SU1729600A1 - Centrifugal cleaner - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the separation of inhomogeneous media and allows for improved cleaning efficiency. The device is turned on. The regulators 10c with clamps 11, the chamber 12 are made of stepped rings 8, installed with a gap and can move in the axial direction. It is advisable to provide the invention with a screw shelf 15, a conical lid 5 with a central hole 6, a ring 7, a helical shelf 15 to be installed in the internal cavity of the chamber 12, a ring 7 to be placed coaxially with the lid 5. It is advisable to make the lid 5 and the bottom 13c with the same taper angle the shelf 15 is fixed on the ring 7 and the bottom 13 of the chamber 12. It is advisable that the orientation angle of the screw shelf 15 to the inner surface of the stepped rings 8 is determined by the dependence a 1.57 - L where a is the angle in radians and A is the correction value chosen The rate of 0.05 A 0.23. It is advisable to select the width of the screw flange 15 from a range of 0.25R B 0.5R, where B is the width of the screw flange 15, R is the radius of the chamber 12. 3 Cp f-ly, 4 ill.

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering and can be used for the qualitative purification of water from suspended impurities and heavy fractions in hydraulic engineering and the chemical industry.

The oil tank trap is known for cleaning liquids, which contains a tank with a semi-submersible partition, inclined thin-layer plates and nozzles for supplying the initial liquid, discharging the purified liquid and settled suspended solids, moreover, in order to increase the capacity of the sump and improve the degree of purification of the liquid from suspended solids and oil products , thin-layer plates are made of a non-uniform U-shaped profile and installed in the direction of flow of the liquid to be purified, and the semi-submerged The nozzle is lowered to the level of inflection of thin-layer plates; the angle of inclination of the thin-layer plates relative to the horizontal plane is 50-70 °, while the inclination angle of one of the shelves is 0.7-1.4 of the angle of inclination of the other shelf, and the length of one of the shelves of thin-layer plates is 0.5-2.0 the lengths of the other shelf.

The known device can not be directly used for cleaning the irrigation water from sediments, because. At high concentrations of sediment accumulation in the conical bottom 8, tube 9 will clog to remove suspended solids, operating according to the siphon principle, i.e. you are required

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Cleaning of the technological cycle of flushing of the settling tank from the sediment.

The disadvantages of the oil trap sump for cleaning liquids also include the fact that the nozzle 5 - clean water outlet and the nozzle 7 - oil product outlet are located in the same horizontal plane; such an arrangement of the pipes makes it difficult to separate oil products from the clean water.

In addition, deposition of mechanical impurities will accumulate on the Y-shaped thin-layer plates 2 (in the sump mode), which causes disruption of the function of the sump. Also, cleaning of these thin-layer plates is not provided.

The closest in technical essence to the present invention is a fish protection device, including a cylindrical in plan chamber with a diverging conduit, in which an annular wall with a mesh upper part is concentrically mounted, a supply conduit located tangentially to the inner surface of the wall, and a fish diverter connected to the center of the chamber, moreover, in order to increase the efficiency of fish protection, the annular c-shank has a broken outline formed by alternately arranged radial and spiral-shaped sections.

The main disadvantage of the known device lies in the fact that the use of irregular shapes and outlines in the cylindrical chamber 1 of the grid 3 — the broken outline of the grid 3 with alternating alternation of curvilinear 5 and radial 4 forms — contributes to the disruption of the perfect funnel and thereby reducing the efficiency of the achieved goal. In addition, there will be a clogging of the mesh cells with 3 particles, at least one of which exceeds the linear cell size, especially considering that the main idea of the operation of the device under consideration is to push brightened water through the mesh 3 annular wall.

In the recesses of the broken outlines, the speed of rotation of the water decreases, resulting in zones of stagnation, sedimentation and accumulation of sediments, contributing to the disruption of the functioning of the device.

Young fish are mixed and injured when touched with impurities and debris directed towards the center, and when transported to a water source through a fish tail.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the cleaning efficiency and reduce the entrainment of suspended sediment.

