SU1708188A1 - Method for evaluation of heat-resistance of plants - Google Patents

Method for evaluation of heat-resistance of plants Download PDF

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Publication number
SU1708188A1
SU1708188A1 SU904803718A SU4803718A SU1708188A1 SU 1708188 A1 SU1708188 A1 SU 1708188A1 SU 904803718 A SU904803718 A SU 904803718A SU 4803718 A SU4803718 A SU 4803718A SU 1708188 A1 SU1708188 A1 SU 1708188A1
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USSR - Soviet Union
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temperature
sheet
heat resistance
plants
thermocouple
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SU904803718A
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Russian (ru)
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Зайнудин Гамзатович Магомедов
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Дагестанский филиал АН СССР
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Abstract

Изобретение относитс  к растениеводству и может быть использовано в сельскомхоз йстве и селекционных работах. Цель изобретени  - повышение точности и ускорение способа. На лист воздействуют температурой с градиентом скорости 15-20** в 11ИИН, измер ют скорость роста температуры с помощью термопары, при этом один конец термопары прижимаюит к пластинке листа, а другой помещают в услови  посто нной температуры. По температуре, при которой .достоверно измен етс  скорость роста температуры, суд т о жаростойкости. 2 ил.The invention relates to crop production and can be used in agriculture and breeding. The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy and acceleration of the method. The sheet is exposed to temperature with a velocity gradient of 15-20 ** in 11III, the temperature growth rate is measured using a thermocouple, with one end of the thermocouple pressed against the plate of the sheet, and the other is placed under constant temperature conditions. The temperature at which the rate of increase in temperature varies reliably is judged by heat resistance. 2 Il.

Description

Изобретение относитс  к растениеводству и может быть использовано в сельском хоз йстве и селекционных работах.The invention relates to crop production and can be used in agriculture and plant breeding.

Известен способ определени  жаростойкости по измерени м градиента температуры листьев и температуры воздуха в термокамере, котора  непрерывно увеличиваетс  с градиентом 2-4° в 1 мин. Дл  осуществлени  данного способа растени  в глин ных горшочках, срезанные листь  или побеги в колбах с водой помещают в термокамеру , в которой температура воздуха непрерывно повышаетс  с градиентом 2-4° в 1 мин. Температурный градиент листьев измер ют с помощью термобатареи, спай одного конца которой плотно прижимают к пластинке листа,а спай другого конца располагают на воздухе внутри камеры.Одновременно измер ют температуру воздуха в камере. Температура, при которой происходит достоверное увеличение температурного градиента листьев, отмечаетс  как показатель жаростойкости.The known method of determining the heat resistance by measuring the temperature gradient of the leaves and the air temperature in the heat chamber, which continuously increases with a gradient of 2-4 ° per 1 minute. To implement this method, plants in clay pots, cut leaves or shoots in flasks with water are placed in a heat chamber, in which the air temperature rises continuously with a gradient of 2-4 ° per 1 minute. The temperature gradient of the leaves is measured with a thermopile, the junction of one end of which is pressed tightly against the leaf plate, and the junction of the other end is placed in the air inside the chamber. At the same time, the temperature of the air in the chamber is measured. The temperature at which there is a significant increase in the temperature gradient of the leaves is noted as an indicator of heat resistance.

Недостатки данного способа- сложность аппаратурного решени , методы подготовки образцов исследовани  и небольша  разница в изменени х величины градиента, невысока  точность и невысокий градиент роста температуры.The disadvantages of this method are the complexity of the instrumental solution, the methods of sample preparation for the study and the slight difference in the gradient size, the low accuracy and the low temperature rise gradient.

Цель изобретени  - повышение точности и ускорение способа.The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy and acceleration of the method.

Claims (1)

