SU1694734A1 - Method and circular-knitting machine for making warp-weft knitted tubular fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to knitwear production, in particular, to methods for producing on the circular machine a cultivating weft-main tubular knitwear used as filter sleeves in the production of cement, dyes, for cleaning aerosols, liquids, for transporting loose and granular products, and machine for its implementation, and allows you to improve the quality of knitwear by increasing the uniformity of the looped structure. To do this, in the knitwear production method, the main threads are laid in the inter-needle gaps, to form the crown of the warp, on the outside of which the ground threads are laid under the hooks of the tongue needles, and the weft threads are on the inner side of the warp, and the ground threads are then looped between the main thread inside the crown of the base, and the stitches of the loops from the plotters of the main threads are dropped onto the main threads. A circular machine for carrying out the method comprises a needle bed made in the form of a faceplate or cylinder with grooves for tongues and needles, locking systems with channels between the wedges for accommodating needle strings, soil and weft thread carriers and radially fixed tubular plotters of the main threads mounted in place. descending from them the main threads intersecting rows of needles (between the needles). 2 sec. and 3 C.p. f-ly, 38 ill. (L o Yu X 00

Description

The invention relates to a knitwear industry, in particular, to methods for producing a weft-weaving knit on a circular knitting machine.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the weft-base knitwear tubular form.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of the process of looping in the process of making a machine containing

needle bed made in the form of a faceplate. The faceplate is conditionally deployed. The order of the sequence of interaction of the tongue needles and the direction of movement of the soil and weft yarn feeders is from right to left. The arrows indicate the directions of needle movement in the grooves of the needle bed, Figures 2 and 3 are a diagram of the process of looping in the process of making a machine with a needle bed made in the form of a cylinder. Cylinder conditionally deployed. In the section A-A-B-B in Fig. 2, the beginning of the process of looping is shown, in the section B-B-B-B in Fig. 3 its continuation, the arrows indicate the directions of the movements of the needles. The order of priority of the interaction of the tongue needles is from right to left; 4 to 11 show successive phases of the process of looping, in which the arrangement of the organs of loop formation corresponds to the positions of GG, D-D, EE, LCF, AND-I, K-K, L-L, M- M in FIGS. 2 and 3 (in FIGS. 8 and 9, the cuts of the weft yarn are not shaded for readability of the drawing); in fig. 12 is a horizontal projection of H — H in FIG. 3 of the looping process, illustrating the loops being dropped from the plotters of the warp with a weft thread and wound onto a looped row supported on a needle cylinder; in fig. 13 is a diagram of the process of weaving yarns one to another; Fig. 14 shows the operation of imposing several weft threads on a hinge row. The weft threads in the section are not shaded for readability of the drawing; Fig. 15 is a kinematic diagram of a circular die machine, including a needle bed made in the shape of a faceplate; on Fig - faceplate; in fig. 17 — a device for guiding the main yarns to the inter-needle gaps; on Fig - plotter main thread; in fig. 19 - weft yarn driver; Fig. 20 is a horizontal projection of the needle trajectory and the location of the weft and soil filaments in the loop formation process. The order of rotation of the needles and yarns is from right to left; FIGS. 21-25 are consecutive phases of the process of looping, in which the arrangement of the organs of loop formation corresponds to the positions of the PP, P-P, C-C, T-T, Y-U in FIG. 20; Fig. 26 is a kinematic diagram of a machine comprising a needle cylinder; FIG. 27 shows the mechanism in the undercarriage; FIG. 28 shows the guideline of the main thread in the inter needle gap; on Fig - the sender of several main threads in the inter needle gap; FIG. 30 shows a device for mounting main thread guides; FIG. on Fig - weft yarn feeder; on Fig - zychkova needle; on Fig - needle cylinder; on Fig - section of the needle cylinder in the groove of the needle in place of the stroke of the needle head; Figures 35-38: kulir purl weft-base knitwear and its variants

The method of the borrower is carried out on a circular machine for producing a weft-weft knit which has a needle bed made, for example,

in the form of a faceplate with tongue needles placed in the needle grooves, with their heads facing the outside of the faceplate.

