SU1723488A1 - Device for securing transducers of measuring kinematic motion parameters - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of measurement, in particular to the measurement of speeds and accelerations. The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability of fastening and increase the accuracy of measurements and ease of installation. The device for mounting the sensors contains a container fixed on the building structure, in which the

Description

/

U 16 fm.b

18

A block with speed and acceleration sensors is cast. The container is made in the form of a pipe 3 with a bottom 4 at one end and a stepped flange 5 at the other. The block is made rigid with two pairs of mutually perpendicular pairwise parallel holes with threads for the respective sensors. The installation of the unit with the sensors into the container is carried out by means of a hard disk 9, to the central part of which the unit is bolted. The disk 9 is installed in the cylindrical shoulder of the stepped flange and with the help of three adjusting screws 11 is brought strictly to the specified position, for which a level, plumb, etc. can be used. The free space of the container after installing the sensor unit in it can be filled with a holding material, such as a cement-sand mortar, epoxy resin, etc. 2 hp f-ly, 6 ill.

The invention relates to the field of measurement, testing, namely the measurement of speeds and accelerations.

Liquid velocity meters (JIS) are known that can be performed for horizontal or vertical installation. They are fastened to the building structure by screwing into previously arranged respectively vertical or horizontal threaded holes, for example, elements with such holes welded to the metal parts of the structure.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the low accuracy of the measurements.

Closest to the invention is a platform (container) for installing mutually perpendicular GIS sensors on a rock mass. It has threaded holes, is made of steel angle and is installed on the surface of the cement mortar in such a way as to ensure the vertical and horizontal orientation of the sensors in space.

The specified device has drawbacks.

Firstly, it cannot provide high accuracy of measurements, since the threaded holes deviate from the horizontal or vertical direction due to inaccuracies in welding, manual installation on cement mortar, etc.

Secondly, the specified platform is inconvenient when installing a measurement system (in operation). This is because the orientation of the platform is performed manually without ancillary devices, and fixing it in the desired position — using a cement mortar that takes a long time to gain strength (and the platform can be displaced for some reason before it hardens), is subject to deformations and shrinkage. .d In addition, after installing the sensors on the platform, they are in the open unprotected position and can easily be

damaged during installation of the measurement system and during testing.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of fastening and increase the accuracy of measurements and ease of installation.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in the device for fastening the sensors for measuring the kinematic parameters of motion, predominantly for construction

constructions with dynamic impact, containing a container with a fastening unit for speed and acceleration sensors, the sensor attachment unit is designed as a block installed in the container with its orientation mechanism relative to the block and a pressure ring, the container being made in the form of a pipe with a bottom at one end and a stepped flange on the other, and the orientation mechanism - in the form of a flange installed with the possibility of rotation on the lower step and fixed to the hard disk unit with at least three adjustment screws, odeystvuyuschim with the lower flange step, wherein

the clamping ring is fixed to the outer upper flange step at at least three points, and the block is made rigid with two pairs of mutually perpendicular pairwise parallel holes with a thread

for mounting the sensors, with each pair of the axis of one of the holes perpendicular to the plane of the disk. In addition, the disk is provided with collet clamps for outputting the installation wires., And the free space of the container is filled with a holding material, mainly cement-sand mortar or epoxy resin, and there is a hole in the disk for injection from the outside through a fitting to the holding material.

FIG. 1 shows the installation of the device on the building structure; figure 2 - the same, on an inclined structure; fig.Z - the same, on a vertical structure; figure 4 - the same on the horizontal

construction; figure 5 - the device, a general view; on figb - section aa in figure 5.

The device for installing sensors measuring the kinematic parameters of the motion of a building structure under dynamic action contains a rigidly mounted (mounted) vertically or horizontally (in Figs. 1-4 in the body of the building structure I container 2. In the case of a horizontal arrangement of the container, its longitudinal axis should still be directed to given direction in the horizontal plane, for example, on the source of the dynamic effect (in accordance with the objective of the experiment).

The container 2 is (FIG. 5) a metal (steel) pipe 3 having a bottom 4 welded along the contour at the end inserted into the structure. At the other end of the pipe 3, the stepped flange 5 is rigidly fixed (welded). The container 2 is mounted in the building structure so that the stepped flange 5 protrudes above its surface (approximately not less than 20 mm), while its position for inclined surfaces is selected (vertical or horizontal) taking into account the smallest rotation of the plane of the flange 5 from the plane of the building structure 1 to the vertical (figure 1) or horizontal (figure 2) position of the axis of the sun of the container 2. The step flange 5 can be reversed as up for floor elements (figure 4) and down for ceiling elements (figure 1). The deviation of the axis of the container 2 from the vertical, horizontal or third predetermined direction can be up to 10 °, which is easily ensured when carrying out construction and installation works without the use of special devices.

