SU1724795A1 - Mudflow protection method - Google Patents

Abstract

Use: for protection of settlements from the effect of mudflow. Summary of the invention: in the river bed, dams 2 and 3 block non-hazardous inflow above and below natural pit 4. Before the first dam 2, a trench 5 is led, diverting the inflow away from the river, while dam 2 is made with locks and dam 3, located below the trench, supply spillways. Then, a bypass trench is led from the concave bank of the mudflow river to the tributary, along which the mudflow is directed into the excavation 4, blocking the channel of the mudflow river with a dam. 1 il.

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic construction and can be used to effectively combat the most catastrophic storm and glacial mudflows in mountainous areas.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of protection against mudflows.

The drawing shows a structure for protection against mudflow, plan view. The channel of tributary 1 is marked, blocked by dams 2 and 3, located above and below natural pit 4, respectively. Trenches 5 and 6 have been completed. Trench 5 diverts tributary 1 from the mudflow river 7, and trench 6 directs the river’s water or mudflow to the natural excavation 4. Trench 5 at the beginning is blocked by a jumper 8 with gateways. Dam 2 is also provided with sluices, and dam 3 is provided with spillways (not shown). The concave bank 9 of the mudflow river 7 is like the beginning of a pioneer trench 6, which crosses the narrowest part of the tributary channel 1

Isthmus between rivers. Concurrent with the left side of the trench 6, the bed of the selenosny river 7 is blocked here by a long-lasting powerful dam 10, which directs the mudflow to the natural pit 4. Line 11 denotes the contours of the pit, lines 12 - the boundaries of the watersheds; 13 - temporary jumper.

An example of the implementation of the proposed method of dealing with mudflows. By drilling and blasting methods (preferably in winter), attracting powerful mining equipment, proceed to the trench 5 while simultaneously forming lintel 8 with sluices. Simultaneously with the development of trench 5, dam 2 is erected with pre-installed sluices, which until completion of construction of dam 2 are left open for the flow of tributary 1. After completion of construction of trench 5, dam 2 and lintel 8, gateways of dam 2 are closed

with

Vj yu

vj Yu SL

wow. Thereby, inflow 1 is directed away from the mudflow river 7 so that inflow 1 does not increase the mudflow in the mudflow period. Thus, having dried the flow channel below the dam 2 and the location of the selected natural pit 4, the construction of the dam 3 located below the natural pit 4 is started. Using also drilling and blasting methods and mining techniques, the bottom 11 of the pit 4 expands. In this way, the material is excavated to erect the body of the dam 3. Dam 3 is constructed with spillways at different levels to provide water discharge from the excavation both during the mudflow period of time and at the normal time when river 7 sent to the pit 4 trench 6.

After the construction is completed, the dams 3 start the trench 6 from the river 7 to the tributary bed 1. The trench 6 is also carried out by drilling and blasting methods as follows. In the river bed 7 under the constructed dam 10, metal pipes with internal diameters of 200-500 mm are placed in several rows, ensuring the flow of water from the river 7 to. complete the construction of trench 6 and dam 10 while simultaneously forming a temporary jumper 13. Jumper 13 is needed only until the completion of the construction of trench 6. While developing the trench b, at the same time filling up the stacked metal pipes under the dam 10 and increasing the latter. Towards the end of the trench 6, the temporary dam 13 is removed and the mudflow river 7 is directed to the natural excavation pit 4. After this, by some buildup of the dam 10, the metal pipes under it can be completely blocked or they can be partially left open, which does not threaten the mudflow hazard period destruction of the dam 10, as the dam is sufficiently strengthened with materials removed from trench 6. Such a conduction of trench 6 ensures direct penetration of the mudflow into the pit 4. In this case, the pipes will be clogged and blocked with fragments me, dirt and sand from the impact of the mudflow itself.

Thus, the proposed method for combating mudflows is realized and the goal is achieved by diverting inflow 1, which is high in the mudflow period, away from the mudflow. This immediately reduces the volume of mudflow and its flow in any section of the river bed 7 below the mouth of tributary 1. The trench 6, which directs the mudflow to natural pit 4 located along tributary 1, completely dampens the flow velocity and its energy. With the sedimentation of the solid components of the stream in the pit 4, the stream is completely pacified, after which only the turbid stream can be discharged through the spillways of the dam 3.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula The method of protection from mudflows passing along the river bed with non-hazardous tributary, with natural valley broadening in the form of a pit located along the tributary bed, the slopes of which are located beyond the watershed line, including the development of a pioneer trench under the cover of the lintel, water diversion from the suspended river into the pioneer trench with simultaneous overlapping of the river bed with a dam below the pioneer trench, characterized in that, in order to increase the effectiveness of protection against mudflow, the channel of non-hazardous inflow overlaps the top At the bottom of the excavation area, lower ponds and lower dams, an auxiliary trench is laid in front of the upper dam, diverting the tributary water away from the mudflow river to the slope behind the dividing line, the auxiliary trench and the upper dam are made with sluices , then a dam with upper and lower sides is constructed, which overlaps the riverbed of the mudflow-prone river, while the upper side of the dam directly adjoins the wall of the pioneer trench, the latter is continued to the inflow channel from By forming it into an overflow trench, along which the mudflow is directed into the pit for sedimentation of boulders, gravel and sand, and water is discharged through the spillways of the lower dam.