The machine is made mainly with a fixed needle bar and rotating locking systems. The proposed method can be implemented on a machine with a rotating needle bed and fixed

0 locking systems. Since this is of no fundamental importance for the implementation of the method, the method carried out by the machine with a fixed needle bed is further considered.

5 The main threads 1 (FIG. 1), which form the crown of the base, are laid between the tongue needles 2 by means of, for example, tubular plotters 3 of a special construction, assembled in a closed row.

0 Moreover, plotters 3 at the exit point of the threads 1 (place a) intersect a row of needles 2, i.e. at a certain time during the process of looping, they are between the needles, but do not extend beyond the backs of the needles.

5 After laying the threads 1 in the inter-needle gaps on the outer side of the crown of the warp, under the hooks of the needles 2 that have entered the end (the leftmost needle and others), lay a ground thread 4, which,

0, when the needles 2 are moved into the depth of a row, the plotters 3 are cooled between them and the hooks of the needles 2 into loops 5, which are passed through the old loops 5a, the course of which along the needles is limited by the baffle surface. Then, in the throat b, formed between the plotters 3 and the loops 5, a weft thread b is laid, which, for example, with its special yarn feeder (or other machine organ), is placed behind

0 backs of needles 2 (the direction of impact on the weft thread 6 is shown by the arrow c). Before placing the weft yarn b behind the backs of the needles 2 looped broaches 5c of the loops 5 are dropped from the plotters 3 onto the yarn 1 of the warp.

5 with a special yarn feeder, described below. Then the needles 2 are released in conclusion, and the process in the undercut continues.

The proposed generation method is also carried out on a circular die machine,

0 which has a needle cylinder with tongue-shaped needles with their heads turned in the direction of making a web (for example, downwards).

The method of earning the first row of the pre-marketed Kulir weft-base knitwear and its production (Figures 2 and 3) is carried out as follows.

The main yarns 1 forming the crown of the warp are laid between the needles 2a using, for example, tubular plotters For a special construction, assembled in a closed row (the cut of the plotters of Za and threads 1 are shown before they enter the inter needle gap). Then, from the outside of the rim of the warp, under the hooks of the needles 2a, which were left in conclusion (the extreme right and other neighboring needles), they lay a ground thread 4 (Fig. 4), which is smoked between the hooks of the needles 2a and the Plotters (thread guides) intersecting needles 2a, but not extending beyond their backs, at the exit from the plotters Behind threads 1 (in the place of figure 5), and in the gap d formed between the plotters Behind the main threads and loops 5, lay the tensioned weft thread 6, the beginning of which is pre-fixed on the needle cylinder. The weft thread 6, due to the curvature of a row of needles assembled into a needle cylinder (needle bed) 7, approaches loops 5 (fig. B), the tension of which is somewhat weakened by the movement of the needles 2a to the plotters of the main threads 1, and drops the stitches 5c. loops 5 with plotters For the main thread 1 (Fig.7). Dropping the protrusion 5c of loops 5 with the plotters. Flipping the loops of the row onto the needle bed 7 can also be done with a special weaver-disperser-plotter (not shown). The course of the loops 5 in the depth of the crown of the main threads under the action of the weft threads 6 is limited by a special limiter, for example a needle bed 7 (Fig. 8). During the exit of the needles 2a in conclusion, the loop 5 located on the needle 2a moves along the hook and the tongue 26 of the needle 2a. At the same time, the movement of the loop 5 along the needle and during its descent from the tongue 26 is prevented by the weft thread b pressed to the loop 5 and wound on the loop 5 resting on the needle cylinder 7. Then the weft thread is displaced by the longitudinal needle cylinder under the plotters , in this case, the stop 8, which is equipped with a needle 2a on the back side (Fig.9). This is the end of the earnings of the first jersey.

