SU1658871A1 - Bulk material flow separator for pneumatic sower - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to agricultural machinery. The aim of the invention is to increase Y And the uniformity of distribution of the sown material along the discharge pipes and reduce damage to the material particles. The working surface 4 of the internal cavity of the dividing head 2 is made in the form of a rotational surface around the axis of symmetry of the feed channel, which forms a segment of the curve described by the equations kSin a + Cos a. kCosa - Sina y - a, ka -, x and e. Performing the working surface 4 according to these equations makes the pressure of the particles on it constant, not reaching the value at which the particles stick to the working surface. 4 il. ё About 00 00 4J

Description

Fig. /

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to devices for sowing bulk materials - seeds, mineral fertilizers.

The aim of the invention is to increase the uniformity of distribution of the sown material in the discharge pipes and reduce damage to the material particles.

FIG. Figure 1 shows the curve described by equations (1) and the forces acting on a particle of material being sown moving along this curve; in fig. 2 shows a flow divider, side view; in fig. 3 is a view along arrow A in FIG. 2; in fig. 4 shows a section BB in FIG. 3

The bulk flow divider consists of a central supply channel 1, a dividing head 2 with discharge pipes 3. The working surface 4 of the internal cavity of the dividing head 2 has the shape of a rotation surface around the axis of symmetry of the feeding channel 1, which forms a segment of the curve described by equations (1). The sowing material together with the air flow is delivered through the central inlet channel 1 to the dividing head 2. Material particles, having reached the working surface 4 of the head 2, move along it to the outlet nozzles 3, while at any part of the working surface of the head 2 The particle pressure on this surface remains constant and does not reach the value at which the particles stick to the working surface 4 and damage them.

The working surface of the internal cavity of the dividing head has the shape of a surface of rotation around the axis of symmetry of the feed channel, which forms a segment of a curve described in a parametric form by the equations:

kSinor + Cosa y ax a

&

kCosa - Sina ja

(one)

where y and x are rectangular coordinates. The x axis is directed parallel to the symmetry axis of the feed channel;

and- parameter;

a, k are constants determined by the characteristics of the sowing system and material properties.

Equations (1) are the equations of a curve, when moving along which particles of a material maintain their pressure on this curve constant. Equations (1) are obtained by solving the following differential equation for particle motion:

m

dy dt

 -fN;

N

mV

 const,

(2)

five

10 15

20 25 30 35

40

45

50

where m is the mass of one particle sown

material;

N is the force of the normal pressure of a particle on the surface over which it moves;

p is the radius of curvature of the curve that forms the working surface of the head;

. f is the coefficient of friction of a particle over the surface of the head;

V is the velocity of the particle;

dV

-t- - derivative of speed over time,

The force of gravity and the pressure force of the air flow on the particle are small compared with the forces of the normal pressure of the particle on the wall and therefore are not taken into account in equations (2).

The implementation of the working surface along which the particles of the material move, in the form of a body of revolution, forming the segment of the curve described by equations (1), allows the material particles to move with constant pressure on the wall of the dividing head. Consequently, there are no zones of high pressure and impact of particles on the wall of the head. As a result, the stickiness of the working surfaces of the head is reduced and the material being sown is less damaged. A decrease in the sticking capacity of the working surfaces increases the uniformity of distribution of the sown material along the discharge pipes.

A more uniform distribution of seeds or fertilizers on the branch pipes, and consequently, on the seed coulters, increases the yield of cultivated crops, reduces trauma to the seeds, improves their germination, which also increases the yield.

Claims (1)

Claims of the Invention A flow divider of bulk materials for pneumatic seedlings containing a central supply channel, a separating head with a working surface made in the form of a rotational surface with a curvilinear generatrix, and diverting nozzles, characterized in that. In order to increase the uniformity of distribution of the material being sown along the discharge nozzles and reduce damage to the material particles, the working surface of the dividing head has a shape that is a segment of the curve described by the equations kSlna 4- Cosa y ah kCosor - Sing where y, x - pr mougol a is a parameter; a, k - coefficients in 5 properties of the mother 9 TV; / l 5 3 2 {/ L where y, x are rectangular coordinates; a- parameter; a, k are coefficients determined by the characteristics of the sowing system and the properties of the material. FIG. 2 5-6