. The purpose of the invention is to reduce energy and material consumption, increase productivity and operational reliability. The box assembly machine includes a housing 1, a drive 6, a magazine for blanks 3, feeding mechanism to the vacuum grippers, vacuum source 7, a molding mechanism including a punch 8, a die, and devices for bending the end walls and corners. The machine is equipped with a vertical frame installed with the possibility of vertical movement along the sides of the housing 1, connected to the drive 6, on which wedges are mounted to interact with the rollers of the devices 10 (

Description

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bending the end walls of the workpiece and hooks to interact with the cams of the devices for bending the corners of the workpiece. The punch 8 is made in the form of a spring-loaded platform, two clamping spring-loaded strips installed with the possibility of interacting with the carriage of the carrier frame 2 and reciprocating movement from the center to the front sides of the platform along the guides on which the locking latches are hinged. The matrix has a spring-loaded bottom and walls, made with the ability to adjust the size of the workpiece. On the body 1 of the automat, articulated devices of the corner of the workpiece, made in the form of horizontal axes with eccentric cams and spring-loaded levers located on the latter, and devices 10 of the bend of the end walls of the workpiece, made in the form of upper and lower sliders, which are spring-loaded in different directions and moving along the guides. On the ends of the sliders and on the side of the end part of the punch 8, respectively, a hinged bar with a protrusion and a roller are mounted with the possibility of interaction, and on the opposite ends of the carrier frame 2 there are rollers. The feed mechanism 4 consists of a carriage, kinematically connected to the drive 6, on which an axis is fixed with spring-loaded pushers and a lever with a roller interacting with a copier mounted on the body 1 of the automaton. The vacuum grippers are mounted on a hollow spring-loaded frame, provided with rollers for interacting with wedges mounted on a carriage. The rods are fitted with wedge pullers of the box. The vacuum source 7 is directly mounted on the body 1 of the automaton and is made in the form of a pneumatic cylinder connected to the drive 6, one cavity of which is connected to the frame of the vacuum grippers, and the other through the control element to the lubricating device 52 of the automaton. Drive 6 is made in the form of a crank mechanism. 4 hpfla, 15 ill.

The invention relates to the manufacture of containers, in particular to equipment for the formation of packaging boxes from flat blanks.

Machines are known for assembling carton boxes of flat blanks with lock valves, comprising a housing, an actuator, a molding mechanism of one or two forming heads, a blank magazine, a mechanism for feeding blanks 1.

The disadvantages of these machines are the complexity of manufacturing and operation, the large mass and size.

Closest to the present invention is a box assembly machine, which is part of an automatic candy line, comprising a housing, an actuator, a blank magazine, a feed mechanism with vacuum grippers, a vacuum source, a finished box extraction mechanism, including a punch, the matrix and the device bend the end walls and corners of the workpiece 2.

A disadvantage of the known automaton is the presence of a complex scheme of kinematic connections between the mechanisms and their individual elements (multiple shafts, levers, gears, etc.), a separate source, which complicates the design of the automaton, its adjustment and maintenance, requires a large amount of energy. electricity and materials. In addition, the normal operation of the automaton is ensured only when using blanks made of materials with slanted parameters (humidity, density, thickness, etc.); therefore, its nominal capacity when assembling boxes from domestic cardboard is limited to 30 cpm.

The aim of the invention is to simplify the design and maintenance, reduce energy consumption and material consumption, increase productivity and operational reliability of the machine.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the automatic assembly of the boxes, comprising a housing, an actuator, a blank shop, a feed mechanism with vacuum grippers, a vacuum source and a molding mechanism including a punch, a die and devices for bending the end walls and the corners of the workpiece along the sides of the hull with a supporting frame with wedges and hooks attached to it, in which the lower part is connected to the connecting rod of the drive mechanism, and a copier and punch are mounted on the upper part.

The punch is made in the form of a spring-loaded platform, two clamping spring-loaded strips installed with the ability to interact with the cam and reciprocating movement from

center to the end sides of the platform along the guides, on which the fixing latches are fixed for engagement with the pins mounted on the body of the machine. The bend corners of the workpiece are hinged to the body of the machine and are made in the form of spring-loaded levers located on the eccentrics of the two horizontal axes, which are provided with cams installed with the possibility of interaction with the hooks of the supporting frame.

The bending device of the end walls of the billet is hinged on the body of the automaton and made in the form of a body with guides for upper and lower sliders springed in opposite directions, on the corresponding ends of which on the side of the punch the hinged bar with the protrusion and the roller , and on opposite ends from the carrier frame, there are rollers with the possibility of interaction with frame wedges.