Further development is carried out in a similar manner. After laying the ground thread 4 under the hooks of the needles 2a (Fig. 3), the hooks of the needles are closed with their tabs under the action of old loops 5, the ground thread 4 is between the plotters Z and the needles 2a and pulled through the old loops 5 dropped from the needles 2a. in the form of a new loop 5a, the weft thread b is placed on the loops 5a (Fig. 10), and by it, the strips 56 of the loops 5a are dropped from the plotters Za (Fig. 11) and pressed against the needle cylinder 7 (Fig. 12). When the needles exit into conclusion, the needles 2a, with their stops 8, move the weft

thread b under the plotters For and nailed it to the previously uncoupled looped rows of ladies (Fig. 13). At the same time, the previously formed looped rows wrapping around the needle cylinder and therefore forming the inner surface of knitwear of the same diameter are shifted from the needle cylinder and, after operating, several drop loop rows are dropped from it. Then the needles occupy

10, the initial position (Fig. 4), and the knitwear production process continues.

In the embodiment of the method of generation on the loops 5a, which are magnified by needles 2 and between the plotters. Behind the main threads 1, 1, several weft threads 6, 6a, 66, 6b are laid one above the other (Fig. 14), due to which the height of the looped row (reduced vertical density) is obtained by several orderly arranged weft threads, which significantly increases the productivity of the knitwear production method.

Thanks to the described method, the knitting is made of a very dense knitwear and a more uniform inner diameter (calibrated), and they are also able to produce knitwear from hard threads (metal wire, synthetic fishing line, etc.).

A circular machine (Fig. 15) for carrying out the production method comprises a frame 9, to which a needle bed 11 is attached by means of a suspension bracket 10.

5 is made in the form of a faceplate with tongue needles 2, the webs of which are placed in the channels between the wedges of the locking systems 12, the weft yarn feeders 13 connected to them, fed by the weft thread 6, the gathering -.

0 slit through the eyes 14 and 15, mounted on a rack 16, with forgings 17, placed on a spool mounted to gear 18, connected with leads 19 to lock systems 12 and engaged with gears

5 gear 20, interlocked on the shaft 21 with gear 22, which is hooked to gear 23, which carries the spool of the bar of the ground yarn 4 with forgings 24, tucked into the ground yarn feeders 25, reinforced

0 using racks 26 with gear 23.

Needle 11 of the machine is made in the form of a faceplate (Fig. 16) and consists of a core 27 with radial grooves 28 to accommodate 5 tongue needles 2.

To direct the main threads 1 v between the needles 2 of the faceplate 11, there is a threading device 29 mounted with brackets 30 connected to the machine bed.

The guide device 29 (FIG. 17) located above the faceplate 11 consists of a ring-shaped skeleton 31 with radial grooves 32 into which the plotters of 3 main threads 1 are inserted, fixed by screws 33 or, for example, soft solder.

Each plotter 3 (FIG. 18) is made of a funnel-shaped tube 34, a weft yarn passing at its exit into a chute 35, thinned in width and height, and placed in the needle gap of the faceplate 11 at the level of the bottom 36 of its needle groove 28.

The weft yarn feeder 13 (FIG. 19) consists of a skeleton 37, passing (in the direction opposite to its entrance during operation) into the shank 38 with a vertical hole 39 for placing the weft thread b in it in the direction indicated by the arrow. The bottom surface of the frame 37 is made so that its contour 40, obliquely located relative to the plane e formed by the bottoms 36 of the needle grooves 28, smoothly passes into the contour 41, located parallel to the plane e. The height of the shank 38 between its lower contour

41 and parallel to the upper contour

42 is 0.5-1 mm.

The locking systems 12 of the machine are designed in such a way that a channel for placing a string of needles 2 between the wedges of the locking system 12 allows the needles to move along the path 43 shown in Fig. 20.

The process of looping is carried out according to the production method outlined above, as follows.