The goal is achieved by the fact that

The centrifugal cleaner to create a more active twist funnel is equipped with a conical lid with a central hole and ring, and the twisting chamber consists of profiled stepped rings that can be moved in a vertical plane, forming annular horizontal gaps in the junction areas to allow clean water to change. its direction from the bottom up and flow control with the help of regulators with grooves and clamps-clamps. The stepped rings are installed sequentially from bottom to top, with each higher ring entering the downstream with a gap-gap regulating the flow with the help of regulators with clamps.

Such a structure provides for more intense water twisting by means of a conical roof with a central hole, as a result of which suspended particles, debris and heavy fractions move quickly to the center, to the recess area of the funnel that forms

Clear water is drawn through flow-regulating annular slots formed between the stepped rings. Clean water from the swirling chamber passes upwards through the labyrinth slots,

It is drained into the collection body and discharged through the channel to the consumer, thus controlling the flow and quality of the purified water.

Orientation of the screw shelf to the inner surface of the stepped rings at an angle

a, glad to 1.57-A,

where L is the correction values chosen from the p

0.05 A 0.23, ensures the perpendicularity of the resulting velocity Vpea. suspended sediment particles to the surface of the helical flange and their efficiency of reflection inside

chambers, which facilitates the diversion of suspended sediment particles from the forming layers of pouring out a clarified stream of water through the gaps of the outflow of clarified water. Selecting the width of the screw shelf from the p

0, 5R,

where R is the radius of the cylindrical chamber, m, contributes to the stable functioning of the perfect vortex funnel, which guarantees a stable separation of the incoming water to the washing flow of water with the bottom and the majority of suspended sediments and the flow of clarified water with a small portion of suspended sediments.

The use of a conical lid in a centrifugal purifier with a central opening directing atmospheric pressure to the center of the funnel that is formed facilitates faster water spinning and more efficient garbage collection in the center.

The use of stepped rings constituting the swirling chamber and forming labyrinth slits, which regulate the flow rate, provides better filtrate.

Such a centrifugal cleaner design was not previously known.

The outcome of the above, the authors believe that the proposed technical solution meets the criterion of significant differences.

FIG. 1 shows a device plan; FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section A-A in FIG. one; in FIG. 3, a scanning of the screw flange; in FIG. 4, view B in FIG. 2 (a regulator with a lock).

The centrifugal cleaner contains a high-speed watercourse 1, a collecting body 2 with an inlet window 3 and a discharge channel 4 — clean water, a conical cover 5 with a central opening b and a ring 7 forming with adjustable annular slots 9 in conjunction with each other. , while adjusting the gap of the slits 9 is carried out by means of knobs 10 with clamps 11. Stepped rings 8 form a twisting chamber 12, which ends with a conical bottom 13, in the center of which a garbage disposal channel 14 is fixed and a helical shelf 15 fixed ne end to the ring 7 and the other end - to the bottom of the cone 13.

Screw shelf 15 is oriented to the inner surface of the system of stepped rings 8, forming a twisting chamber 12, at an angle assigned by the formula:

a, glad to 1.57-A,

where A is the correction values chosen from

0.05 A 0.23.

The width of the screw shelf 15 is prescribed from the p

0, 5R,

where R is the inner radius of the twisting chamber 12, m.

Centrifugal cleaner works as follows.

Water through the high-speed water course 1 through window 3 tangentially passes into the chamber

5 twisting 12 and in contact with the conical lid 5 and the screw shelf 1-5, which contribute to the rapid twisting of the water and the concentration of trapped impurities and debris in the center of the chamber 12. Atmospheric

0, the pressure acts through the central opening 6 on the moving stream in chamber 12 and ensures that the funnel is drawn and attracted to the center of impurities, increases the turbulence of impurities in the stream and sends them to the garbage canal 14. Water with less impurities is distributed around the inner circumference of the chamber 12 and through the drain slots 9 flows into the collection body 2 and is directed along channel 4 to

0 to the consumer.

At the entrance to chamber 12, the longitudinal component of velocity prevails in the flow, and its radial component has not yet developed. Therefore, within

5, the twisting chamber 12 has a radial flow velocity that varies from zero at the entrance to the chamber 12 and to its maximum value at the radius of the washing hole. Bottom and suspended water flow

0 by sediment is pressed under the action of centrifugal force to the inner wall formed by the system of stepped rings 8, chamber 12 and to the ceiling of the helical flange 15 and, participating in the rotational movement around

5 axis of a perfect vortex funnel, contributes to the formation inside yourself of zones of static and dynamic rotations.

