SU1705954A1 - Automatic recharging device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to electrical engineering and is intended for use as a charging device for starter lead-acid batteries, which are stored for a long time in a charged state. The purpose of the invention is to expand the performance properties. The device provides simultaneous charging of several groups of batteries with their series connection in each group with pulsating current of half or half wave rectification or asymmetric current. The device is powered from a single phase network via an AC load and a semi-controlled rectifier bridge. The software control unit provides step-by-step control of the charging current based on the battery charge monitoring data. The latter is realized by means of voltage control circuits at the terminals of batteries, made of series-connected zener diodes, a resistor, and an LED, which is optically coupled to an optical receiver of a program control unit. 1 il. g (L

Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering and is intended for use as a charging device for starter lead-acid batteries, which are in long-term storage in a charged state.

The aim of the invention is the expansion of operational properties

The drawing shows a diagram of an automatic charging device.

The automatic charging device contains input terminals 1 and 2 for connection to an AC network, sequentially between which

through two series-opposite-connected diodes 3 and interconnected by anodes and forming a negative output in one of the 5 devices, an AC load of 6 is turned on, and two groups of three in each keys 7-9 and 10-12 with one-sided conductivity and one-sided blocking (which can be performed on trinistors) „The first (similar) pins 13-15 of the first group of keys are connected to the common connection point of the cathode of diode 3 and input pin 1, and the input pins 16-18 of the second group of keys 10-12 are connected to the common

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the connection point of the cathode of the diode C and the load 6 of the alternating current. The output pins 19-21 of each of the keys 7-9 of the first group are connected, respectively, each with one of the output pins 22-21 of the keys 10-12 of the second group, and these connection points, which are three positive pins 25-27 of the device, serve to connect - the corresponding three groups of batteries (LB) 28-30, each of which also contains several LBs. Parallel to each of the LB 284-28Ps, one of the Z'-31p limiters on the zener diodes, each of which consists of a glow lamp and zener diodes that open when the corresponding LB reaches 100% charge, and one of several optical-zener diode circuits, is connected 32 ,, - 32П control, each of which consists of a limiting resistor, a LED and a Zener diode, which opens before reaching the corresponding AB level of nominal capacitance, an opto sensor (LED) of each opto-zener-diode circuit each group AB mounted for simultaneous engagement with a respective opto-receiver one of three logic AND-NO elements 33-35 and to optopriemnikah one optopriemnikom one of three logic circuits 36-38 NFI-NO to ogto- receivers. The output of the first OR-NOT 36 circuit on the optocells is connected to the control input 39 of the first key 7 of the first group, through the series-connected NO circuit 0 and the first input of the AND circuit to the control 4 input 3 of the second key 8 of the first group, and through the serially connected first input The number of the first NAND circuit, the second circuit AND 7, its first input - with the control input 8 of the third key 9 of the first group. The output of the second OR-NOT 37 circuit on the opto-receivers is connected through the second input 9 of the first circuit AND to the control input of the second key 8 of the first group, and through serially connected the second input 50 of the first AND-NO circuit 5 the first input 6 of the second circuit and AND U7 - with control input 8 of the third key 9 of the first group. The output of the third circuit OR-NO 38 on the optocells is connected through the second input 51 of the second

And 7 with control input 8 of the third key 9 of the first group.

The output of the first AND-33 circuit at the opto receiver is connected via the first time relay 52 to one input 53, and directly to the other input 5 of the first OR circuit 55, the output 56 of which is connected to the control input of the first key 10 of the second group through successively the connected second circuit is NOT 57, the third circuit is And 59 (its first input is 58) with the control input 60 of the second key 11 of the second group, and through the serially connected first input 61 of the second circuit AND-NOT 62, the first input 63 of the fourth circuit And Bl - with a control input 65 of the third key 12 of the second group ,. The output of the second AND-3 circuit on the opto-receivers is connected via a second time relay 66 to one input 67a and to another directly to another input 68 of the circuit OR 69, the output 70 of which is connected via a third circuit 59 (its second input 71) to the control input 60 of the second key 11 of the second group, and through serially connected second IS-NE 62 circuit (its second input 72) and the fourth IB circuit (its first input 63) with control input 65 of the third key 12 of the second group. The output of the third AND-: NOT 3.5 circuit on the optocells is connected via the third time relay 73 to one input 7, and directly to the other input 75 of the third OR circuit 76, the output 77 of which is connected via the fourth And 6 circuit (its second input 78) with control input 65 of the third key 12 of the second group.