Under the hooks of the needles 2, after the operation is performed, the soil thread 4 is laid with a soil thread sealer 25 (Fig. 21), which overlaps with the tongue of the needle 2 as it moves toward the center of the faceplate (Fig. 22). Then, the primer thread 4 is curled into loops 5a between the plotters 3 and the hooks of the needles 2 and passed through the old loops 5 located at the corners (Fig. 23), the needles come out a little forward, and the weft thread guide 13, with its smooth contour 40, drops the stretch 56 of the new loop 5a with the plotters 3 (Fig. 24) and the lower contour 41 of the shank 38 leads the weft thread 6 tucked into the hole 39 under the backs of the needles 2 (Fig. 25), after which the last ones come out in the final position (Fig. 21), and the process continues to be in progress.

Another wheelhouse for the machine (Fig. 26) for carrying out the method of generating comprises a frame 44 to which, at

the aid of the hanger 45 is attached to a needle cylinder 7 with tongue needles 2a, the feet of which are placed in the channels between the wedges of the locking systems 46 connected to

they weft yarn feeders 47, fed by thread 6, descending through the eyes 48 and 49, mounted on a rack 50 with forgings 51, placed on a spool mounted with gear 52, connected by

0 leashes 53 with locking systems 46 and fixed with gear 54, interlocked on a shaft. 55 with gear 56, which is engaged with gear 57, bearing a spool with forgings 58 with ground threads

5 4, tucked through eyes of 59 and 60 into ground thread carriers 61, reinforced with the help of racks 62 with gear 57,

For guiding the main threads 1 between the needles 2a of the needle cylinder 7, there is a thread guide device 63 mounted with brackets 64 with a frame 44.

Each locking system 46 (Fig. 26) of the mechanism in the knuckle (Fig. 27) consists of five wedges 65 and enclosing wedges 66, which are rigidly attached to the body 67 by screws 68, and a culinary wedge 65 by screws 69 to the slide 70, which is connected with screws 71 spring loaded 72

0 to the guide 73 with an adjusting screw 74 fixed by a spring-loaded spring 75 with a retainer 76.

Lock systems 46 are mounted in housing 67, which is hinged with

5 covers 77 and screws 78 to a ring 79, fastened with screws 80 to a clip 81, connected by screws 82 to a needle cylinder 7 placed on the suspension 45 by means of a sliding key (not shown) and hake 83 and 84.

The cover 77 has an opening 85 for placement-the driver 53, fastened to the gear 52 (FIG. 26).

The adjustment screws 74 are located

5 in the holes of the stop ring 86, connected to the body with 67 screws 87.

Each thread guide behind (FIG. 28) is made in the form of a tube 88, passing from the main thread 1 to the place of its exit (the place

0 g) into a chute 89 installed in width and height. In the embodiment of its embodiment, the thread guide (Fig. 29) is made in the form of a tube 90 passing to

5 to the place where the threads exit from it into the groove 91, thinned in width and height, where the thread guide is made in the form of the cells 92, 93, 94, 95 in the place where the main threads enter the main threads and the inner surface of the tube

Thread guides Over using screws 96 mounted in a ring 97, suspended on brackets 64 (Fig.27) connected to the frame 44 (table) of the machine. In the ring 97 (FIG. 3), made with equidistant holes 98, in an amount corresponding to the number of needles, there are holes 99 for insertion and distribution of the main threads 1. In the case of thread guides containing several cells for filling with the main threads (FIG. 29), the number of holes 99 for insertion and distribution of the main threads 1 corresponds to the number of needles, and the number of holes 98 for mounting thread guides are reduced by a multiple of the number of threads placed in each thread guide. Threaded holes 100 are provided to attach ring 97 to bracket 64.

Under the thread guide Behind the main threads 1, the ground yarn feeders 61 were mounted, fastened on the uprights 101 with screws 102, and above the thread guides Za - weft thread guides 47, fixed on the brackets 103 with screws 104.

The weft yarn feeder 47 (Fig. 31) is made in the form of a shaped plate 105 with openings 106 and 107 for fastening with a bracket 103, with openings 108, 109, 110 for institution and openings 111, 112, 113 located one above the other, for outputting threads from thread guides. The number of holes for inserting and withdrawing the weft yarns from the yarn feeder can be increased.

