SU1675265A1 - Polymer-mineral compound - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention can be used on the day of protective coatings and coatings, for sanding joints, filling and sealing defects of parts and structures. The purpose of the invention is to increase the toughness and speed of curing, as well as reduce the sedation and water absorption of the composition. The polymeric mineral composition includes, in wt%: unsaturated polyester resin 27.6-49.2; cobalt naphthenate 2.7-4.5; hyperise 1.1-1.5; carbonyl metal powder 44.7-68.3; carbon fibers with a length of 0.7-1.5 microns 0.1 0.3. Flexural viscosity at bending is up to 39 cm / cm (with a notch) and up to 119 kgf cm / cm2 (without a notch). The curing rate is 30 minutes to 6 MPa, 1 hour to 20 MNa, 3 hours to 41.5 MPa, 24 hours to 95.8 MPa. Volume shrinkage is 1.3%, water absorption in 24 hours is 0.02%. 2 tab.

Description

The invention relates to polymeric-mineral compositions based on unsaturated polyester resins and can be used in the preparation of protective coatings and coatings for the e-monolithing of joints, pouring and embedding defects of parts and structures.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the toughness and speed of curing, as well as reducing the sedation and water absorption of the composition,

In the proposed composition, nickel (PNK-1L), iron (P-20) and other metals obtained by the carbonyl method can be used as carbonyl metal powders.

The carbon fibers used in the inventive composition consist predominantly of carbon. They are obtained from chemical fibers (artificial or synthetic) by carbonization at

1400-2700 ° C in an inert atmosphere and strictly controlled temperature and time conditions. As a result of carbonization, the carbon residue of the fibrous form is formed, while the morphological features of the original fibers are preserved. Carbon fibers are characterized by high heat and chemical resistance, good physical and mechanical properties. Unlike powdered graphite, carbon fibers have a peculiar anisotropic structure. They are built from fibrils. According to the current carbon fiber model, its surface (although most stretched and oriented) contains both crystallite edges (carbon layers atomic layers) and crystallite boundaries, micropores, extraneous inclusions, edge atoms of the main carbon planes of the crystal lattice (as

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carbon fiber and graphite), due to l-bonds, have relatively low surface energy. However, the carbon edge atoms of these fibers are interconnected by 5P2 bonds with a significantly higher energy level. In high-energy powdered graphite, 5P2 bonds are much smaller, hence the total surface energy of adsorption is lower. It is through 5P2 bonds that carbon-oxygen complexes () and (-C-0-) are formed on the surface of carbon fibers, which actively interact with both filler molecules and polyester resin molecules. In powdered graphite, surface carbon-oxygen complexes are absent.

The use of carbonyl metal powders - nickel, iron, etc., which are obtained by reduction of the corresponding carbonyls - carbonate salts of the general formula Me (CO) p. After recovery, i.e. anion removal, surface metal atoms are in a high-energy state and are able to actively interact with various molecules and complexes. Upon contact with carbon fibers, surface complexes () and (-C-0-) are preferred due to chemical kinship, since they are closest to the carbonyl structure of reduced metals. The result of this surface interaction is the deposition of carbonyl metal particles on carbon fibers. The metal particles are held on the surface of the fibers so firmly that with conventional manufacturing procedures (mixing, transportation, deposition on a substrate) this union is not destroyed. Such a high adsorption capacity is achieved only by combining carbon fibers with a carbonyl metal. The surfaces of the proposed fillers contain end groups of reactivity — adhesive carbonyls and carboxyls. By their versatility, these fillers are close to cross-linking products that are actively involved in polymerization reactions. The result of this area is a higher rate of hardening strength. The curing rate is further increased because carbonyl powders are metals of variable valence. The polyester resin contains a tertiary nitrogen atom. The interaction of these substances at the molecular level also leads to a slight increase in the curing rate and a rapid set of strength. As a polyester resin in the composition can be used resin PN-1, PN-3, PN-15, PN-12 or

any known to contain maleinate. fumaric or methyl acrylate DUAL bonds.