In this case, part of the water, along with the bottom and the main part of suspended nanowires in the static rotation zone, falling under the predominant influence of dragging forces towards the washing hole, having made several turns around the axis of the perfect vortex funnel, pulls

5 along the conical bottom 13 of the chamber 12 through the washing hole into the garbage disposal channel 14 for discharge.

Another part of the water along with a small part of the suspended sediment in the zone

0 dynamic rotation, falling under the predominant influence of the dragging forces towards the annular adjustable slots 9, during the rotation around the axis of the perfect vortex funnel, is transformed (transformed) into the effluent clarified layers of water through the annular adjustable, using regulators 10 and retainers 11 , slits 9 into the collection body 2 and further along the channel 4 of the clarified water to the consumer.

The screw shelf 15 is mounted obliquely to the conical bottom 13 of the twisting chamber 12 in the direction of the swirling flow and serves to create a pressure for compressing the flow in order to direct the suspended impurities and debris to the center of the funnel in the twisting chamber 12.

According to the experimental results of the authors' research on the movement of water in a centrifugal chamber as part of the object. Land level planning at the Ala-Too state farm in the Alamedin district of the KirghizSSR, the chamber radius is 1 m, the wall height is 1 m, the radius of the washing hole is 0.062 m. water corresponding to a radial coordinate value of 0.5R; taking into account that this coordinate is counted from the axis of the chamber, then the zone of uniform velocity distribution is separated from the chamber wall by no more than 0.5R (maximum limit value of the width of the helical flange).

Using the results of research AMVolynova and M.Sh.Margolin. The design issues of technically advanced ameliorative systems, it can be shown that the orientation angle of the helical flange is:

VH

a, glad to 1.57 - arcsin-rrVc

VH

/ cut

1.57V

cut

1.57-L

where VH is the vertical component of the particle suspended sediment, m / s;

Vpea — the resultant velocity of the dynamic rotation of the fluid, m / s;

A-amendment, glad.

Taking into account the maximum limit value of the screw flange 0.5R, we obtain the maximum limit value of the correction Dmax. 0.23 happy.

Using the data of F.S.Salakhov, it can be shown that the minimum limit value of the correction is Amin. 0.05 happy.

Using this value, you can set the minimum limit value for the screw flange width of 0.25R,

The size of the drain slots 9 for controlling the flow rate and quality of the filtrate, and

0

five

0

five

.0

five

0

five

0

Also, the flushing operations are set using the adjusters 10 and the fasteners 11 by moving the rings 8 in a vertical plane and fixing them in a predetermined position. The camera is made on the principle of a sliding glass with latches.

The economic effect of using a centrifugal cleaner is that the device allows you to produce a given water flow rate and the required quality of its cleaning by changing the size of the drain slots and washing the tightening chamber by means of regulators with clamps; These conditions are fulfilled by a single device without the cost of additional energy.

Claims (4)

Claim 1. Centrifugal cleaner containing underwater pipe, housing, chamber, pipes for drainage of purified liquid and contaminants, characterized in that, in order to increase cleaning efficiency, the chamber is equipped with regulators with fixing devices and is made of stepped rings with a gap between them. axially displaceable. . 2, the cleaner according to claim 1, of which are equipped with a screw shelf, a conical lid with a central hole, a ring, a screw shelf installed in the internal cavity of the chamber, the ring is placed coaxially to the conical lid, angle the taper of which is equal to the angle of taper of the bottom of the chamber, the screw of the shelf is fixed on the ring and the bottom of the chamber, 3. The cleaner according to claim 1, in which, in order to reduce suspended sediment load, the orientation angle of the helical flange to the inner surface of the stepped rings is determined by the dependence , 57-A,: where a is the angle, rad; And - the value of the amendment, selected from r daO, 05 A 0,23. 4. Cleaner according to claim 1, about tl and h and y and d so that the width of the screw flange B is chosen from the range 0,25R B 0.5R, where R is the radius of the chamber. 25 Aa Fig.Z FIG. four