The tongue needle 2a (fmg.32) contains a rod 114, a p 115, a shank 116 and a die 117 located above the stop 8 in height and. located on the rear side of the rod 114. The needles are pressed against the needle cylinder 7 by spring-loaded sleeves 118 (Fig. 27), the movement of which is limited by the collar 119 of the needle cylinder 7.

The needle cylinder (fig.ZZ) includes needle grooves 120, made so that at the location of the heads 117 of the needles 2a at the front surface of the cylinder (location K), the height l of the interphase partitions 121 (FIG. 34) relative to the bottoms 122 of the needle grooves is less than the height m the stops 8 of the needles 2a, which is necessary for placing the looped rows on the needle cylinder behind the backs of the needles.

The surface of the cylinder, formed by interphase partitions 121 placed at the end surface of the cylinder, constitutes a calibration device for forming the knitted inner diameter.

The machine works as follows.

When the drive (not shown) is turned on, the ground thread carriers 61 rotate with their spool, equipped with forgings of 58 ground threads 4, and synchronously with them by means of a gear train consisting of gears 57, 56, shaft 55, gears 54 and 52, and leads. 53, locking systems 46 with weft yarn feeders 47, threaded with weft yarns b, descending from forgings 51 placed on the bobbin of the weft yarns mounted on gear 52. In this case, the needles make reciprocating movements in the grooves of the needle cylinder 7 , and yarn thread interaction dissolved needles respectively production method (2 and 3).

Soil yarn feeders 61 pave ground threads 4 under the hooks of the tongue needles 2a, which are cooled between the plotters Behind the main threads 1, mounted in the device 63, and the needles 2a and run through the old loops, forming new loops 5a. The weft thread 6 with the yarn guide 47 is superimposed on the loops 5a, drops the loop of the crooked threads from the plotters Z, and presses the loops 5a to the needle cylinder 7. The needles 2a, at the time of their insertion, with their stops 8 move the weft thread 6 under the plotters. Behind the main threads 1 and nail it to the previously removed hinge row, etc.

A general adjustment of the density in the undercarriage is carried out by changing the course of the needles 2a relative to the plotters of Za, which play the role of an otboyny crest, by corresponding turns of the nuts 83 and 84 (Fig. 27).

The density adjustment in the underside of each lock system is made by turning the adjustment screws 74.

Due to the fact that in the process, the weft threads 6 are wound on the surface loops supported on the needle cylinder 7 formed by the surface of the interphase partitions 121, shifted, and then dropped from it, the resulting web is very evenly distributed along the inner diameter.

Due to the fact that during the soil filament in the loops, the latter relative to the weft threads are placed at an angle of about 90 °, on them it is possible to place several weft threads one above the other, press them to the cylinder and then make into knitwear orderly making loops enlarged in height. At the same time, the productivity of the machine increases 2-4 times.

A special increase in the productivity of the machine occurs when the machine is filled with several main threads in the inter needle spacing and overlapping several weft threads on the loops.

The productivity of the machine is also increased by increasing the machine's CPV, since the spool of the weft threads is mounted on the upper gear 52, which makes it possible to significantly increase the dimensions of the forgings with weft yarns (most mass-intensive compared to ground forgings) without increasing the machine width. nit mi).

Since the machine does not need a pull-back mechanism, it is possible when producing knitwear used as a cover for hoses obtained by impregnating it with a sealing compound or by filling the inner surface of the cover with a film, rubber, etc. cover from inside it, which will significantly reduce the cost of the technological process of their manufacture as a whole:

In this case, it is possible to carry out a machine with a horizontal position of the needle cylinder, which simplifies the technological process of making hoses as a whole,

The culinary weft-main knitted tubular shape (Fig. 35) consists of loops 5, constituting the looped rows of the curved surface, along which weft threads b are placed on the front side, and the main threads 1 are between the looped columns on the wrong side.