The optimal length of carbon fibers used in the proposed composition is due to the conditions of chain-structure formation and their influence on the properties before and after curing. As a result of the experiments performed, it was found that the optimum for this

The composition of carbon fiber lengths is in the range of 0.7-1.5 mm. The ratio of the fiber to its diameter is about 70 (The diameter of the single carbon fibers is 10 25 microns in

VALIDITY of modularity). When using carbon fibers shorter than 0.7 mm, they do not fully fulfill their orienting and relaxing functions, as a result of which the quality indicators

The cured composition is not high enough. If the carbon fibers are longer than 1.5 mm, there are difficulties in separating them into primary fibers (the mixing zone of the components increases) In addition, mutual adhesion and interlacing of the fibers is observed, which makes them evenly distributed in the bulk of the composition.

The preparation and use of the proposed composition is carried out according to the following method. Carbon fibers are cut using a round cutter into sections of the required length. As the initial fibers for cutting, threads, tows, fabrics or felts are used. Cobalt naphthenate, hyperise, and then chopped carbon fibers are introduced into the polymer resin with mixing. Stirring is carried out until a volume-homogeneous mixture is obtained (5-7 minutes). For this purpose, conventional mixers, mortar mixers and other similar mixers can be used. To the resulting mixture, the prepared carbonyl metal powder is added in separate portions with continuous stirring and stirred until a homogeneous mass is obtained (5 minutes). Cooked

Thus, the composition is applied to the surface to be coated with a brush, roller or spatula (depending on its consistency). Metals, silicate porous metals can be used as a substrate.

building materials, glass, etc.

A PN-1 resin with an accelerator, cobalt naphthenate and methyl ethyl ketone peroxide is used as a polymer binder. Powders of carbonyl metals - carbonyl nickel powder PNK-1L and carbonyl iron powder R-20. TMP-5 carbon fabric is cut into 0.7-1.5 mm lengths using a circular cutter and a mixture of these segments is used. Test specimens are prepared as follows. After mixing the liquid components of the polymer binder, chopped carbon fibers are added, stirred for 5 minutes, then carbonated nickel or carbonyl iron is added in portions with stirring, and the last portion of the powder is mixed for 5 minutes. The composition thus prepared is used to prepare samples.

The compositions are presented in table 1, their properties in table 2.

Claims (1)

The invention Polymeric Mineral Composition comprising an unsaturated polyester resin, cobalt naphthenate, hyperise, a mineral filler and a carbon-containing additive, characterized in that, in order to increase the impact toughness and speed of strength, as well as reduce shrinkage and water absorption of the composition, mineral filler carbonyl metal powder, and as a carbon-containing additive - carbon fibers with a length of 0.7-1.5 microns in the following ratio of components, May. %: unsaturated polyester resin 27.6-49.2; cobalt naphthenate 2.7-4.5; hyperise 1.1-1.5; carbon dioxide pishok 44,7-68,3; carbon fibers with a length of 0.7-1.5 microns 0.1-0.3. Table Polyester unsaturated resin27.6 Cobalt Naphthene-u2.6 Hyperise. About PNN-1LM. five G-20 Carbon fiber by 0.3 Doubles for composition Impact viscosity at ICE, kgf cm / cm: with notch 34 27 os-e notch 102 81 Volume shrinkage, I 1,3 1,4 Water absorption, I after 24 hours 0.04 0.04 Prienenna lro gnost, Ipa, through: 36333739363730203315 41114P21191131159 6810346 1,31,11,51,51,81,82,22,31,32,9 0.020.0: 0.030.030.050.050.070.100.042.8 5 3 35 3.5 1.3 60 0.2 a9,249.2 , five., : 1,51,5 ii, 7 4i.7 0.1 3.1 0.1 49.2 4, 5 44.71 0.09 27.6 2.7 1.1 68.2 0.4 Table