SU1675234A1 - Fibre-making device - Google Patents

Description

(21) 4662791/33 (22) 03/15/89 (46) 07/09/1. Bul

(71) Kharkiv Aviation Institute named after NE Zhukovsky

(72) L.I. Kornitsky, A.I. Yakovlev, B.I. Khizgiev and U.A. Asadulaev (53) 666.189.2 (088.8)

(56) USSR inventor certificate M 1161489, class C 03 B 37/06, 1983

(54) FIBER DEVICE

(57) The invention relates to the field of obtaining staple fibers, in particular, to devices for processing a jet of melt into fibers by the method of horizontal blow-up, and can be used in the industry of heat and sound insulating materials. The invention aims to increase productivity while reducing energy consumption. Fiber formation chambers are made in the form of a hollow rotation body, the inner and outer surfaces of which are tapered and oriented relative to each other so that the lower base of the outer surface is located in the plane of the larger base of the inner surface, and the ejector is made in an annular profile located coaxially with the body of rotation and containing a cavity for the surfactant. The inner wall of which is made with holes where cylinders are installed and hermetically fixed, having connected axial and lateral channels, the latter directed towards the output section of the ejector, and cylinders located radially form an angle of 80 ° -85 ° with the device axis. 2 yl

(L

WITH

The invention relates to the field of producing staple fibers, in particular, to devices for converting a jet of melt into fibers by the method of horizontal blowing, and can be used in the industry of heat and sound insulating materials.

The aim of the invention is to increase productivity while reducing energy consumption.

Figure 1 shows the device, a longitudinal section; FIG. 2 is a view A of FIG. one.

The fiber-forming device comprises a housing 1, a front 2 and a rear 3 lids, coupled with a lid 2 receiving nozzle 4. Concentric to which there is a working nozzle 5 formed by the inner walls of the lids cavity 6 for the energy carrier, the energy-supply hole 7 made in the body 1, the spray chamber 8 The fiber-forming chamber 9, which together with the mixing chamber 10, the nozzle 4 and the nozzle 5 form the flow-through part of the device, while annular profile 11 is placed coaxially with the chamber 9, consisting of the outer 12 and inner 13 kr Bumps which are fixed relative to each other by a slotted nut 14. The caps 12 and 13 form a cavity 15 for the surfactant, which is connected via channels in the cylinders 16 to the chamber 10. And the surfactant enters the cavity 15 through the nozzle 17, besides the annular profile 11 is fixed with respect to housing 1 with brackets 18

The fiber-forming device works as follows.

Through the hole 7 in the device serves energy under high pressure (8-9 these) From the cavity 6, the energy carrier enters the XI

ate

CJ

em into the working nozzle 5, and from there with great speed into the chamber 8. The high velocity of the energy carrier creates an ejection effect in the zone of the nozzle 4 and at the outlet of the chamber 8. Due to this, the device enters the environment through the nozzle 4 and the channel formed by the cover 3 and an annular prolemol 11. A surfactant is introduced into the cavity 15 through the nozzle 17, which through the channels in the cylinders 16 enter the ejected stream and then with it into the mixing chamber 10. The device is ready for operation. If superheated steam is used as an energy carrier, it is necessary to wait 8-10 minutes to get rid of condensate. In the melt jet, the device is brought at an angle of 90 °. The distance between the receiving nozzle 4 and the melt stream is selected from the condition of optimal retention of the latter due to the ejection effect. Passing the receiving nozzle 4, the melt jet enters the zone of action of the energy carrier flux formed by the working nozzle 5 In the chamber 8 the melt jet is sprayed and the droplet crushing process ends, in the chamber 9 the process of fiber formation begins, which ends in the mixing chamber working and ejected flows from the products of the primary inflation is the formation of staple fibers

Making the fiber-forming chamber in the form of a hollow body of rotation, the inner and outer surfaces of which are tapered and oriented relative to each other, so that a smaller base of the outer surface is located in the plane of the larger base of the inner surface, together with the spray chamber, forms an area with optimal flow parameters energy carrier, providing both primary and secondary fragmentation of droplets to a given diameter, which occurs at a certain critical scab stream and directed top deform uniformly distributed in the cross section of the workflow melt droplets. In this case, the length of the sputtering chamber and fiber formation chamber is determined by the process of convective heat exchange and the melt jet crushing process, in which secondary crushing occurs in the initial zone of the fiberization chamber and the melt viscosity here reaches the optimum value of the fiber formation viewpoints Since the surfactant entered into the fiber formation zone in chamber 10, then in chambers 8 and 9, the heat exchange process is less intensive, which allows us to achieve secondary crushing of the primary lavas, related to the discharge of melts with a short temperature range of fiber formation. This will allow processing of jets with an increased melt flow rate when obtaining finished products of a given quality, since the formation of fibers begins with a uniform velocity profile of the energy carrier.