Due to the fact that the weft yarns 6 are located on the front side of the kulirny surface and the inside out relative to the main yarns 1, the loops 5 of the kulirny surface are unable to draw together in looping patterns during the relaxation of the yarns, and the knitwear as a whole has a uniform structure.

Such knitwear can be called a culinary purl weft-basic knitwear that allows for a wide variety of its applications. For example, such knitwear is suitable for using it as a reinforcing material for the production of hoses by impregnating it with polymers, latexes, etc., as well as filter sleeves. The celiac weft-base knit of tubular shape (Fig. 36), consisting of loops 5, constituting the looped rows of the curved surface, along which several weft threads 6, ba, 66, 6c, regularly arranged on the looped ones, are placed on its front side. rows, and the main thread 1 - between the hinge bars on the wrong side, it is advisable to use

as a reinforcing material for the manufacture of rigid hoses by using rigid materials such as gangs, metal wire, etc. as the main threads.

 Culinary weft-base knit tubular shape (Fig. 37), consisting of loops 5, constituting the looped rows of the curved surface, along which with its front

The sides have weft yarns 6, and the warp yarns 1, 1a, 16, 1 are arranged between the hinge columns from the wrong side of the warp, it is advisable to use as a reinforcing material for the production of flexible rigid hoses by using rigid materials as weft yarns .

Culinary weft and basic knitwear

tubular shape (fig. 38) consisting of loops 5; the loops of the curly surface of the core, along which the weft threads 6, 6a, 66, bv are located on the front side, are arranged regularly on the looped rows, and the threads 1. 1a, 16, 1b of the base, are arranged regularly between the looped columns on its wrong side, it is advisable to use it as a reinforcing material for impregnating it

latexes for the manufacture of fire, meliorative sleeves, etc., since the overall density of the knitwear increases due to the decrease in the number of holes in the knitwear formed by the loops of the curly surface per unit area. For the same reason, it is advisable to use it as filter sleeves in the production of cement, dyes, etc., cleaning liquids, aerosols, and also for

transporting bulk and granular products, etc.

Claims (5)

1. A method of making a circular weft-base knitted tubular shape on the corners of the caster, in which the main threads are laid in the needle needle spaces, form a crown of the base, from the outside of which ground threads are laid under the hooks of the needle needles, the weft threads are laid behind the backs of the needles, after which the loops of soil systems are formed, differing in that in order to increase 5 quality knitwear, with the formation of loops soil threads are kulyut in loops inside the crown of the base. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the hinge movement inside the crown of the warp is limited by the machine element, and the loops shift from the place of exit of the main threads from their plotters. 3. Method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that on the loops before shifting them under the point of exit of the main threads from their plotters, several weft threads are placed one above the other. 4. A circular machine for producing kulirny weft-main knitted tubular shape, containing a needle bed with grooves for tongue needles, locking systems with wedges forming channels for passing needle needles, ground thread and weft yarns and for Basically fixed main plotters placed between the needles, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of the knitwear produced, the main thread plotters are placed below the weft and above the ground yarn feeders, the needles on the back of the backs under the tabs are fitted with stops, and the height of the interspace partitions needle cases are less than the height of the needle stops, 5. A machine according to claim 4, wherein the needle bed is designed as a face plate. Pulling out the cobbles Phage.1  Back AG / GM hrhrhr 1 one aa / Vuuy 55 y CD-C. CO z Itr -o co SP T ШЛг691 gd LL figl (rig 5 MF 7 f-f fig.b // - // K-K FIG. at Fig.9 ll Fig.Sh Rb needle . (2 mw FIG. C Over 6 eleven and and S / ", | -2Pf  J bCZ.t769l with . ABOUT CN CM O) (O -H g about to M 6 FIG. nineteen P 5 needles Plane 2 FIG. 23 39 FIG. 2 { ///////// Л Www (rig 26 FIG. 25 56 v wsv 57 t with g-choe to & 89 99 97 Fig.ZO b fa Sf 106 FIG. 29 31 Sh WLt / Ш X7 36