SU1679033A1 - Method for quarrying stone blocks - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to mining, in particular, to methods for extracting block stone by the open method. The goal is to increase the efficiency of production of monolithic blocks by improving the quality of the extracted blocks while reducing the energy intensity of the process of extracting blocks, as well as reducing the labor intensity of production when working on inclined seams. For carrying out the method, a separable block is formed in vertical lateral and horizontal planes with the formation of a side surface (PS) of the slope of the newly formed step with a slope angle of 12-45 ° C. towards the array. A compensation gap is formed in the sole of the ledge, at the bottom of which a layer of material with the shape of granules in the form of rotation bodies is formed, and the block is separated from the array from bottom to top on the compensation gap by creating tensile forces in the array. Separating each overlying block from the array is carried out sequentially after removing the underlying block away from the slope of the newly formed step. It is preferable to combine the side slope of the newly formed ledge with the blade of natural cracks. In addition, the BP of the slope of the newly formed ledge form a system of holes. After removing each block from the array, a layer of material is added. 3 hp f-ly, 1 ill.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to mining, in particular, to methods for extracting block stone by the open method.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the method of extracting monolithic blocks by improving the quality of the extracted blocks while reducing the energy intensity of the process of extracting blocks, as well as reducing the labor intensity of mining during the development of inclined formations.

According to the method of extraction of monolithic blocks, a mining ledge is formed, and the separated block is outlined by a system of holes in the vertical lateral and horizontal sections.

planes with the formation of the side surface of the slope of the newly formed ledge with an angle of 12-45 towards the array, form in the sole of the ledge a compensation gap, at the bottom of which form a layer of material with the shape of granules in the form of rotation bodies and separate the block from the array from bottom to top on the compensation the slit by creating tensile forces in the array, while separating each overlying block from the array is carried out sequentially after removing the underlying block away from the side surface of the slope of the newly formed step. Preferably VI oo

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but the side surface of the slope of the newly formed ledge is combined with the clearances of natural cracks. In addition, the side surface of the slope of the newly formed ledge can be formed by a system of holes. After removing each block from the array, you can add a layer of material.

The drawing shows a diagram of a block separation sequence.

The method of extraction of monolithic blocks in relation to the conditions of production of marble ;. Ora is carried out as follows.

In the sole of the mining ledge 1, for example, using a cutting machine (not shown), cut a horizontal compensation gap 2 with a depth of 0.5 to 10-12 m, depending on the equipment used and the geological structure of the reservoir. Usually, the slit is cut to the slope plane of the newly formed step 3, which, when working on inclined seams, coincides with the cleavage of the first natural fracture, which lies parallel to the step slope. In the absence of such in the design plane of the slope of the newly formed ledge, the drills of Skeahuny (pschch angle of ch.msk1 I - 45 °) are drilled, with which they form grg, chips, as the blocks of the foogleg are separated at the bottom of the compensation layer. Lennoi material 4. Try vayu g, ora ;; 5 ms horizontal bore-holes with the help of LDCs (no matter what the x destroying with edst) or hydro-lines cleaves the block L, which slides off the inclined plane to the damping layer in the form of a layer of material 4, moving inertia away from the main plate. At the next stage, a layer of material 4 is filled, and using a series of horizontal holes 6, the block B and t, e are separated. The height of each of the detachable blocks varies depending on the particular enterprise s range 0.5-4.0 m and the step height is 10-12 m.

After cutting the compensation gap, free space is formed in the base of the ledge, along which block A can slide down along the new outcrop surface that coincides with the slope plane of the newly formed step 3. This process starts after the keck under the action of tensile forces generated by loads on the walls of the horizontal holes, as well as the weight of the block (monolith) A, create a through horizontal slit in the plane of the holes. Since at the bottom of the compensation click a layer of loosened

material (damper), the detachable block of the horizon on the horizon of the base of the step of the scarp h-md. hect - v; - - the lying bunk / s of his. micro tauhturi is minimal to the minimum. Slippage along the GCOSR, block L, by inertia, is moved away from the developed) without the use of mechanical-lip mechanical.

0 Particularly effective such a move away is observed if the material used for the damper is a smooth surface; fsrk / zpizk / o u spherical. Such a particle is easily psrekaguve-ot5 s and og-effec tively effective effect of moving the slipped HS HVIX r / onOflf Tvoro block. For s u l l c s, b w

Claims (4)

1. Method of mining monolithic blocks, according to which the mining 0 a ledge, a contour of a separate block in the aerial lateral and horizontal planes with a flank formation of the side surface of the slope of the forked ledge, about the entrenchment of the separate block in 5 vertical bo / zayyh and horizontal flat x are carried out by a system of holes, form a sole compensation O O .i, O AND BUT; g. RTGm CT Jit, C, Is on; -pu g, o (ugop go:.; J.. and hir; chi, l. / Cr CHOSCHIL y, l V, E t; / - Yu L L -,. from Ch. Ch, C i1. Г fi uJC .. Л 0.-О,, VT L jf-u%. H POOL:: n cj jj.it% vibix acKOif up1 / i, if; rem.-1 npm si; ch-i and. ZLRGOS D) 0: SS “And OLO“ P, boF;: oh o ppsernosse; l, ob let us form a scarp. And accounting for nrhloka 12-4 In STOOON CHYSOIZ, and On DNV KSMPvNs Tsis. ShchRPI form sl.o: | roachuli roang ro s. with a rook company-- in the form 0 rotation bodies, wherein the separation of the blocks from the array is carried out sequentially from bottom to top on a layer of granular material, and -. the separation of the overlying block from the g of the array is carried out by the gusset removing 5 the lower block from the side of the lateral layer of the slope of the scarp. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein that, with the goal of reducing the labor intensity of production at o (processing of inclined seams, 0 the side surface of the slope of the newly formed ledge is combined with cleave natural cracks. 3. Method by 1, characterized in that the side surface of the slope is again 5 formed ledge form a system of holes, 4. The method according to and 1, which differs in heme, after removing the array from each block, the material-i bedding is added.