The feed mechanism is in the form of a carriage kinematically coupled to the drive. An axis is fixed on it with two spring-loaded pushers and a roller lever for interacting with a cam that is located under the carriage on the body of the machine.

Vacuum grippers are mounted on a hollow spring-loaded frame with rollers made with the ability to interact with wedges fixed to the bottom plane of the carriage and equipped with rods with extension pullers of the box at the ends. At the same time, the rods are rigidly fixed on wedges x, mounted slidably in bushes mounted in the body of the automaton, and equipped at the ends with an ejector box remover, which is made in the form of a horizontal plate with a core, the stroke of which is limited by the stop. In addition, the vacuum source is directly mounted on the body of the automaton and is made in the form of a pneumatic cylinder, kinematically connected with the drive, with one of its cavities connected to the vacuum grippers, and the other through the control element to the lubricating device of the automaton.

The drive is made in the form of a crank mechanism, consisting of two knees, two connecting rods are hinged to the neck of one of which, respectively, connected to the supporting frame and the carriage of the feeding mechanism, and the pneumatic cylinder attached to the other work.

Figure 1 shows the machine, a general view; 2 is a kinematic circuit of the automaton; figure 3-5 is a diagram of the operation of the feeder; Figures 6-10 are a diagram of the interaction of the main working bodies when assembling the box; figure 11 - forming mechanism, a general view; in fig. 12 is a kinematic diagram of a device for bending the corners of the workpiece; on Fig - cyclogram machine; Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a vacuum source; 15 shows a flat blank for the box.

The box assembly machine includes a housing 1, a carrier frame 2, a magazine for blanks 3, a feed mechanism 4 with vacuum grippers 5, an actuator 6, a vacuum source 7 (pneumatic cylinder) and a molding mechanism including a punch 8, a die 9, two devices 10 of the end walls bend blanks and two devices 11 bend the corners of the workpiece.

In the housing 1, the carrier frame 2 is mounted for vertical movement along its lateral sides with wedges 12 and 13 and hooks 14 fixed thereto. The lower part of the frame 2 is connected to the connecting rod 15 of the drive 6, and on the upper part there is mounted a copier 16 and a punch 8, which consists of a spring-loaded platform 17 connected by four rods 18 to the upper part of the supporting frame 2, two clamping spring-loaded strips 19 with rollers 20 installed with the ability to interact with the cam 16 and reciprocating from the center to the torus along the guides 21. On the guides 21 are hinged-fixed spring-loaded locking latches 22, installed with the possibility of interaction with the pins

23, located on the housing 1 of the machine.

Matrix 9 has a spring-loaded bottom

24, and its walls are made with the ability to adjust the size of the workpiece.

The devices 10 of the bend of the end walls of the workpiece are hinged on the body 1 of the automaton along the ends of the punch 8 and are designed as a body 25 with guides for the upper 26 and lower 27 sliders, spring-loaded in different directions. At the ends of the sliders 26 and 27, on the side of the end part of the punch 8, respectively, the hinged spring loaded strap 28 with the protrusion and the roller 29 are interoperable, and on the opposite ends of the carrier frame 2, the rollers 30 and 31 are installed to interact with the wedges 12 and 13 frame 2. The device 11 of the bend of the corners of the workpiece is made in the form of two horizontal axes 32 mounted on the body 1 of the automaton 32 with eccentrics 33 and spring-loaded levers 34 located on them. On axles 32, cams 35 are mounted for engagement with the hooks 14 of the supporting frame 2. The feed mechanism L consists of a carriage 36, kinematically connected to the drive 6. On the carriage 36, an axis is fixed