The principle of operation of the device is based on the fact that if ABs are grouped into separate groups so that each group contains several series-connected ABs, then using three types of charging current (asymmetric, which uses one half-period for each period of the normal full-wave and half-wave current - without discharge current pulses) and the possibility of obtaining this charge from the current generator using a single-phase AC network (i.e. In the simplest case, it is possible to create a charging device in the simplest case through a glow lamp (6), in which several LB groups with different total emf and nominal capacitances connected in parallel with each other and completely independent of each other will be charged to press different types of charge current both in each group and in each of the groups separately. "The charge of an AB is carried out by small currents (not more than 1 L), therefore the circuits controlling the PROGRAMMING BLOCK

{optoelectron-zener-diode control circuits of AB and limiters 31CH-31P (on Zener diodes)), creating an asymmetric current mode with a greater degree of asymmetry, at which the energy received by the AB at a charge of one half period is equal to can be performed on the simplest stabilization schemes

The device provides several modes of operation depending on the state of AB in each group of DBs (the device is treated into three groups of AB, but in principle it can be performed on a larger number of groups of AB)

The first mode is possible in the case when all ABs of the three groups 28, 29 and 30 are charged below the level of 85-95% of their nominal capacities. In this mode, the optocouplers (LEDs) of all the opto-Zener-diode 32, -32P control circuits are not hot. The outputs of both the three OR-NOT 36-38 circuits and the three-AND I-HE circuits 33-35 on the opto receivers have high potentials (1), as a result, the first key 7 of the first group and the first key 10 of the second group are opened through the scheme OR 55 All the other keys 8, 9 and 11, 12 of both groups are closed, as with the help of the other 57, 59, 0, 2 logic circuits , 62, and zero potentials (0) 0 are provided on their control inputs 60, 3, 65 and 8. In this mode, the charging current flows through the first AB group. boih network half periods having a value, n mainly determined by the resistance of load 6 AC (preferred to use an incandescent lamp having a current-stabilizing effect as this load).,

The second mode of operation occurs when, in the first group of AB 28, —28c, one of the batteries is charged to the level of 83-95% of the nominal capacity of the hot tap, As a result, by means of a single optronic-stringlite circuit of 32 n

control of the first group /.8 AB at the output of the OR-NO 36 circuit on the optocells provides a low potential that closes the first key 7 of the first group and creates the condition by logic circuits 0 and 5 for the flow of the charging current of one half-period through the second 8 or third 9 key of this the first group, powered by the same half cycle of the network. The logic of the circuit is designed so that in this half-period the charge current with all the ABs uncharged will be the second 29 and the third 30 groups will flow first through the second AB 29 group, because through the OR-NOT 37 circuit and the AND 2 circuit at the control input 3, the second key 8 of the first group is provided with a high opening potential. The key 9 of this group will be closed by a high potential removed from the OR-NOT 37 circuit, which is fed to the second input 50 of the AND-HE circuit J 5 5. In this mode, in one half-period the current will continue to flow through the key 10 of the second group, ensuring the charging of the remaining batteries of the first group to a level of 100 charges, and in the other half of the network through the key 8, the current will charge the group 29 AB to those until at least one of the batteries in this group is charged to a level of 85-9555 charge. AB of these groups may have different total EDG. and nominal capacities, since they are charged in different half-periods of the network with completely eliminated mutual influence.

The third mode of operation is realized when the AB of the first group of 28 reaches both 85-95% and 100% of the charge level0. This is ensured by the fact that when individual batteries of this group reach the level of charge, in the second mode they continue to flow The charging current, which ensures that they are charged to the 100% level, Moreover, if the individual batteries of this group have a level of 100% charge before the last battery is charged to the level, when they reach the level of 100% charge the corresponding schemes of the ogre are opened nichiteley on Zener precluding d recharging these batteries and provide flow therethrough discharge current pulses asymmetric promoting recovery

to

AB “For the dose of the last battery of this group 28 (as in all other groups) from the level of 85-95% to the level of 100 charge, the first time relay 52 is provided, respectively, in the other groups of AB, which provides the necessary Serial delay of the open state of the first key 10 of the second group from the moment when the output of the NAND 33 circuit on the opto receivers goes from high to low potential, ie the output potential 56 of the circuit OR 55 is low, indicating a 100% charge level of all ABs the first group 28 appears After some adjustable time required to dispense the last battery of this group from the level of 85-95% to 100% of the level of charge. After the low potential at output 53 of the first time relay 52 (respectively, and at the output of the first circuit OR 55), the third mode of device reboot begins. If in this mode, the current flowing through the second key 8 of the first group, by this time did not provide dosar at least one battery of the second

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circuit AND 7 in its second inlet, the potential on which is determined by the third group of 30 AB), after all the ABs of the second group 29 are charged to a level of 100% charge, the current of both half-periods of the source of the network can flow through the third group of 30 AB, in which the charge processes will proceed in the same way as in groups 28 and 29 o At the end of the charge cycle, all battery groups are fully charged to the level of 100% charge of their nominal capacities; all ABs of all groups (and at least one battery of any AB group will not decrease charges less than 85-95%), the source of the network is disconnected from the latter by closing all the keys of the first (7-9) and second (10-12) groups. The described modes are implemented in any sequence (depending on the state of all ABs), but in the program block of the device there is a hard work algorithm that ensures the predominance of charge in the order sequence regardless of the state of other AB groups of the first group 28 before the second 29 and third groups second 29 corpse

group 29 to the level of 85-95% of the air of 30 py before the third 30, which in a cycle, through this group, 29 AB is also charged back to the last.

