SU1719833A1 - Apparatus for drying non-combustible sand materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to devices for drying fireproof sandy materials in a suspended layer and can be used in the building materials industry. The aim of the invention is to intensify the drying process and increase reliability. The plant for drying non-combustible sandy materials as a gas distribution device contains a burner for fluidized bed furnaces and, additionally, a holder in which fuel pipes with damping springs and shells plugged from the ends are installed and fixed, parts a purge system and gas supplying water pipes to the fuel pipes of the burner and taps for controlling the supply of gas fuel installed on each of them, the top of the drier The expanded chamber represents a rectangular separation zone to which a diffuser is attached at the open end for connection to the dust and gas removal system, and on the front side there are sashes closed tightly by means of an insert and bolts; , and the rotors have supports, interchangeable buckets and trays. The blower fan, the exhauster and the feeder for removing the dried material are equipped with safety automatic devices. 11 il. (Ls

Description

yu so

SA) CO

The invention relates to installations for drying non-combustible sandy materials primarily in a suspended layer and can be used in the building materials industry.

A known device for the heat treatment of polydisperse granular ma-. fluid bed materials containing devices for loading and unloading heat treatable bulk material, a continuous drying chamber, a gas distribution grid, a device for burning gaseous fuel over the fluidized bed in the upper rune, a system for removing combustion products from the drying chamber under the gas distribution grid, a blower fan and a device for connection to the vapor system.

The disadvantages of this installation are the inefficient use of heat radiation from burning gas fuel in the drying chamber above the fluidized bed and partial heat transfer by the heat and gas coolant to the structures of the heat transfer system under the gas distribution grid, which leads to a decrease in the service life of the latter and an increase in energy costs. . At the same time, the radiation intensity from the top of the fluidized bed is rapidly weakened in thickness, and the drying time of larger particles in the fluid bed of the fluidized bed does not decrease as a result.

Closest to the proposed technical entity is a plant for drying sandy materials in a suspended layer, containing a special furnace with a burner for burning fuel, a blower fan, a raw material bunker, a feeder, a drying rectangular section chamber with a gas distribution grid, a sub-grid gas supply a housing, a gas exhaust system, a rotary feeder for removing dried material, an exhaust fan, as well as temperature, pressure and rarefaction sensors.

A disadvantage of the known installation is the difficulty due to the presence of bog burner for burning fuel, which increases the cost of energy to avoid the use of heat radiation to increase the intensity of drying, reduce the service life of the gas distribution grid from exposure to high-temperature coolant, which is the product of combustion.

The purpose of the invention is to intensify the drying process and increase reliability.

The goal is achieved by the installation of a non-combustible sandy material for drying, containing a drying rectangular chamber, a gas distribution device, a gas tap for supplying fuel to the device for burning it, temperature and pressure sensors, an explosive valve, a bunker with a damper enclosed in rotary feeder housing for loading raw material and rotary feeder for removing dried material, a blower fan, a gas and gas dust collector system and a smoke exhauster, additionally contains a source of electric electric power supply, electromagnetic switch and electromagnet, gas distribution device made in the form of a burner installed in a cage equipped with a fuel supply system, including fuel pipes with shock-absorbing springs and

shells plugged from the ends, the gas supply pipe of which is equipped with a safety shut-off valve and a fuel distributor with a purge system, the fuel supply system is connected to the fuel pipes of the burner through feed pipes with control valves installed on each of them, and the drying chamber in the upper part it is provided with a rectangular section separator with a diffuser connected to the dust-gas-exhaust system, and from the front side - with tight doors, each with an insert and bolts, tori

5 feeders for loading and removing material are made detachable, and their rotors are equipped with supports, interchangeable buckets and baths, and the shafts of the blower fan, exhaust fan and feeder for removal

0 of the dried material is provided with each device controlling their rotational speed, made in the form of two stationary electrical contacts mounted on a current-conducting disk and moving

5 copper brushes attached to the free ends of the cable-tight arms; pivotally connected opposite ends with a ring tightly mounted on the end of the corresponding shaft, and

0 fixed electrical contacts are connected in series with a power source and in parallel with an electromagnetic switch equipped with a rotor in contact with an electromagnet through 5 times the electro contacts of the closing and breaking of the electromagnet electric circuit connected with the safety-shut-off valve of the gas supply pipe.