It is advisable to install the container 2 into the body of a reinforced concrete building structure prior to concreting using an anchor 6 (Fig. 1-4) for fixing to reinforcement or formwork, which, after concreting, will provide reliable monolithic and eliminate vibrations. If metal insulation 7 is provided on the surface of the reinforced concrete structure (FIG. 3). It is necessary to provide a gap between the edge of the cutout in it and the container tube 3 along the entire perimeter in order to eliminate the effect of metal insulation vibrations 7.

The length of container 2 (steel pipe 3) can be chosen differently depending on the place and conditions of installation (on inclined surfaces - longer), and the internal diameter of pipe 3 should ensure that the block with sensors is placed in it, taking

into account the possibility of a certain movement during installation.

The fastening of the container 2 to the metal structure (Fig. 4) is carried out by welding at two levels (at the level of the bottom and at level 5 near the flange) around the entire perimeter. Perhaps the use of any powerful steel linings.

A rigid circular metal disk 9 is installed into the inner cylindrical ledge of a 10-step flange 5 on its lower stage 8, which, due to the gap with the edge of the upper stage 10, has the ability to rotate in its plane. Disk

5 9 is provided with an orientation device relative to the plane of the flange 5, which consists of three (or more) screws 1; 1, which are screwed into the disk 9 and abutted against the bottom step 8 of the flange 5. The orientation device is pre-assigned to install the disk 9 into a strictly vertical (using plumb line) or to a strictly horizontal (using a level) plane (flange 5 is inclined from this position to 10 ° due to inaccuracy of installation of container 2 when mounting building structures).

The disk 9 is rigidly fixed to the flange 5 (and the entire container 2) by mounting a metal (steel) pressure ring 12 on it, attracted to the outer upper stage 10 by three or more bolts 1-3. The inner diameter of the clamping ring 12 is chosen so as to ensure reliable support of the ring around the edge of the disk 9

5 along the entire contour, and it is advisable to choose the outer diameter equal to the outer diameter of the flange 5.

The inner side of the disk 9 is rigidly fixed, mainly on bolts

0 14, facing the inside of container 2, block 15 with vertical 16 and horizontal 17 speed sensors, with vertical 18 and horizontal 19 acceleration sensors. The block 15 is made of all-metal, mainly from duralumin, in order to eliminate vibrations. For installation. These sensors provide two pairs of mutually perpendicular pairwise parallel holes with a corresponding

0 thread: the holes 20 and 21 for the speed sensors and the holes 22 and 23 for the acceleration sensors are mutually perpendicular; holes 20 and 22 and holes 21 and 23 in pairs

5 are parallel. The axes of the vertical holes 20 and 22 (and the sensors 16 and 18) are perpendicular to the plane of the block 15, which is in contact with the plane of the disk 9, and therefore, are perpendicular to the plane of the disk 9. Holes 21 and 23 (and sensors 17 and 19) are parallel to the plane of the disk 9.

Since block 15 is manufactured under factory conditions with high accuracy, the perpendicularity and parallelism of said holes between themselves and with respect to the plane of the disks 9 is strictly provided.

The LIS speed sensors can be mounted to block 15 with two nuts 24 (sensor 17), screwed into the hole from both sides. They can also be mounted in a blind hole (hole 20) with a single nut 24 (sensor 16). In both cases, the sensor is fixed (clamped) on both sides, which sharply reduces vibrations compared with the console version and contributes to a significant increase in measurement accuracy. The mounting wires 25 from the sensors are led to the hole in the nut 24 (sensor 17) or to the hole in block 15 (sensor 16).

To remove the mounting wires 25 from the sensors from the container 2 in the disk 9, there are holes provided on the outer surface with collet clamps 26 to prevent breakage under strong dynamic effects (large accelerations).

After installing the unit 15c with the sensors into the container 2, withdrawing the disk 9 with the help of an orientation device in the horizontal (vertical) position and securing the clamping ring 12, the free space inside the container 2 in order to prevent possible vibrations (and distortions in the sensor readings) through fitting 27 in the holding material 28, for example, cement-sand mortar, epoxy resin, water glass with a hardener, or the like.