37 with two spring-loaded pushers

38 and lever 39 with roller 40. Under the carriage

36, on the body 1 of the machine, there is a copier 41, made in the form of a plate, at the end of which, along the movement of the carriage 36, a spring-loaded shutter 42 is installed to interact with the roller 40. The vacuum grippers 5 are fixed on a hollow spring-loaded frame 43 equipped with two rollers 44 installed with the possibility of interaction with two wedges 45, mounted on the lower plane of the carriage 36, to which the bars 46, which are mounted slidably in the bushes of the body 1 of the automaton, are rigidly fixed. The rods 46 are equipped with end-of-end tilting pullers of boxes that are made in the form of two horizontal plates 47 with tandem 48 hinged on them. Above the carriage 36 is fixed a horizontal platform 49 with openings for the release of vacuum grippers 5 and longitudinal slots for pushers 38 On the platform 49, vertical rods 50 with stops 51 are mounted, forming a magazine for blanks 3. A vacuum source 7 is directly mounted on the body of the machine and made in the form of a pneumatic cylinder associated with the drive 6. One floor The pneumatic cylinder spine is connected to the frame 43 of the vacuum grippers 5, and the other through the control element to the lubricating device 52 of the automaton. The drive 6 is made in the form of a crank mechanism consisting of two knees 53 and 54. Two connecting rods 15 and 56 are hinged to the neck 55 of the knee 53, one of which (15) is hinged to the supporting frame 2, and another - goy (56) through the yoke 57 - with the carriage 36 of the mechanism 4 for feeding blanks. Pneumatic cylinder 7 is fixed to knee 54 with the possibility of selecting the phase of its work.

The flat blank of the cardboard box consists of a bottom 58, side walls: 59, end walls 60, corners 61.

Automatic Assembly boxes works as follows (see the sequence diagram of the work).

At the beginning of the cycle of operation, the carriage 36 is in the rearmost position, and the supporting frame 2 occupies an intermediate position, while the vacuum clamps 5 are lowered and held in this position by the rollers 44 and the rods 46, and the pushers 38

under the action of springs lift up. When the carriage 36 is moving forward, the pushers 38 feed the workpiece under the punch 8, the rods 46 and the wedge 45 move forward and when the wedges 45 approach the rollers 44 they, together with the vacuum grippers 5, rise up under the action of the spring and press against the workpiece. This occurs after the passage of the pushers 48, and hence the preparation of half the path of movement of the carriage 36 forward. At the end of the movement of the vacuum grippers 5 upwardly, the pneumatic cylinder 7 begins to create discharge, and the supporting frame 2 with the punch 8 rises to the upper extreme position, while the pins 23 are placed on the locking latches 22, which come out of the engagement with the pressure plates 19, and the last under the action of the spring consumption. Upon further movement of the carriage 36 forward, after passing half the way, the carrier frame 2 with the punch 8 moves downwards and, when the punch 8 reaches the level of the die 9, the workpiece is fully fed to the assembly. Before the end of the forward stroke, the roller 40 of the lever 39 of the pushers 38 lifts the shutter 42 of the copier 41 and emerges from under it, the curtain 42 descends down and takes up the initial position by the action of the spring, while the hooks 14 interact with the cams 35, turn the axles 32 with eccentrics 33 which lift the levers 34, and the latter with their ends bend up the corners 61 of the workpiece. This completes the first half of the working cycle.

At the beginning of the second half of the cycle, the carriage 36 with the pushers 38 begins to move backward, while the roller 40 of the lever 39 rolls along the upper surface of the shutter 42 of the copier 41, the stops 51 and the vacuum grippers 5 are lowered, and the next workpiece is removed from the stack. This pneumatic cylinder 7 creates a vacuum. The supporting frame 2 with the punch 8 continues to move down, the bend of the corners 61 of the workpiece ends, the lateral 59 and 60 end walls of the workpiece are formed, which under the action of the punch 8 descends down together with the spring-loaded bottom 24 of the matrix 9 until it stops, after which the punch 8 stops, carrying Frame 2 continues downward. Copier 16 interacts with clamping bars 19, which return to the center of the platform 17 of the punch 8 and are fixed with latches 22. At the same time, the wedges 12 and 13 of the supporting frame 2 interact with the rollers 30 and 31 of the upper 26 and lower 27 sliders of the device 10 of the bend of the end walls the upper slider 26 with the spring-loaded bar 28, the protrusion of which approaches the roller 29, then the lower slider 27 moves in the opposite direction, the roller 29 acts on the protrusion of the bar 28, and turns it down around the axis arnira. When this occurs, the bend and the Assembly of the end wall 60 of the workpiece. When moving downward the pads 17 of the punch 8, the clamping strips 19 are moved apart, which ensures uniform pressure around the entire perimeter of the box blank, but with the start of movement of the upper slide 26 towards the box center, the clamping tabs 19 also move towards the center of the box, freeing the end walls 60 of the blank for bending their bar 28, and the phase of movement of the bar 28 and the presser bar 19 is adjusted by adjusting the moment of influence of the copier 16 on the rollers 20 of the presser bars 19 in such a way as to exclude the possibility of meeting the bars during their movement, K When the carriage 36 goes half way back, the carrier frame 2 begins to move upwards, with the sliders 26 and 27 returning to their original condition, and the spring-loaded bottom 24 pushes the assembled box out of the matrix 9. The horizontal plates of the 47th tandem puller of the box go over the end walls the box, hindering its rise beyond the punch, modic 48 captures the side wall of the box from the inside. At this cycle of the mechanism of the machine ends. With the beginning of the new cycle, when the carriage 36 moves forward and delivers the next billet under the punch, tandem pullers also move forward and remove the assembled box from under the punch 8. Equipping the machine with a frame bearing the main working elements and interacting with other mechanisms of the box assembly , allowed us to simplify the scheme of transferring the movement from the drive to the working units and parts, the execution of the workpiece feed mechanism with an additional function to extract the finished boxes due to its new design, and the use of a pneumatic cylinder as a vacuum source for vacuum grippers and a pressure source с $ lubricating device, the ability to reconfigure the machine to boxes of various sizes due to the constructive execution of the punch and die, ensuring reliable operation of the machine with blanks from domestic materials, the absence of a complex vacuum supply circuit has greatly simplified the design of the machine, the synchronization system of all its mechanisms, adjustment, adjustment and technical