1 shows the installation for

0 drying fireproof sandy materials, right view; in fig. 2 - the same, front view, without a blower fan; in fig. 3 - the same, rear view; in fig. 4 shows a section in FIG. 2; in fig. 5-node I in FIG. four; in fig.

5 6 - node And in FIG. 4; in fig. 7 - electromechanical device and electrical safety automation circuit; in fig. 8- burner; in fig. 9 shows a section BB in FIG. eight; in fig. 10 - boot device; in fig. eleven

0 - unloading device.

A plant for drying noncombustible sandy materials in a suspended layer contains a drying chamber 1 of rectangular cross section, which in its upper

Part 5 is expanded and represents a separation zone 2 of rectangular cross section, to the open end of which a diffuser 3 is attached for connection to a dust and gas removal system, and an explosive valve 4 is installed on the front side, a bunker 5 sec.

a damper 63 attached to the drying chamber 1, a rotary feeder 6 for loading raw material with a split housing 7, a fixed part of which is attached to the drying chamber, with a rotor 64, supports 65 attached to it and interchangeable buckets 66, a blower 8 connected to installation by means of an air duct 9, a rotary feeder 10 for removing dried material with a detachable body 11, a fixed part of which is attached to a drying chamber, with a rotor 67, fixed supports 65 and replaceable trays 68 on it fluidized bed, moving and burning fuel in it, mounted in casing 13, with fuel pipes 14, parts 39 attached to the cage, with damping springs 40 and shell 15 placed on them with plugs 41 and 42 on opposite the ends, mounted on the holder mounted locking device 51 and the housing podgrelochnoy camera 53, with longitudinal nozzles 54 on fuel pipes and fittings 55, with annular gaps 56, plugged from one end and having a longitudinal slit 57 at the outlet and located along the length there are perforations 58 on the shells, and on the opposite side there are windows 59 for air inlet, with knobs 60 for turning the shells relative to fuel tubes, with fastening nuts 52 for fastening the handles, with coolant 61 and C connecting the top of the sleeve lindric couplings 62 for connecting fuel pipes to gas supply pipes, support posts 16 for the yoke and frame 17 for stands, a gas valve 18 for the gas feed tube 19 for supplying gas fuel to the device for burning it, pre-. safety shut-off valve 20 on the gas supply pipe 19 for automatic cessation of gas supply to the controller and to the fuel distributor 21 with the purge system 22, gas supply pipes 23 to the fuel pipes 14 of the burner 12 and gas fuel supply control valves installed on each of them long implementation of the calculated drying mode, temperature sensors 25 installed in the liners of the valves 26. performed on the front side of the drying chamber 1, tightly closed with a fork and bolts, pressure sensors 27 and 28 of gas fuel and air pressure or vacuum and exhaust gases, control devices 29 rotational speeds installed on the blower fan 8, the exhaust fan and the feeder 10, including two stationary electro-contacts 30 fixed on the current-conducting disk 31, and movable electrical contacts 32 assembled from copper brushes 3 3 mounted on the free ends of the current-conducting lightweight, but strong enough arms 34, having a swivel 35 opposite end with a ring 36, tightly mounted on the end of each shaft 37 of the blower fan 8,

0 exhauster and feeder 10, an electromagnet 38 mounted with a safety shut-off valve 20 via lever 47, bracket 48, rocker 49 and hammer pin 50, solenoid switch 43 with trunk 44 and power supply 45 with switches 46.

The plant for drying non-combustible sandy materials operates as follows.