The proposed device operates as follows.

In the building structure 1 (Figures 1-4), during the period of construction and assembly work, in the vertical or horizontal position with an accuracy of 10 °, container 2 is mounted (steel pipe 3 with bottom 4 and stepped flange 5).

During the installation of the measurement system. The speed sensors 16,17 and accelerations 18,19 are attached to block 15. These operations for mounting the sensors can be carried out both in the field and in the laboratory (in advance). At the same time, the all-metal block 15 can be manufactured for any sensors of speed and acceleration; It is important to observe the mutual perpendicularity and pairwise parallelism of the holes for attaching them to the block (and hence the sensitivity axes of the respective sensors), as well as the perpendicularity of two of the indicated holes of the plane of the block 15 in contact with the plane of the disk 9, and reliable

rigidity and fastening strength. Figure 5 shows the layout of the block 15 for JIS speed sensors and acceleration sensors of the type AP-12.

The block 15 is securely fastened predominantly with the aid of several bolts 14 to the disk 9, while the assembly wires 25 from the sensors 16-19 are led out into the holes in the disk 9 through the collet clamps 26 and clamped. If the wires are much thinner than the holes in the clamp, then you can use a harness from some elastic sealant (soft rubber, etc.) and pass several wires into one clamp.

Then the disk 9 with the block 15 is installed in the container 2 (figure 5) by the block 15 inside the container, and the disk 9 into the step of the flange 5 on its lower level 8. After that it is advisable to install the pressure ring 12

on bolts 13, do not hurt them. This is necessary if the container 2 is located down by the flange 5 (FIG. 1) and the flange in the vertical plane (Fig. 2, 3) so that when the disc 9 with the block 15 is oriented,

spontaneously did not fall out of container 2.

Next, the unit 15 is installed with the sensors in the desired position, i.e. so that the two sensor holes are vertical (for example, the holes 21 and 23 in the container positions in FIGS. 2 and 3 or the holes 20 and 22 in the container positions in FIGS. 1 and 4) and the other two holes ( and gauge) - horizontal (holes

20 and 22 in the positions of the container in FIG. 2 and or 3 openings 21 and 23 in the positions of the container in FIGS. 1 and 4). In addition, in all cases horizontal openings (and sensors) should be directed at a given

direction in the horizontal plane. Typically, this direction (the third in spatial coordinates) is set from the point of sensor installation to the point of the source of dynamic action or corresponds to the intersection of the horizontal plane (where the axis of the horizontal sensor is located) with the cross-section plane of the extended structure.

In the case of a vertical arrangement

the container 2 (Fig. 1,4), the installation of the block 15 is performed as follows.

While the bolts 13 are tightened, by turning the disk 9 in its own plane, the axes are mounted horizontal (in this

case) sensors 17 and 19 in a given third direction in the horizontal plane. For orientation in this case, it is possible to use heads of bolts 14 protruding from the disk 9 (Fig. 5, top view), but in this case the line connecting them should

be parallel to the axis of the holes 21 and 23; You can also attach any sighting device (a fly and a slit plate) to these bolts (in terms of geometry and bolt 15). You can also apply two mutually perpendicular lines (grooves ), one of which must be parallel to the axis of the sensors 17 and 19 and orient the disk 9 (and block 15) along them. Thereafter, by rotating the three bolts 11 of the orientation device, for example, using a bubble level, the disk 9 (and therefore the sensors 17 and 19) are installed in a strictly horizontal position. For a container located by the flange 5 (Fig. 1), it is advisable to use a special magnetic shelf with a mirror mounted on the disk 9 from below, on which a level can be placed.

In the case of a horizontal arrangement of the container (Fig. 2, 3), the installation of the unit 15 is carried out as follows.

By turning the disk 9 in its plane along the plumb line, orienting to the heads of the bolts 11 or to other specially provided landmarks, the axes of the holes 21 and 23 (and sensors 17 and 1.9) are brought to the vertical plane (but not yet to the vertical position), directed approximately along the axis of the container. Then, by rotating the screws 11 of the orientation device, the disk 9 is mounted so that the latter strictly stands in a vertical plane (along the plumb line), and the axes of the holes 20 and 22 (and sensors 16 and 18), which are strictly in the horizontal plane, are directed in a given direction (for example, on a source of dynamic action), for which purpose a rod can be used specially screwed into block 15 through an aperture in disk 9 (its axis should be parallel to the axes of holes 20 and 22).

