SU1729976A1 - Vibrated tool for loosening frozen cargo - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the mechanization and intensification of the unloading of frozen free-flowing and heavy-duty cargo from open rolling stock, mainly from gondola cars. The purpose of the invention is to increase efficiency. The vibratory cultivator contains a support frame 1 with vertical guides 2, in which the working body 3 is mounted with loosening pins, the outermost ones on which 4 are equipped with guides and lugs 6 having a nut and an adjusting screw, vibration exciter 9 is rigidly connected with working body 3, On the upper part of which, the head 10. is installed. In the guides with the possibility of longitudinal movement, the slider 11c is mounted with an anvil 12, which has grooves on the side edges that enclose the guides. Between the slider 11 and the protrusion 6 installed springs. The working body 3 is connected to the supporting frame 1 by flexible connections 14. To hook the crane, the slider 11 is provided with an eye 15. When the vibration exciter anvil 12 is in operation and the hammer head 10 generates additional oscillations of the working body. 3 il. cl

Description

The invention relates to the mechanization and intensification of the unloading of frozen free-flowing and heavy-duty cargo from open rolling stock, mainly from gondola cars.

The purpose of the invention is to increase efficiency.

In Fig.1 schematically shows the proposed ripper, a general view; figure 2 - section aa in figure 1; on fig.Z - node I in figure 1.

The vibrating ripper of the frozen loads includes a support frame 1 with vertical guides 2 and a working body 3 mounted in the latter with loosening pins, the outermost of which 4 are equipped with guides 5 and protrusions 6, having a nut 7 and an adjusting screw 8.

A vibration exciter 9 is rigidly connected to the working body 3, on the upper part of which there is a firing pin 10. In the guides 5 with the possibility of longitudinal movement there is mounted a slider 11c with an anvil 12, which is a spring suspension (reactive mass), which has grooves on its side faces covering guides 5.

The springs 13 are mounted between the slider 11 and the protrusion 6, the striker 10 and the anvil 12 are located on the axis of symmetry of the slider 11 and the vibration exciter 9. The working body 3 is connected to the supporting frame 1 by flexible ties (cables) 14. To hook the crane, the slider 11 is equipped with cargo eye 15.

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Vibrating ripper works as follows.

When unloading the gondola, the device is installed using a crane (not shown) with the support frame 1 on the upper wiring of the body 16, so that when the extreme pins 4 are moved in the guides 2 under the force of gravity, the ends of the pins come into contact with the frozen cargo. When the vibration exciter 9 is turned on, which generates a vertically directed driving force, the line of action of which coincides with the axis of symmetry of the striker 10, anvil 12 and working body 3, the latter makes vertical symmetric vibrations. At the initial time, the anvil 12 of the slider 11 by the springs 13 is pressed against the striker 10. Since the working body 3, oscillating in the guides 2, is inserted into the monolith of a dead load with instantaneous stops, then at the moments of the disruption of the working body the slider 11 when oscillations occur on the springs 13, moving along the guide pins 4, tends to enter into resonance with the working body 3.

When the springs 13 are compressed between the striker 10 and the anvil 12, a gap is formed and the slider 11 through the anvil 12 periodically strikes the striker 10, creating a force asymmetry in the direction of immersion of the tool. When communicating periodic shocks through the interaction of the striker 10 and the anvil 12, the pins of the working body 3 are immersed to a greater depth and with greater speed than the known devices. To achieve a steady shock mode, the system is adjusted by adjusting the initial gap between the striker 10 and the anvil 12 with screws 8 and nuts 7 located on the projections 6.

Subsequent cycles of the vibrolayer are characterized by strikes of the anvil 12 on the striker 10 of the working body 3 and additional oscillations of the pins in the intervals between the blows, which are also affected by the spring suspension. Due to the action on the working body of static and dynamic loads directed in the direction of immersion, energy consumption is reduced and the process is intensified when loosening heavily frozen loads without increasing the amplitude of the driving force and weight of the preload, but only by increasing the immersion capacity of the working body, the pins of which destroy the array cargo into separate pieces.

Next, the working tool is lifted up to the tension of the cables 14 and the device is moved to the undiluted part of the load. The cycles are repeated until the cargo is fully opened. Since oscillations of the working body 3 occur near resonance, this leads to a guarantee of an increase in its amplitude of oscillations, and regardless of the properties of the loosened cargo, which improves the performance of the vibromidger and reduces the power consumption of loosening and its weight by transferring the shock load to the dead load. .

The presence of the striking steam-bolt 10 and the anvil 12 transforms the spring-loaded load (slider 11) into a generator of mechanical vibrations, which generates dynamic effects associated with the excitation of intense resonant vibrations of the pins of the working organ 3 that do not appear during normal sinusoidal ( vibration effects. Sprung slider 11 with anvil 12 allows to generate resonant (main and subharmonic) vibro-impact modes of movement of the working element. Due to the creation of a more powerful power and wider frequency effect on the load, the efficiency and effectiveness of loosening compared with the known devices with the same parameters of the vibration exciter increases, because under the influence of asymmetrical oscillations of the working body, the frequency spectrum of which is enriched with higher harmonics, the physicochemical changes occur. properties of the frozen cargo in the desired direction.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A vibrating ripper of frozen loads containing a frame on which a working body with loosening pins rigidly connected to the exciter, and with upper stops, and a loading plate with elastic elements, which is in order to increase efficiency, it is provided with a striker firmly fixed on the exciter to interact with the anvil fixed on the said plate mounted with the possibility of moving in vertical guides fixed to the extreme pins, and the said stops are located above the loading plate and are connected with the elastic elements of the latter, which are mounted with the possibility of adjusting their height. / -L 7