0 After verifying compliance with all requirements for a gas-fired unit, set the angle of rotation of the shells 15 according to the theoretically developed drying mode and fix the handle

5 60 by fastening nuts 52 and a hinged locking device 51 include feeders 6 and 10, respectively, for loading raw material and removing dried material. Turning on the exhauster and the blower 8

0 respectively provide the required vacuum in the diffuser 3 at the place of its adjoining to the separation zone 2 and the pressure in the podgorelochnoy chamber 53 of the burner 12, using sensors 28 for this purpose. Air with

5, the ambient ambient temperature is sucked from it by the blower fan 8 and is supplied to them through the duct 9 to the burner chamber 53, where it partially passes through the gaps between the shells 15

0 into the drying chamber 1, and the main part enters through the windows 59 of the shell 15 under the fuel pipes 14, where it is re-divided into two parts, one of which passes into the gap 56 between the solid element both the seals 15 and the fuel pipe 14, and the other enters the gap 56 between the perforated shell element 15 and the fuel pipe 14 and with great speed pulls out through the perforations 58 into the perforated space of the drying chamber 1 and organizes a directional suspended layer.

According to the drying mode, the gas valve 18 mounted on the gas supplying pipe 5 is opened. The gas fuel through the open gas valve 18 passes through the gas supply pipe 19 through the chamber diaphragm of the gas flow meter with the sensor 27, the safety shut-off valve 20 and the distributor 21 to the purge valve

system 22 and to the igniter. The ignited igniter is introduced into the drying chamber 1 through the provided channel in the housing 11 of the feeder 10 to remove the dried material and is placed burning on the outer shells 15. According to the drying mode, the gas taps 24 installed on the gas supply pipes 23 are opened. The gas fuel comes from the distribution valve - body 21. passes through the gas supply pipes 23, then through the fuel pipes 14 and is pulled out through their longitudinal nozzles 54 into the gaps 56 between the fuel pipes 14 and the continuous elements of the shells 15, where it is mixed with air and in the form of a gas-air mixture, it is pulled out at high speed through the longitudinal slits 57 into the nadgorelochnoe space of the drying chamber 1, where it is re-mixed with air coming out of the perforated part of the shells 15 and at the same time the combustion of gas fuel. The entire burner 12 or its design part is ignited, bringing the design pressure of the gas fuel and simultaneously to the design temperature using, respectively, the sensors 27 on the gas supply pipe 19 and the sensors 25 inserted into the liners of the flaps 26.

The design temperature is automatically adjusted. The temperature sensors 25 transmit a signal to the actuator of the throttling (gas flow meter) gas fuel installed behind the safety shut-off valve 20. The actuator triggers and the flow rate of the gas flow meter increases at a temperature lower than the calculated one or decreases with the temperature / temperature greater than the calculated s drying chamber.

At the same time, the operation of the installation is ensured by the plugs 41 and 42 installed at both ends of the shell 15, which prevent the penetration of gas under its pressure into the environment due to the great resistance of the support points in the holes of the casing 13. A provided part 39 securing the fuel pipe the yoke 13 and the receiving longitudinal loads from the gas fuel pressure reaction, as well as the damping spring 40, mounted on the fuel pipe 14 between the part 39 and the stopper 42, extinguishing the temperature stresses arising from temperature and lengthening the sleeve 15 in the case of heating.

Gas fuel mixed with air and air in the total ratio enter the nadgorelochny space.

appropriate conditions for complete combustion of gas fuel. Combustion is accompanied by thermal radiation both in the volume of the directional suspended layer and outside

him.

The raw material enters the hopper 5 with a flap 63 pre-installed at the desired height from the top of the rotor 64 of the feeder 6 for loading the raw material.

