CN2230785Y - Shock damper - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a shock damper which restrains horizontal vibration of structure of columniation type. At the structural foundation of the shock damper of current technology, the inner wall of the cylindrical container is provided with a high damped rubber ring. When the structure creates vibration, and makes the shock damper vibrate together, the collision of a movable iron shot and the damped rubber ring occurs. The collision makes the damped rubber ring create larger deformation. The utility model largely decreases coefficient of restitution of collision. So, this further consumes vibrant energy which is brought from the structure, and achieves optimum effect of controlling vibration and decreasing noise.

Description

A kind of impact damper

What the utility model related to a kind of fixedly structure subtracts newspaper device, specifically a kind of impact type damper that suppresses light-duty pipe column type structure structure horizontal vibration.

Be placed in the structural impact type damper of principal oscillation, generally form by cavity that links with the principal oscillation structure and the impact mass piece in the cavity, and impact mass piece and the suitable gap of cavity maintenance.When principal oscillation structural vibration, by the momentum conversion, make the impact mass piece obtain energy, and (at principal oscillation structural vibration) impacts cavity wall in the other direction, thereby dissipation energy reach the purpose that suppresses principal oscillation structural vibration.The impact type damper belongs to the form that non-perfectly elastic body impacts power consumption, consume energy when its consume energy can be done the impact of counter motion object with two is explained, promptly do counter motion and when impacting, recovery coefficient α, principal oscillation architecture quality m and impact mass m when loss of energy E and two articles impact when two articles ₁And impact velocity v and v ₁Relevant, E can be expressed as: $E=\frac{1-a}{2}\left(\frac{m\×m_1}{m+m_1}\right){(v+v_1)}^2$ Significantly, by reducing recovery coefficient α or increasing impact mass m ₁Two kinds of approach all can increase the energy consumption of vibrational system, improve inhibition of vibration.In the prior art, the impact type damper close with the utility model is mainly used in the frame for movement, as boring bar, lathe base etc., its typical structure is made up of cavity that links with the principal oscillation structure and the ball impact mass in the cavity, referring to the 112-121 page of " engineering of damping is used " (publishing house of Dai Depei chief editor Tsing-Hua University 91 editions), this impact type damper mainly relies on the bigger impact mass of employing (mass ratio of impact mass piece and principal oscillation structure is generally more than 10%) to improve shock attenuation result, the usefulness but performance is bestirred oneself preferably.But if be applied to the light-duty pipe column type structure of underdamping of construction work, adopt the impact type damper of impact mass excessive (mass ratio of impact mass piece and principal oscillation structure is greater than 10%), to make the pipe column type dynamic Characteristics of Structure produce bigger variation, thereby have a strong impact on the inhibition of vibration of impact type damper.

The defective that the purpose of this utility model exists when being to overcome above-mentioned impact type damper being applied to the light-duty pipe column type structure of underdamping, providing a kind of can select for use under the less impact mass condition, greatly reduce and impact recovery coefficient, thereby cause than macro-energy and dissipate, better shake and the impact type damper of noise reduction but on a plurality of directions, all have.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that the inner cavity size according to the pipe column type structure structure, design one and the close-fitting cylindrical vessel of its inner chamber, impulse chamber as the impact type damper, be close to the cylindrical vessel inner chamber and be provided with a high-damping rubber circle as the additional damping layer, be used for reducing recovery coefficient α, increase dissipation of energy; The built-in movable steel ball of damping rubber circle is as impact mass piece (impact mass piece and principal oscillation structure mass ratio be controlled at below 5%), and determines the appropriate clearance of damping rubber circle and movable steel ball by test.When structure structure produced vibration, the cylindrical vessel that is fixed in the impact type damper in the structure structure also produced vibration simultaneously, and makes damping rubber circle inwall and movable steel ball produce the repeated stock collision.Under the alternating stresses of this repeated stock, the damping rubber circle just has the effect of big dissipation energy.And the utility model is in order to make full use of the damping characteristic of high-damping rubber, to obtain the optimal inhibition vibrating effect, adopted external tooth form damping rubber circle, make it under the alternating stresses of repeated stock, produce the bigger flexural deformation and the shear strain at tooth root place, this distortion makes and produces slippage and interior friction between the damping rubber macromolecule, therefore produce bigger dissipation energy effect, thereby convert the vibrational energy that structure structure transmits the heat energy of damping rubber circle to, reach the optimal inhibition vibration, reduce anti noise.

Technique scheme does not compared with prior art allow with the characteristics of adding impact mass more greatly at the light-duty pipe column type structure structure of underdamping.Reduce recovery coefficient by the damping rubber circle is set, produce the rubber deformation energy-absorbing, explore one and adopting under the less impact mass condition, increase the new way that vibrational energy dissipates effectively.This impact damper is placed in structure peak swing place, can makes the effective damping of structure lower mode increase 12-23 times, reached the optimal inhibition vibration and reduced noise effects.

Fig. 1 is the organigram of a kind of impact type damper of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is that the A of Fig. 1 is to view;

Fig. 3 is that Fig. 1 adds C behind the upper cover to view;

Fig. 4 is the axonometric drawing of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is the time history curve when light-duty pipe column type works vibrated free damping when the impact type damper was not set;

Fig. 6 is provided with similar to prior art to add thin damping rubber circle, and the ratio of impact mass and principal oscillation architecture quality is that certain light-duty pipe column type works vibrates free damped time history curve behind 7.5% the impact type damper;

Fig. 7 is after impact type damper shown in Figure 1 is set, and certain light-duty pipe column type works vibrates free damped time history curve, and the mass ratio of impact mass piece and principal oscillation structure is 4.20%;

Fig. 8 is the arrangement schematic diagram of a kind of impact type damper of the present utility model in certain light-duty pipe column type structure.

Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing the utility model is further described.

Certain railway bridge lighting standard, by high 3m, the standard seamless steel pipe of external diameter Ф 60mm and internal diameter Ф 53mm is made.Because of its from heavy and light, a little less than the structural damping, under driving and dynamic excitation such as wind, lamppost produces significantly vibration, greatly reduces the fatigue life of lamppost and the application life of lighting tool, considers the lamppost design feature, but determines to adopt the impact type damper to carry out the processing of shaking.Because impact damping system non-linear, its characteristics of motion are quite complicated, fail to determine the analytic expression of finding the solution optimal parameter so far in theory.Therefore the selection of appropriate clearance is determined by the model testing of full size material object fully between movable steel ball and damping rubber circle.Its process of the test is: lamppost in kind and lighting tool are simulated the connected mode of real bridge, be installed on the indoor prefabricated pedestal, B﹠amp; The K8001 reluctance head is fixed in lamppost and lamp shines tool junction (this place's vibratory response maximum), to measure the acceleration signal of lamppost, through B﹠amp; Being input to the HP3562 dynamic signal analyzer after the modulation of K2626 modulated amplifier is amplified analyzes; Displacement method for releasing is just adopted in test, and promptly displacement at the beginning of one of lamppost is given on the lamppost top discharges then, and record lamppost vibration attenuation curve directly measures the frequency values and the logarithmic decrement of lamppost vibration from this curve; Test records lamppost natural frequency of structures f=3.69Hz, logarithmic decrement is δ=0.005, determine that by the lamppost internal diameter external diameter of impact type damper cylindrical vessel is Ф 53mm, inside diameter of vessel is Ф 52mm, as shown in Figure 8 it is fixed in the lamppost, test with single standard actions steel ball earlier,, determine appropriate clearance by the movable steel ball of different-diameter on probation; Because of movable steel ball during directly with the cylinder inner wall impact, its noise is very big, so damping rubber bed course at the additional one deck 2mm of inwall, from the movable steel ball of Ф 20mm, be placed on and discharge the logarithmic decrement δ when measuring the lamppost free damping in the cylindrical vessel cavity the identical first displacement of lamppost; Steel ball size increases 1mm at every turn, repeats above-mentioned experimental test process, and compares logarithmic decrement δ, with max log attenuation rate δ _MaxSpace between pairing movable steel ball and rubber spacer is a best clearance, at this moment determine that movable steel ball size is Ф 40mm, its gap is: Δ=52mm-40mm-2 * 2mm=8mm, in cylindrical vessel, increase the thick steel plate washer of 2mm subsequently, to increase impulse chamber and movable steel ball number, improve the impact mass ratio; When adopting 3 Ф 40mm steel balls, total mass ratio μ=7.50%, lamppost free damping curve as shown in Figure 6, its logarithmic decrement δ=0.046, structural damping increases 9.2 times; Use impact type damper shown in Figure 1 instead, the symmetrical external tooth form damping rubber circle of using a thick 4mm tooth depth 3mm instead is as the additional damping layer, similarly, begin test from the movable steel ball of Ф 20mm, the single-unit activity steel ball is placed in the impact damping rubber ring, and movable steel ball size increases 1mm at every turn, the logarithmic decrement δ when measuring the lamppost free damping one by one, and relatively, with max log attenuation rate δ _MaxThe gap is a best clearance between pairing movable steel ball and external tooth form rubber damping circle, determines that at last movable steel ball size is Ф 30mm, and its gap is: Δ=52mm-30mm-2 * 7mm=6mm.Subsequently, in cylindrical vessel, increase the thick steel plate washer of 2mm, to increase the impact mass ratio; As Fig. 4 when adopting the movable steel balls of 4 Ф 30mm, total mass ratio μ=4.20%, lamppost free damping curve as shown in Figure 7, its logarithmic decrement δ=0.119, structural damping increases 23.8 times.By above-mentioned test, as Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, determine that promptly the external diameter of the cylindrical vessel 1 of impact type damper in the present embodiment is Ф 53mm, internal diameter is Ф 52mm, the thickness of external tooth form damping rubber circle 2 is 4mm, and tooth depth is 3mm, and the diameter of movable steel ball 3 is Ф 30mm, gap between damping rubber circle 2 and the movable steel ball 3 is 6mm, and the perforate 6 of pad 4 and the perforate 7 of capping 5 are the lamppost electric wire and pass the hole.When lamppost produces vibration, make the cylindrical vessel 1 and the external tooth form damping rubber circle 2 that are fixed in the structural impact type damper of lamppost together vibrate, and make movable steel ball 3 repeated stocks collide external tooth form damping rubber circle 2, because determined each scantling of above-mentioned test, the impact that has guaranteed movable steel ball 3 is just in time opposite with the lamppost direction of vibration, the alternating stresses that causes external tooth form damping rubber circle 2 to be subjected to repeated stock produces the bigger flexural deformation and the shear strain at tooth root place, thereby make and produce interior friction between the rubber macromolecule, greatly reduced the collision recovery coefficient, further dissipates vibration energy, reach the effect of optimal inhibition vibration, also reduce impact noise simultaneously effectively.Through the reality test, after lamppost was installed the described impact type damper of present embodiment, the effective damping of its low order mode of flexural vibration increased 20 times.

Claims (2)

1. an impact type damper mainly is made of cylindrical vessel and movable steel ball, it is characterized in that: be provided with the high-damping rubber circle in cylindrical vessel.

2. impact type damper according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the high-damping rubber circle adopts the external tooth form structure.

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