SU1664470A1 - Method for machining deep holes and a tool for carrying same into effect - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to metalworking and can be used on machine tools for machining deep, precise holes, for example, hydraulic cylinder bodies. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of processing. The tool is brought to the workpiece and the cutting edges of the floating plate are installed along the chord of the hole being machined, the workpiece is informed about the rotation, the tool is given the axial feed movement, the plunging and hole machining is performed. At the end of the treatment, the cutting edges of the floating plate are installed along the diameter of the machined hole by rotating the floating plate in a plane perpendicular to the tool axis. The tool is then withdrawn from the machined hole. The tool consists of a body 2, in the transverse groove of which is installed with the possibility of rotation in the plane, perpendicular to the axis of the tool, the floating plate 1. The rotation mechanism of the floating plate 1 is made in the form of a spring-loaded center 6 placed together with the spring 7 in the axial hole 8 of the body 2 the possibility of interaction with a tapered bore 9, made at the end of the floating plate 1. The axis of the bore 9 is equidistant from the tops of the cutting edges of the floating plate 1. 2 sec. f-ly, 8 ill.

Description

FIG. 7

The invention relates to the field of metalworking and can be used on machine tools for machining deep, precise holes, for example, hydraulic cylinder bodies.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of processing.

Fig. 1 shows a flow chart of the method, a floating plate in the working position; Fig. 2, too, a floating plate in the inoperative position; Fig. 3 shows a tool for carrying out the method, a general view; Fig. 4 is a section A - A in Fig. 3 (floating plate in the working position); Fig. 5 shows a section A - A in Fig. 3 (floating plate in the off position); Fig, 6 - section B - B in fig.Z; 7 - section b-b fmg.4; on Fig - section G - G figure 7,

The method of processing the hole is carried out as follows.

The tool is brought to the workpiece and set (figure 1) of the cutting edges Ci and C2 of the floating plate 1 along the chord of the machined hole, the size of which is equal to (D - A D). To provide the clearance A D / 2 at the initial moment, the distance A (FIG. 1) is determined from the triangle OCCi, neglecting small second order values,

,

where R is the radius of the hole; A D — The magnitude of the reduction in the size of the floating plate is necessary to provide a guaranteed clearance for tool removal. This value is established by experiment.

The workpiece reported rotation. The tool is imparted with an axial feed movement, piercing and machining of the hole, during which the cutting edges are held in the working position due to the cutting forces. At the end of the treatment, the cutting edges of the floating plate are installed along the diameter of the machined hole by rotating the floating plate in a plane perpendicular to the tool axis. Between each cutting edge Ci and C2 of the floating plate 1 and the machined hole there is a radial clearance equal to AD / 2. The tool is then removed from the machined hole.

The tool for carrying out the method (FIGS. 3 to 8) contains a floating plate 1, a body 2, in the transverse groove 3 of which is installed rotatably in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the tool, the floating plate 1. The cover 4 covers the groove 3 with screws 5. The rotation mechanism of the floating plate 1 is made in the form of a spring-loaded center 6, placed together with the spring 7 in the axial hole 8 of the housing 2 with the ability to interact with a conical hole 9 made at the end of the floating plate 1, and the axis of the specified conical Version 9 is equally removed from the tops of the cutting edges of the floating plate 1. In case 2, there is a latch 10 and a mechanism for its movement, made in the form of a centering sleeve 11, having the possibility of axial movement through the case 2 of the screw 12 screwed into the latch 10, the spring 13 and the nuts 14 The rotary ring 15 covers the groove 3 from falling into it chips.

The tool for implementing the method works as follows.

Before processing, the floating plate 1 (fig. 3 and 4) is set along the chord of the hole being machined, i.e. in working position. Then the centering sleeve 11 is moved to the left, with the result that with its bottom 16 it interacts with the screw 12 and moves it together with the retainer 10 to the left, overcoming the resistance of the spring 13. The clamp 10 with its surface 17 begins to press the floating plate 1 down until it occupies a horizontal position (figure 4). The movement of the centering sleeve 11 is stopped. At this time, it contacts with its inner surface 18 (FIG. 4) with cutting edges Ci and C2, as a result of which they occupy a position symmetrical about the vertical axis of the tool, i.e. the tool is precisely based on the hole being machined. At this moment, the center cone 6 interacts with the conical hole 9 of the floating plate 1 (Fig. 6), i.e. the floating plate 1 is affected by the force component of the spring 7.

The feed movement and rotation of the workpiece are turned on, the processing begins, during which the floating plate 1 takes the specified position under the action of cutting forces. After the end of the treatment, the action of the cutting forces ceases and the floating plate 1 under the action of the component force of the spring 7 occupies an inoperative position (Fig. 7), i.e. fits across the diameter of the machined hole, providing a guaranteed clearance AD. Center 6 fixes the floating plate 1 (Fig. 8), the tool is removed from the machined hole.

Claims (2)

Claim 1. Method of processing a hole with a floating plate tool, according to which the tool is sized and informed about axial movement and rotation of the workpiece, the hole is machined, after which the cutting edges of the floating plate are retracted from the machined surface by rotating the floating plate and take the tool out of the machined hole, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of the machining, when setting the tool to the size, the cutting edges are set to float. the cutting plate along the chord of the hole being machined, and when the cutting edges are retracted - along the diameter of the machined hole, while the floating plate is rotated in a plane perpendicular to the tool axis. 2. A tool for machining an aperture, comprising a body with a transverse groove in which a floating plate is rotatably mounted, a mechanism for its rotation located in the body, designed to interact with the floating plate retainer and a mechanism for its movement mounted in the body, while in the body an axial hole is made, and at the end of the floating plate there is a conical hole, the axis of which is equidistant from the tops of the cutting edges, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of processing, the floating plate installed with the possibility of rotation in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the tool, the mechanism of its rotation is made in the form of a spring-loaded center placed in the axial hole of the housing with the possibility of interaction with the conical opening of the floating plate. l yal 1 BUT  (/ 5 C Yu VV / l 2 / P Aa 14 15 C Phage 6 Aa Rig. eight