0 The rotational speeds of rotors 64 and 67 of feeders 6 and 10 are equal, interchangeable buckets 66 and baths 68 are made with the same volumes, therefore the concentration of the dried material in the drying chamber 1 is always

5 is constant, which helps to ensure the quality of drying. The bunker 5 is equipped with a diaphragm contact level gauge, which is installed in the window of one of the most inclined sides of the bunker. The filling of the raw material of the hopper 5 is maintained at a certain level by means of a level gauge, so that the volume above the rotor 64 of the feeder 6 to the lower edge of the flap 63 is constantly in a loaded state. Under the action of its own weight, the raw material is loaded into buckets 66 that are moved along the vertical trajectory of the circumference and under the action of inertial forces and centrifugal spreads from them the top of the area of the initial calculated section of the suspended layer through the provided opening in the end wall of the drying chamber 1. Particles of material entrained by air and hot gas .5 air mixture, directed at an angle to the area of the burner 12, is moved to. a feeder 10 for removing the dried material separated by a flame in a suspended hot layer, where the thermal

0. The radiation surrounds each particle of the bulk material and is transferred to it in full volume of energy of maximum radiation, which provides a significant increase in the degree of drying simultaneously over the whole section of the volume of the suspended layer.

The logging material contains particles of a size not exceeding 5 mm. The conditions of the organization of the suspended layer contribute to its distribution by the height of the drying chamber from particles of maximum size in the burn zone to particles of minimum size in the separation zone 2 of the drying chamber 1. In the separation zone 2 due to the expanded

In part 5 of the drying chamber 1, the speeds of the particles and the waste gas-air mixture are drastically reduced, and their temperature decreases. Particles, lost in speed, under the action of their own weight are lowered in the frontal

the drying chamber 1 and, having reached the discharge opening, get through it into the chamber above the rotor 67 of the feeder 10 to remove the dried material, since this is facilitated by the pneumatic removal of particles by reducing the direction of air moving from the shells 15 turned by the longitudinal slit 57 and fixed at an angle of, for example, 20-0 ° in the area of the burner 12 adjacent to the receiving chute of the feeder 10, to a horizontal one, resulting in a significantly dense airbag in this zone. Particles that do not lose the inertia velocities of the suspended state, together with the flow of the exhaust gas-air mixture, are exhausted by a smoke exhauster into the dust precipitation system.

In case of failure in operation. For any reason, the blower fan 8 or the smoke exhauster. Or the feeder 10, the rotational speed control devices 29 are activated, installed on the ends of their rotating shafts, and the safety and shut-off valve 20 is triggered, blocking the flow gas fuel. When rotating at high speed, the shafts mounted on the ring 36 through the hinge 35, the levers 36 with copper brushes 33 under the action of centrifugal forces lift the fixed electric contacts 30 up and open. As a result of the cessation of rotation or reduction of the speed of rotation of the shafts of the above settings, the centrifugal force is reduced to a value , of lower weight of the lever 34 with the copper brush 33, the electric circuit closes as a result of the falling of the copper brush 33 on two stationary electrical contacts 30 fixed to the current supply circuit 3.1 sk, connected in series to a source 45 elektropi-. through a current transducer and a parallel electromagnetic switch 43, the measles 44 of which is a movable electrical contact for closing or breaking another electrical circuit, including the series connection of the electromagnet 38 with the switch 46, the power supply and the electromagnet switch. 43. The closure of the stationary disconnected electrical contacts 30 with a copper brush 33 creates a voltage at the terminals of the electromagnetic switch 43 and its measles 44 with electrocryphs is pressed against the electrical contacts of another circuit, creating a voltage at the terminals of the electromagnet 38. As a result, the electromagnet 38 under the influence of magnetic forces, it is drawn into the coil and lifts the free end of the lever 47, which is hinged on the hinge of the bracket 48. The opposite end of the lever 47, lowering, engages with the rocker arm ohm 49 safety shut-off valve 20, clicks on it and disengages from the pin of the impactor 5.0; The hammer of the hammer 50 falls and strikes the end of the anchor lever of the safety and shut-off valve, which comes out of engagement with the anchor and

0 falls. As a result, the valve of the safety-shut-off valve is lowered onto the seat and the flow of gaseous fuel through the valve is stopped.

