SU1717033A1 - Method for control of ph of water medium in fish farming water reservoirs - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to the fishing industry. The purpose of the invention is to expand the range of regulation and optimization of fish living conditions. A simple (double) superphosphate is introduced into the ponds, and the pH correction is carried out at a value of 9-10 in water. The reagent is introduced in the amount of 100-120 (50-60) kg / ha with a single application or in the amount of 50-60

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to the fishing industry, in particular, to methods for adjusting the pH of fish ponds.

The known method of reducing the active reaction of the medium by adding organic fertilizer and ferrous sulfate to the ponds in an amount of 250 kg / ha.

The use of organic fertilizers according to this method is associated with the effort of destruction processes and the deterioration of the conditions for growing fish in ponds. Use on large areas in significant amounts of ferrous sulphate is dangerous for fish. Even in lower concentrations, iron compounds are harmful to fish due to the formation of iron hydroxide on the gills, which leads to suffocation.

Closest to the present invention is a method of reducing the active reaction of the medium by treating the water column with burnt lime or lime marl.

However, the use of burnt lime or lime marl at high pH values (9) and the presence of free ammonia in water at high temperatures is impractical because of the possibility of ammonia toxicosis in fish. In addition, lime has an alkalizing effect.

The purpose of the invention is to expand the range of pH adjustment and thus optimize the living conditions of fish.

The proposed method optimizes the environment, reduces the incidence of fish and ultimately increases the fish productivity of ponds using a chemical that is available and harmless to fish.

An increase in pH in ponds during the spring and early summer periods occurs due to the photosynthetic activity of phytoplankton. When establishing stationississi

the paired pH level, its value becomes the leading factor in the regulation of photosynthesis. At the plateau stage, an increase in the density of culture and the number of photosynthetic units is possible only by reducing the intensity of photosynthesis of each cell, i.e. it becomes inversely proportional to the density of the culture.

By supporting the increase in the number of photoplants by the application of mineral fertilizers, it is possible to shorten the duration of this adaptive response of phytoplankton to a stressful situation, leading to an energy crisis of each individual cell, which is accompanied by a further decrease in the intensity of photosynthesis and, consequently, a decrease in pH.

To achieve this goal, under experimental conditions, for 2 years, we tested the effect of many components containing nitrogen and phosphorus in various concentrations (slurry, lime, ammonium nitrate, ammophos, nitrophos, nitroammophos, superphosphate) to reduce the pH waters of feeding ponds, in which over the course of years, the highest pH values were observed in the spring and early summer periods (up to 11 units). Of all the tested preparations, ammophos (17% P) and superphosphate (7- 8% P). The dose of phosphorus in this case amounted to 3.3 mg / l, the pH of water decreased from 9.3 to 7.8 within 1 day. The number of algae increased 1.5-2.0 times, but on the 4-5th day there was a decrease in the number of algae, caused by the deterioration of the functional state of phytoplankton, accompanied by a change of dominant species.

In the future, when testing under natural conditions in feeding ponds, only superphosphate (7–8% of phosphorus) was used. A simple superphosphate has a pH of 6.8 and in doses of 100-120 kg / ha cannot have a significant effect on the active response of the environment in the water of feeding ponds.

Conducted production tests showed that the introduction of simple (dual) superphosphate into fish ponds in a single dose of 100-120 (50-60) kg / ha or in portions with an interval of 1-2 days IB doses of 50-60 (25-30) kg / ha allows to reduce the pH of the aqueous medium by 1.0-2.3 units on the 4th-5th day after the introduction of superphosphate.

Example 1. With an increase in the pH of the aqueous medium to 10 in the fish pond was made.

simple (double) superphosphate in a single dose of 80 (40) kg / ha or in portions with an interval of 1-2 days in doses of 40 (20) kg / ha. The decrease in pH by 0.5-0.9 units. observed on the 5th day. /

Example 2. In the fish pond at

Increasing the pH of the aqueous medium to 10 was made with a simple (dual) superphosphate in a single dose of 100 (50) kg / ha or in portions with an interval of 1–2 days in doses of 50 (25) kg / ha. The decrease in pH by 1.0-1.8 units observed on the 5th day.

Example A simple (double) superphosphate in a single dose of 120 (60) was added to the fish pond with an increase in pH to 10.

kg / ha or in portions with an interval of 1-2 days in doses of 60 (30) kg / ha. The decrease in pH by 1.5-2.3 units was observed on the 4th day.

Example 4. A simple (double) superphosphate in a single dose of 140 (70) kg / ha or in portions with an interval of 1-2 days at doses of 75 (35) kg / ha was introduced into the feeding pond with increasing pH to 10. The decrease in pH by 1.5-2.3 units was observed on the 4th day.

Thus, the introduction of fish

ponds of simple (double) superphosphate in a single dose of 100-120 (50-60) kg / ha or in portions with an interval of 1–2 days in doses of 50-60 (25-30) kg / ha can reduce the pH of the aquatic environment by 1, 0-2.3 units on the 4-5th day after

making superphosphate.

The proposed method can be used at high pH values of the medium (-9) under conditions of high water temperatures. In contrast to the known method, the introduction of superphosphate does not have a toxic effect on fish due to the calcium contained in superphosphate, which blocks the toxic effect of ammonia, which is always present at high values.

pH

Claims (1)

The invention The method of regulating the pH of the aquatic environment in fish ponds, including pH determination and pH correction by introducing chemical reagents into water, characterized in that, in order to extend the range of pH control and thereby optimize living conditions fish, a simple (double) superphosphate is used as a chemical reagent. In this case, the pH correction is carried out at a water level of 9-10, and the reagent is added in the amount of 100-120 (50-60) kg / ha with a single injection or in the amount of 50-60 (25-30) kg / ha when administered multiple times with an interval between injections of 1-2 days.