If the container 2 is located down the flange (figure 1) or vertically (figure 2.3), the rotation of the bolts 11 when installing the disk 9 in a horizontal or vertical position must be accompanied by a corresponding pushing or releasing the bolts 13 of the clamping ring 12, so as under its own weight, the container disc leaves the flange 5.

After installation of the block 15, the plane of the disk 9 will be deflected from the plane of the flange 5 by a certain angle a (FIGS. 1-3), which will essentially be equal to the angle corresponding to the inaccurate installation of the container

during construction and installation works.

After installing the unit 15 with the sensors with high accuracy into the desired position, the pressure ring 12 is installed and its reliable attraction to the flange

5bolts 13. Since the disc 9 is supported on the lower stage 8 of the flange 5 by bolts 11, it is advisable to add an orientation device to the three bolts 11 of the orientation device to more reliably support (reduce the span) and exclude vibrations when dynamically acting , still

5, several bolts (three or six), tightening them and resting against the lower stage 8 after engaging the pressure ring 12 (FIG. 1, top view). This will also contribute to the ease of installation of the disk 9 at the required positions, since from a larger number of screws 11, the operator can choose three of them for orientation, the most accessible and conveniently located ones.

After performing these operations

5 and connecting the wiring to amplifiers, recorders, etc. The device is ready to measure the kinematic parameters of the motion of a building structure. With high accuracy

0, the vertical sensors are in a vertical position, and the horizontal sensors are horizontal and directed in a predetermined direction, which ensures high accuracy of measurements. If necessary

5 unit with sensors can be removed from the container and reused at other test sites, not to mention

06use when re-loading x of the same building structure. With

0 it should be noted that if at the first loading the building structure received large residual displacements (turns), then the proposed device allows the position of the block 15 to be adjusted (by the orientation device and turning the disk 9 in its plane) in accordance with the experiment task and with high accuracy measure the motion kinematic parameters of the second (and

0 etc.) loading.

In order to more reliably eliminate vibrations and attach sensors to the building structure, especially with strong dynamic effects, the space inside the container can be filled inside the housing.

material 28 (FIG. 5), which is pumped into container 2 through fitting 27. After solidification of the tangible material 28, building 1, container 2, block 15 and sensors 16,17,18,19

they are a single whole, which excludes any vibrations and ensures high accuracy of measurements and reliability of results. However, in this case, the sensors and the unit cannot be dismantled and used at other test sites.

With dynamic effects, the device operates as follows.

The building structure under the action of dynamic load is set in motion, characterized (among other parameters) by the speed and acceleration of its individual points (elements). Containers 2 (installed as rules in characteristic points) based on the experience of theoretical and experimental studies, together with rigidly and reliably fixed blocks, sensors, etc. acquire the same speeds and accelerations as the building structure. At the same time, all the described elements of the device and its design features exclude (or reduce to a minimum) the influence of inaccuracies of installation of the sensors in the required positions, as well as interference from vibrations. Signals from sensors through a received measurement system are amplified with amplifiers and recorded with recorders (oscillographs, magnetographs, etc.).

Claims (3)

1. Device for mounting sensors measurement of kinematic parameters the predominantly building movement design with a dynamic impact, containing a container with a fastening unit for speed and acceleration sensors, which is necessary in order to increase the reliability of the mounting and increase the measurement accuracy and ease of installation of the sensors, the sensor attachment unit is made in the form of a block installed in the container the mechanism of its orientation relative to the block and the pressure ring, the container being made in the form of a pipe with a bottom at one end and a stepped flange on the other, and the orientation mechanism in the form of a flange mounted at the bottom of the flange and attached to the hard disk unit with at least three adjustment screws that interact with the lower flange step, while the clamping ring is fixed on the outer upper flange step at at least three points, and the unit is rigid with two pairs of mutually perpendicular pairwise parallel holes for mounting sensors, with each pair of the axis of one of the holes perpendicular to the plane of the disk. 2. The device according to claim 1, is distinguished, it is with the fact that the disk is equipped with collet clips for the output of wiring wires. 3. The device according to claim 1, so that the free space of the container is filled with a casing material, mainly cement-sand mortar or epoxy resin, and a hole is made in the disc for injection from the outside through the fitting into the suspending material.