SU1682493A1 - Multi-storied building - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to construction. The purpose of the invention is to increase the carrying capacity and reduce material consumption. The wall structures 2 and the walls 3 of the first floor above the wall structure 2 have reinforced sections in the form of inclined strips over their entire height or part of the height with a slope from the supports to the central axis of the wall structures and walls. The outer edges of the reinforced sections are placed vertically, passing along the outer faces of the outermost supports or along the central axis of the inner supports. The angle of inclination of the reinforced sections and their width are determined from the ratios given in the claims. 6 Il.

Description

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The invention relates to the construction and can be used in the construction of multi-storey buildings with stand-alone supports and wall structures.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the carrying capacity and reduce material consumption.

Figure 1 shows a multistory building; Fig. 2 is a diagram of the distribution of the force lines of an oblique concentrated flow of compressive stresses; figure 3-5 is the design scheme; figure 6 - section aa on fig.Z.

The multi-storey building contains separately standing supports 1, wall structures 2 installed on them, on which the supporting walls 3 of the upper floors 4 supported with reinforced support sections 5 are supported. The wall structures 2 are also constructed with reinforced sections 6.

Reinforced portions 6 and reinforced portions 5 of walls 3 are located to the full height or to part of the heights of the wall structures 2 and walls of the 3rd floor above the wall structure 2 and with a slope from the supports 1 to their central vertical axis.

The outer points of the lower edge of the reinforced sections 5 and 6 are placed vertically, passing along the outer face of the extreme supports 1 or along the central axis of the internal supports 1.

The angle of inclination to the horizontal of the reinforced sections 5 and 6 above the outer and inner supports 1 is determined from the ratio

(B) M

width of reinforced sections of the wall

constructions 2 - from the relation, pn), opt (c) 8 | pan (c)

and the width of the reinforced wall sections, respectively, from the ratios

 00

Yu

S

00

n + ai

(with ..sinrf

sin a

at

in jQ- Q) (A + n) + 1op-n

ic Ј-

where H is the height of the wall 3;

A is the thickness of the joint between the wall construction 2 and the wall 3;

h is the height of the wall construction 2;

ZH and ZB are the shoulder of a pair of forces - the reaction of the supports and the resultant part of the vertical load applied to the upper face of the wall and equal in magnitude to the response of the extreme and internal support respectively;

Ion and Ion8 - the length of the platform lean on the wall construction 2, respectively, on the extreme and internal support 1;

IQ is the distance from the edge of the extreme support to the point of application of the resultant total load Q applied to the upper face of wall 3;

I - span of the wall construction 2.

The supports 1 can be made in the form of piles, columns, and other structures located discretely with respect to the wall structures, substepled structures 2 in the form of beams of constant or variable cross section, and the like, walls 3 can be panel, brick, block from a variety of materials. Reinforced sections 5 and 6 in the wall structure 2 and wall 3 can be made in the form of inclined strips, which are formed by a thickening, from the basic material of the structure and other materials, reinforced by additional reinforcement of sections (external or internal) of flexible or rigid reinforcement, inserts of more durable material than the adjacent structural zones.

The inclined stripes can be constant or variable width, tapering upwards (in the latter case, the above ratios allow determining the width in the lower part of the reinforced sections 5 AND

6).

When the building operates under the action of a vertical load, in the wall structure 2 and in the wall 3 of the first floor above the supports 1 there are oblique compressive stress streams concentrating along the inclined strips placed at an angle О |. Outside the inclined bands, compressive stresses are significantly reduced and attenuated. The inclined supporting strips of the wall structure 2 and the walls 3 allow to perceive the concentrated inclined flows of compressive stresses, strengthen the structures in these most stressed areas with the lowest consumption of materials, which allows to increase the bearing capacity of the building and reduce material consumption.

The slope d of the carrier bands, as well as

their width is determined by the above ratios, which allows for rational design of building elements. If you take the angle of inclination

If the lanes are smaller or larger than those determined by ratios, the carrier strip only perceives a part of the concentrated stress flow, which reduces the bearing capacity and leads to underloading of the carrier strip, irrational use of the carrier material of the structures, and increased material intensity. If the carrier strip of the wall structure 2 or wall 3 is narrower in width than that determined by ratios, this leads to an increase in stress values in the material of the carrier strip, which may exceed the strength of the material, and

5 therefore reduce the carrying capacity. If the band is wider, it will be redundant, which unnecessarily increases the consumption of materials and leads to economic losses of m.

0The ratios obtained are

based on the results of studies which made it possible to conclude that concentrated flows of compressive stresses in high-rise buildings under consideration

5 types have a direction coinciding with the line connecting the points of application of the reactions of the supports and the corresponding resultant loads applied to the upper face of the wall 3 of the first floor above

0 by wall construction 2. The ratios for the angle a take into account this feature. The width of the carrier strip of the wall construction 2 depends on the length of the platform of the Ion support and the angle of inclination of the strip d, the width of the bottom

5 of the carrier strip of the wall 3 of the first floor is determined by the area cut off by the line connecting the point of application of the total load Q (with parameter IQ) to the wall of the first floor 3 and the inside face of support 1.

The construction of reinforced sloping sections 5 and 6 (carrier bands) allows increasing the bearing capacity of the structure 5 of the building, reducing material consumption. In addition, the presence of carrier strips makes it possible to significantly alleviate the adjacent parts of the structures, makes it possible to arrange openings outside the strips, to use lightweight aggregates, etc.

The zones adjacent to the carrier strips are lightened when it is necessary to arrange openings, for example, in reinforced concrete support strips, and in adjacent, to facilitate structures, foam plastic, aerated concrete and other lighter materials. Bearing strips with a thickness other than the thickness of the structure and of another material can be used in the reconstruction of buildings with an increase in the number of floors, when it is necessary to increase the bearing capacity without radical changes of structures, as well as when according to technological requirements the use of walls 3 and wall structures 2 is permissible. variable thickness and the use of different materials in one design.

Since, in general, the load on the wall of the first floor can be asymmetrical, it necessitates the installation of left and right inclined load-bearing strips of wall 3 and a wall structure 2 with different widths and angle of inclination.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A multi-storey building that includes supports, wall structures installed on them, on which load-bearing walls with reinforced sections are supported, characterized in that, in order to increase the bearing capacity and reduce material consumption, wall structures are made with reinforced sections, with the latter and reinforced sections the walls are located to the full height or to part of the height of the wall structures and walls and with a slope from the supports to their central vertical axis, and the outer points of the lower edge are placed vertically passing along the outer faces of extreme supports or along the central axis internal supports, the angle of "slope of the reinforced to the horizontal sections above the extreme and internal supports is determined from the ratio .s "H (B) A + h in T the width of the reinforced sections of the wall structures - from the ratio , (c) s | pan (s). and the width of the reinforced sections of the walls, respectively, of the ratios , (A + I) + 1Nop -H. N + D + n in (l-lQ) (A + h) -HBon -H with n + d + r1 sin a where H is the height of the wall, m; A is the thickness of the joint between the wall structure and the wall, m; h - height of the wall construction, m; ZH; ZB - shoulder of a pair of forces - reaction of the support and the resultant part of the vertical load applied to the upper face of the wall and equal in magnitude to the reaction according to the extreme inner support, m; 1opN; 1opv - the length of the platform lean the wall construction, respectively, on the extreme and internal supports; IQ is the distance from the edge of the extreme support to the point of application of the resultant total load applied to the upper face of the wall, m; I - span of the wall construction. - four  0/7 J44 Fig.Z , 8 lQn / ОЯы / р, Figm FIG. five Aa