At the beginning, the charging current of both half-periods of the network flows until (as in the first group 28 AB), the battery does not charge to the level of 85-95% of charge at least one battery of this group. Keys 9 and 12 of the third group 30 are also closed, since the potential is detected at the inputs of the circuits determining their mode (at input 72 of the IS-62 circuit 62 and at the input 50 of the IS-NOT 5 circuit), a high potential. In this mode, the first group 28 AB is disconnected from the mains source due to its charge, and the third group 30 AB is disconnected due to the fact that in this mode the charge current from both half-periods uses the second group 29 AB completely.

Intermediate modes of operation of the device are visible from the logic of the circuit shown in the drawing, i.e. if at least one AB of the second group 29 is charged to a level of 85-95% of charge, then one half period will flow through it through the second key 11 of the second group, and the other half period will flow through the third group 30 AB (through the third key 9 the first group, if not closed the second

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circuit AND 7 in its second injection, the potential for which is determined by the state of the third group 30 AB), after all the ABs of the second group 29 are charged to 100% charge, the current of both half-periods of the network source is allowed to flow through the third group of 30 AB, in which the charge processes will proceed in the same way as in groups 28 and 29 o At the end of the charge cycle, all battery groups are fully charged to the level of 100% charge of their nominal capacities; all ABs of all groups (and will not decrease at least on one battery of any AB level group charge field intensity below 85-95%), a network source otklyuchits from the latter by closing all the keys of the first (7-9) and second (10-12) groups. The described modes are implemented in any sequence (depending on the state of all ABs), but in the program block of the device there is a hard work algorithm that ensures that the first group 28 predominates in the charge sequence regardless of the state of the other AB groups of the first group 28 before the second 29 and third group, the second 29 corpses before the third 30, which is in the cycle

right before the third 30, which in the cycle

charge the last.

The use of the proposed device allows maintaining long-term storage with a continuous charging process and a large number of batteries with different electromotive forces and nominal capacities from one charging device.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula An automatic charging device that contains input pins for connecting the source alternately through two diodes connected in series through each other, interconnected by anodes, to which the negative output terminal of the device is connected, an AC load is included, characterized in that, in order to broaden the operational properties, two groups of keys are inserted, each with three keys, the input pins of the first group of keys are connected to the connection point of the cathode of the first diode and the input output for connecting sources of alternating current, and the input The second group of switches is connected to the common connection point of the cathode of the second diode and the AC load, the output pins of each key of the first group are connected respectively to one of the output pins of the keys of the second group, and these connection points of the output pins of the keys of the first and second groups are connected each through one of the three groups of batteries with a negative output terminal of the device, Zener diodes are connected to the terminals for connecting each battery connected in series in groups optron-zener diodes and battery charge monitoring circuit, the latter being designed to interact simultaneously with one opto receiver of one of the three AND-NO circuits and one opto receiver of one of the three OR-NOT circuits, the output of the first OR circuit is NOT connected with the control input of the first key of the first group, through the first circuit connected in series with the first NOT circuit and the first AND circuit, its first input is connected with the control input of the second key of the first group, and its serial input the first input, the second AND circuit, its first input — with the control input of the third key of the first group, the output of the second OR circuit — OR at the optical receivers, is connected through the first AND circuit and its second input — with the control input of the second key first groups, and through serially connected the first NAND scheme, its second input, the second AND scheme, its first input - with the control input of the third key of the first group, the output of the third circuit OR NOT on the opto receivers is connected via the second AND circuit, its second input is connected to the control input of the third key of the first group, the output of the first AND – NOT circuit on the opto receivers is connected via a time relay with one input, and directly with another input of the first OR circuit, the output of which is directly connected to the control input of the first key of the second group, through the second connected NOT circuit and the third AND circuit, its first input to the control input of the second key of the second the group, and through the serially connected second IS-NOT scheme, its first input, the fourth AND scheme, its first input - with the control input of the third key of the second group, the output of the second AND-NO scheme on the opto receivers is connected via a second time relay with one input and directly to another input of the second OR circuit, whose output through the third AND circuit and its second input is connected with the control input of the second key of the second group, and through the second AND circuit, which are sequentially connected, the second input and the fourth AND circuit, her first with a control input rubs its key of the second group, the output of the third AND-NOT circuit on the opto-receivers is connected via the third time relay with one input, and directly to the other input of the third OR circuit, the output of which through the fourth AND circuit and its second input is connected to the control input of the third key of the second group. „TЈ ---- I IL: - Kj  (ty   @n ZCHG11 . G - .. 1; G.N. & 3Ji y iiHj.  Yes 54 ii ---- i u ----- J 5Ј // hIN // ZY CK I / c 3p | (g) -4Z3l i (M) -yOE  - - - , 51n .L .J L J L- - - piijih 9l-4h P .7 -, email Ni frT ---- -rrL-- I r-- i-4 // 52 and hX / JJ-J - - - .-, / - g - - j p- h h t M h VlaT