maintenance without the use of additional complex mechanical and electrical devices, improve operational reliability, performance (up to 60

Claims (5)

kor / min), significantly reduce energy consumption (4 times), material consumption, reduce dimensions (3 times) and weight (7 times). Claims 1. A box assembly machine containing a magazine for workpieces mounted in a housing, a feed mechanism with vacuum grippers connected to a vacuum source, a molding mechanism including a punch, a die and devices 5 bend the end walls and the corners of the workpiece, and the drive, characterized in that, in order to increase productivity and operational reliability, reduce energy intensity and material consumption, it 0 is provided with a vertical frame installed with the possibility of vertical movement along the sides of the body with wedges and hooks attached to it, in which the lower part contains mounted on 5 there is a copier and punch, made in the form of a spring-loaded platform, two clamping spring-loaded strips, installed with the possibility of interaction with the copier and reciprocating movement 0 from the center to the end sides of the platform by means of guides on which the locking latches are fixed, while the device for bending the corners of the workpiece is made of spring-loaded levers hinged on the bass, two horizontal axes, equipped with eccentrics interacting with the levers, and cams installed with possibility of interaction with carrier hooks 0 frames, and the device for bending the end walls of the workpiece is made of a body with guides mounted from them spring-loaded upper and lower sliders in opposite directions, having a hinge bar and a roller fixed at their respective ends from the side of the punch, and mounted on opposite ends from carrier frame with the ability to interact with wedges mi 0 rollers, the feeding mechanism being designed as a kinematically connected with a carriage drive, an axis fixed on it with spring-loaded pushers and a roller lever installed with the possibility 5 interacts with a copier mounted on the body of the automaton and with wedges mounted on the carriage, equipped with rods with mannik box pullers at the ends, while the vacuum grippers are equipped with a hollow spring-loaded frame with rollers interacting with the carriage wedges. 2. An automaton according to claim 1, characterized in that the feeder rods are rigidly fixed on the carriage wedges, mounted slidably in the bushings mounted in the body of the machine and provided with carriages mounted on the ends, which are made in the form of a horizontal plate with tnik. 3. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the pins are fixed to the housing for engaging with the securing latches of the punch pressure plates. 4. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a lubricating device 0 the vacuum source is mounted on the body of the automaton and is made in the form of a pneumatic cylinder, kinematically connected with the drive, with one cavity of the cylinder connected to the vacuum grippers, and the other through a control element to a lubricating device. 5. An automaton according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive is made in the form of a crank mechanism, consisting of two knees, on the neck of one of which two connecting rods are hinged, respectively, connected to the supporting frame and the carriage of the blank supply mechanism , and the pneumatic cylinder is attached to another. Phie.1 Ttl SSsX Rya h / ////////////////////////////////.  f U ///////////////////// X // // W s r - .., -.- ..   p  r% 7i T ib 9L 91 SllllRU & Y //////// S And / WWH VSS // J pvwwvvl y / # tfzJ  p 6i a  AMA Iff one - // HwwvJ si dg 11709CIL nineteen Stocking ЗЪ Anesthetic mechanism loiaci Carrying frame Vacuum whack / LneSmo cylinder Upper lo / gzun / Bottom crawlers Clamping llanhi punch US / District / 710o retrieving koro & ki Fie.12 Fig.P Ј System cwcfSXU -4 FIG. S4