The device 29 controls the speed of the rotor, mounted on the blower fan 8, the exhauster and the feeder 10, are connected in parallel with the electromagnetic switch 43.

Normally fireproof sand like

The materials have abrasive properties, therefore, to check the condition of the buckets 66 and the baths 68, respectively, the feeders 6 and 10 of the latter are unscrewed the bolts and nuts and remove the bodies 7 and 11.

5 Manually rotate the rotor 64 or 67, inspect the condition of the buckets 66 or the tubs 68 ,. and if operational defects are detected, they are replaced with new or corrected ones, after which cases 7 or 11

0 set in place -and tighten them with bolts and nuts. To check the condition of the shell 15 and the lining unscrew the nuts from the bolts of the liner and the valves 26, the first is removed, and the second open, inspect

five . each shell 15. If any defects are found on a shell or on a group of shells, operational defects are released, the locking device 51 is released from engagement, the nuts 52 are screwed in and the damaged shells 15 with plugs 41 are removed through the holes in the holder 13, and new or serviceable. During assembly, all operations are performed in reverse order.

five

The use of the proposed plant for drying non-combustible sandy materials makes it possible to intensify drying in connection with the combustion of gaseous fuel.

0 in suspended layer of raw material. The invention provides simpler installation by eliminating a special firebox for generating hot gases, and also reduces energy resources and improves the quality

5 during drying, increases the reliability of the installation and eliminates the conditions for the occurrence of explosions in connection with the installation on a blower fan, exhaust fan and feeder to remove the dried material of the safety automation device.

Claims (1)

Claims An apparatus for drying noncombustible sandy materials comprising a rectangular drying chamber, a gas distribution device, a gas tap for supplying fuel to a device for burning it, temperature and pressure sensors, an explosive valve, a bunker with a damper enclosed in a rotary body raw material feeder and rotary feeder to remove the dried material, a blower fan, a dust-gas exhaust system and a smoke exhauster, characterized in that, in order to intensify the process drying and increasing reliability, the installation additionally contains a power source, an electromagnetic switch and an electromagnet, the gas distribution device is made in the form of a burner mounted in a cage equipped with a fuel supply system, including fuel pipes with damping springs and shims the gas supply pipe of which is equipped with a safety shut-off valve and a fuel distributor with a purge system, the fuel supply system is connected to the fuel pipes mount through inlet Ki conductive pipe mounted on each crane control, with the drying chamber in the upper part equipped with a rectangular cross section separator with a diffuser connected to the dust and gas removal system, and from the front side with dense doors fitted with each liner and bolts, the bodies of the rotary feeders for loading and removing material are made detachable, and their rotors equipped with supports, interchangeable buckets and trays, and the shafts of the blower fan, exhauster and feeder to remove the dried material are provided with each device controlling their rotational speed, In the form of two stationary electrical contacts mounted on a current-conducting disc, and movable copper brushes mounted on the free ends of current-conducting levers pivotally connected to opposite ends with a ring tightly mounted on the end of the corresponding shaft, the stationary electrical contacts connected in series with the power supply and in parallel with an electromagnetic switch, equipped with a bark, in contact with the electromagnet through the electrical contacts of the circuit and the electrical circuit lektromagnita associated with the slam-shut valve boiling gas inlet tube, 1/2) Fim iNu DOFOR H fvFFFOFO ROFOurrfrfO- / I Yu P - / n-i AND R OR H fvFFFOF ROFOurrfrfO- yy (+ x ъ L w 7 S U 21 23, / / / 27/9/8 FIG. 3 17 U tf Fi.Ts 5 I FIG 6 M -B I . ; 29 ft - smoke exhauster - BOA feeder 29 Phi2.7 + 15: 57 55 k " // 3 2 59 four Ijfig .v / Uh s3 SP with with 05 s-.:S--.s