SU1703995A1 - Instrument for recording forces of entanglement and pulling resistance of plant stalks - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to devices for determining the physicomechanical and technological properties of plants. The aim of the invention is to simplify the design and expand the functionality of the device for recording the cohesive forces of agricultural crops. In addition to measuring the resistance to pulling out the stalks of agricultural crops, the device additionally allows you to measure the vertical and horizontal forces of cohesion (confusion) of the apical part of the stalks. 3 h. n. f-ly, 5 ill.

Description

The invention relates to devices for determining the physicomechanical and technological properties of plants.

The aim of the invention is to simplify the design and expand the functionality of the device for recording the cohesive forces of agricultural crops.

FIG. 1 shows a device for detecting adhesion forces and resistance to pulling out plant stems, front view; in fig. 2 - additional base with tubular elements (of various sizes) for operating the device on too high stem and stacks (inserted about holes) for operating the device in a horizontal position; in fig. 3 - fixed (mounted on a wooden platform) and movable (installed instead of a replaceable tip) clamps with elastic pads for operating the device in a horizontal position; in fig. 4 - working replaceable tips of a triangular, trapezoidal and round profile,

cross section; in fig. 5 is a diagram of the operation of the device in a horizontal position to determine the forces of adhesion of an entangled plant bundle (the device is installed on a flat wooden platform).

The device (Fig. 1) contains a frame 1; racks 2, movable carriages 3-5, cups 6, measuring springs 7 and 8, screw pairs 9 and 10, holes 11 for additional stands, bevel gear 12, crossbar 13, interchangeable tip 14, ball bearings 15 and 16, guide pins 17, recording devices 18 and 19, additional frame 20, centering nuts 21, clip 22, hole 23 for the stem, stem 24.

The external force to the carriages is communicated through the bevel gear 12 with a manual drive (the drive handle is not shown) and screw pairs 9 and 10. The measurement readings are recorded by the recording devices 18 and 19 in the form of a diagram line on the screen.

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With the device; with the help of the device with the help of the i nuts i about the night nuts 2 1 with oi no MSI there is an additional frame, sue from the fixed guides of the head Ly 17 with the shield piping peaks 15 (to maximize friction) and external, telescopically movable tubes 20 with ball bearings 16. but which are interchangeable working tips 14.

Two additional equipment are supplied to the device (25) (fig. 2) with tubular joints of various lengths, to be installed at the required measurement height, replaceable tips (fig. 4) triangular 26, U-shaped 27, circular 28 profile and movable zhzh.m 9 (Fig. 3) with elastic pads, as well as a fixed clip 30 (Fig. 3) with elastic butts and two additional stoics 31 (Fig. 2) for operating the device in a legal position.

Measurements by the instrument are carried out as follows.

Determination of resistance to pulling stalks of agricultural crops.

The growing stem of the plant is cut at the installation height (cut, pulling, etc.). The rest of the butt part of the stem 24 is passed through the opening 23 in the frame 1 of the device and clamped by the clamp 22. By rotating the handle of the device through the conical rsdunor 12, the torque is transmitted to the pint, as a result the nut 9 rises through a pint, acting through the carriage 5, the spring 7 , the carriage 3 and the clamp 22 on the stem .-} by a certain pull out force PH. The recording is recorded by the recording device 19 of the type of diagram line on the screen. Physical units of force are determined from a calibration chart of a pre-garment spring.

Measurements of the resistance of pulling out of the stems can be made both with the upper part of the device, and without it, since it is n;: letena is removable.

Determination of vertical efforts of couplingness (confusion) of the apical part of stalks of agricultural crops.

With the lower part of the device using centering (ack 21 joins the upper additional. The device is installed between the rows under the center of confusion or the top of the plants. The torque of the handle of the device using a bevel gearbox 12 and the upper screw pair 10 is transformed forward translational motion telescope 20, which, when raised, overcomes the resistance of the PCs of coupled stems.

the device is carried out in a manner similar to that of the previous experience with the registering device 10. If it is necessary to carry out measurements on

cultures (kenaf, ku.uruz, hemp, etc.), the device is installed with no doses of additional bases 25 (Fig. 2) and is brought under the required height of measurement with the help of tubular joints. According to the research program, the necessary tip 26-28 is connected with the telescope (Fig. 4).

Determination of horizontal stresses adhesion efforts of plants.

5 It is determined under static conditions on a flat wooden platform 32 (Fig. 5) (for example, on a table on a field mill). On the instrument telescope 20, a movable element 29 (Fig. 3) is fastened with elastic spacers. The device is installed using additional racks 31 (Fig. 5) in a horizontal position. At the same time, the telescope moves forward as far as possible. The device is fixed to the fixed

5 clamp 30 (FIG. 5) with elastic pads. The freshly cut bundle of stems is carefully divided in the cut part into two halves, one of which is bolted to the fixed halves.

0 clamp, and a friend in the mobile. The measurement is carried out as in previous experiments.

The proposed selection for registering adhesion forces and resistance to pulling out the stems of plants allows, under field conditions, to produce a wide range of experimental studies of the physicomechanical and technological properties of plants. Its main

0 advantages are design simplicity, versatility, ease of measurement, not requiring operator's high qualification,

Claims (4)

Invention Formula 5 1, A device for registering adhesion forces and resistance to pulling out plant stems, containing a support with a frame on which two carriages are fastened, the first measuring spring, the first resolver, the load unit, made in the form of a gearbox and placed on the first carriage, is stationary mounted on a stand, also has a stalk, characterized in that 5 that, in order to expand the functionality, it is equipped with a third and fourth carriage, an additional frame, a second recording device, a second measuring spring, and the frame is made in the form of two unequal racks, the upper parts of which are made about a saw of guide pins, on which an additional frame is located, made in the form of tubular elements, connected in the upper and middle parts by means of a replaceable tip and crossbar, while the second and third carriages are placed between the support and the first carriage respectively and made A first measuring spring and a first recording device are installed movable relative to the frame, and between these carriages, in addition, a clip for the stem is connected to the second carriage, and between the first carriage and the first The fourth karetka is located at the warehouses and a second measuring spring and a second measuring device are installed between the last two, and the gearbox the respective screw pairs are connected to the fourth and third carriages. 2. The device according to claim 1, of which it is provided with an additional connection connected to the frame by means of tubular elements. 3. The device according to p, 1, about tl and h and y and with the fact that it is equipped with additional interchangeable tips. 4. The appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with additional posts, fixed and movable clamps with elastic pads, with the additional stands rigidly mounted in the holes of the stationary carriage perpendicular to the additional frame, and the movable clamp is installed in the place of a replaceable tip.  „W -rtH v /// / s / /// /// / /// FIG. 2 Pt / g. C -with W sh tp tp FIG. five