Способ заключаетс  в том, что контролируетс  только изменение температуры самого листа и определение жаростойкости растений осуществл етс  по изменению скорости роста температуры листа. Температуру листа измер ют с помощью термопары , подсоединенной к самопишущему потенциометру. Один конец термопары прижимаетс  к пластинке листа, а другой помещают в услови  посто нной температуры . Лист растени  прижимают к электронагревателю . Температура поверхности нагревател  увеличиваетс  линейно от 2025 до 100°С с градиентом 1° за 3-4 с. При тепловом повреждении тканей листа увеличиваетс  интенсивность испарени  влаги, что резко уменьшает рост температуры листа и на графике записи температуры отмечаетс  излом, который пр мо коррелирует с жаростойкостью растений. Дл  осуществлени  данного способа необходимо собрать установку, как показано на фиг.1, и высечки из листьев брать одних и тех же размеров, например 2-4 см , добитьс  путем регулировани  величины напр жени  и массы электронагревател  линейного роста температуры поверхности нагревател  от 20-25 до 80-100°С. Если к нагревателю прижать лист растени  и подать на печку напр жение при определенной дл  каждого вида и сорта растени  температуре, на линии записи температуры высечки получаетс  излом за счет интенсивного испарени  (как показано на фиг.1 и на ленте самопишущего потенциометра, фиг.2). По температуре излома суд т о жаростойкости растений. На фиг.1 обозначено: 1 - высечки из листьев; 2 - электропечь; 3 - термостат со льдом; 4 - потенциометр; 5 - автотрансформатор; 6 - источник питани ; 7 - термопара. Эффективность данного способа по сравнению с прототипом достигаетс  за счет проведени  массового анализа за сравнительно короткий интервал времени и высокой воспроизводимостью. При данном способе не требуетс  камеры и измерение температуры теплоносител . Поскольку измер етс  температура листа, а не градиент нагретого воздуха, показатель жаростойкости на графике отмечаетс  более четко. Способ испытан дл  оценки жаростойкости культур, принадлежащих к различным экологическим группам и отличающихс  по жаростойкости: кукуруза 46°С; со  45°С; овес 44°С; салат 42°С. Как видно из фиг.2, различные культуры отличаютс  как по скорости нарастани  температуры , так и местом излома кривой на температурной шкале. Воспроизводимость опыта высока , отклонение составл ет около 0,5°. Формула изобретени  Способ определени  жаростойкости растений, включающий воздействие на лист повышающейс  температурой, измерение скорости роста температуры листа с помощью термопары, один конец которой прижимают к пластинке листа, и по температуре , при которой достоверно измен етс  скорость роста температуры листа, суд т о жаростойкости растений, отличаю щи йс   тем, что, с целью повышени  точности и ускорени  способа, на лист воздействуют температурой с градиентом скорости 1520° в 1 мин, а при измерении скорости второй конец термопары помещают в услови  посто нной температуры.The method consists in that only the change in the temperature of the leaf itself is controlled and the determination of the heat resistance of the plants is carried out by changing the growth rate of the leaf temperature. The sheet temperature is measured using a thermocouple connected to a recording potentiometer. One end of the thermocouple is pressed against the plate of the sheet, and the other is placed under constant temperature conditions. The leaf of the plant is pressed against the electric heater. The surface temperature of the heater increases linearly from 2025 to 100 ° C with a gradient of 1 ° in 3-4 seconds. In case of thermal damage to the leaf tissues, the intensity of moisture evaporation increases, which sharply reduces the rise in leaf temperature, and a break is observed in the temperature log, which directly correlates with the heat resistance of the plants. To implement this method, it is necessary to assemble the installation, as shown in Fig. 1, and cut the leaves out to take the same dimensions, for example 2-4 cm, to achieve by adjusting the voltage and the mass of the electric heater of the linear rise in the surface temperature of the heater from 20-25 up to 80-100 ° C. If a plant sheet is pressed to the heater and a voltage is applied to the oven at a temperature determined for each plant species and variety, a kink is obtained on the recording temperature line by intense evaporation (as shown in Fig. 1 and on a recording potentiometer tape, Fig. 2) . The temperature of the fracture is judged on the heat resistance of plants. In Fig.1 marked: 1 - cutting out of the leaves; 2 - electric furnace; 3 - thermostat with ice; 4 - potentiometer; 5 - autotransformer; 6 - power source; 7 - thermocouple. The effectiveness of this method compared to the prototype is achieved by conducting a mass analysis in a relatively short time interval and high reproducibility. This method does not require a chamber and the measurement of the temperature of the heat transfer medium. Since the temperature of the sheet is measured, rather than the gradient of heated air, the heat resistance index in the graph is noted more clearly. The method was tested to evaluate the heat resistance of crops belonging to different ecological groups and differing in heat resistance: corn 46 ° C; from 45 ° C; oats 44 ° C; lettuce 42 ° C. As can be seen from Fig. 2, different cultures differ in both the rate of increase in temperature and the point of break in the curve on the temperature scale. The reproducibility of the experiment is high, the deviation is about 0.5 °. The invention The method of determining the heat resistance of plants, including exposure to a sheet of increasing temperature, measuring the rate of growth of the temperature of the sheet using a thermocouple, one end of which is pressed to the plate of the sheet, and the temperature at which the growth rate of the temperature of the sheet changes significantly, is judged by the heat resistance of plants , I differ by the fact that, in order to improve the accuracy and speed up the method, the sheet is affected by temperature with a speed gradient of 1520 ° per 1 minute, and when measuring the speed, the second end of the thermopod The fish are placed under constant temperature conditions. Фиг.FIG.
SU904803718A 1990-03-19 1990-03-19 Method for evaluation of heat-resistance of plants SU1708188A1 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117837441A (en) * 2023-03-30 2024-04-09 淮北师范大学 Evaluation and identification method for heat resistance of alfalfa

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Авторское свидетельство СССР ISfe 594927. кл. А 01 G 7/00, 1976. *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117837441A (en) * 2023-03-30 2024-04-09 淮北师范大学 Evaluation and identification method for heat resistance of alfalfa

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