The implementation of the ejector in the form of an annular profile ensures minimal kinetic energy loss of the workflow

the energy carrier in the zone of its interaction with the ejected environmental flow and makes it possible to form a mixing chamber, which forms the total flow at the outlet of the device. Aerodynamic

the characteristics of an ejector made in such a form allow it to be placed in an ejected stream that forms a channel formed by the lid 3, the outer surface of the hollow rotation body and the lid

13, cylindrical elements at 90 ° to the direction of flow without significantly reducing the speed of the latter at the entrance to the chamber 10. This made it possible to place a surfactant cavity inside the profile and connect

it with a mixing chamber using interconnected axial and lateral channels made in cylinders which are located radially in the channel of the ejected flow. With the transverse ratio of the ejected cylinder flow in their shadow zone, a region of strong dilution is formed. In this region, the output sections of the side channels are found. Due to the created ejection effect of surfactant from

cavities 15 through channels in cylinders 16 enter the incident flow, are sprayed and carried away to chamber 10. Moreover, as is evident from practice, the optimal arrangement of cylinders relative to the chamber is fiber formation when the output sections of the side channels are located in the same plane as the output section of the fiber-forming chamber Removing the cylinders into the mixing chamber disrupts the process of forming fibers due to sticking to the cylinders, and displacing the cylinders to the lid 3 reduces the ejection effect in their shadow zone, therefore y for supplying the required surfactant dose up to 5 additionally needed power consumption

To ensure an efficient fiber formation process, it is necessary that the surfactants interact with the melt particles before they reach the cross section

aerodynamic flow, where its relative velocity is equal to zero. This is achieved by the geometry of the mixing chamber and the orientation of the cylinders to the axis of the ejector at an angle of 80-85 °.

The increase in a leads to the fact that surfactants do not flow into the axial flow zone in the mixing chamber, which leads to an increase in the percentage of total non-fibrous inclusions and to the appearance in the fibrous material of short fragile fibers that dramatically reduce the installation strength of the carpet. This is due to the fact that surfactants spread only in the peripheral zone of the mixing chamber. Thus, increasing it to 90 ° leads to 34.8% of the total non-fibrous inclusions. A further increase in a leads to a decrease in the ejection effect in the shadow zones of the cylinders, which reduces the flow rate Surfactant to fiber formation zone due to energy carrier energy flow

The reduction of a is impractical, since it also leads to the need for additional energy to enter the surfactant into the mixing chamber.

The combination of the indicated features allowed using this technical solution in melt processing (50% AO3 and 50% DSP) into staple fibers to achieve a productivity of 623 kg / h with a content of non-fibrous inclusions greater than 0.5 mm, 1.3% of the total 21.6% whereas with the same power consumption with

five

eight

7

F /

of the known device, the fiber production rate reached 466 kg / h with non-fibrous inclusions larger than 0.5 mm, 2.4% of the total 28.7%. In this case, superheated steam with a temperature not exceeding 140 ° C was used as the energy carrier

Claims (1)

Invention Formula Fiber-forming device comprising a prefabricated housing with a hole for melt injection, a working nozzle, a spray chamber and a fiber-forming chamber coupled to the ejector, a strong part which is formed by the inner surface of the annular profile and the outer surface of the fiber-forming chamber, characterized in that, in order to improve performance while reducing energy consumption, the ejector is made of two caps that are sealed and form an annular profile with a surfactant cavity, surfactant supply, and internal - with radial holes in which cylinders are tightly fixed, made with axial and lateral channels connecting the flow part of the ejector with a surfactant cavity, while the cylinders are oriented side channels along the flow of the ejector in the direction of the output section and form with the axis of the device angle 80 85 ° 811 # g 16 V & Bvbp IS 12 SP te Fig 2 13