SU1657204A1 - Fire extinguisher - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to fire fighting equipment, in particular to devices with a combined fire extinguishing composition consisting of liquids of different densities, providing an automatic transition from a continuous jet to a foam type jet, and makes it possible to increase the extinguishing efficiency by maintaining the necessary pressure to eject the entire mass of fire extinguishing agent. shushi composition. The fire extinguisher consists of a housing 1, the lower part 2 of which is filled with a higher density extinguishing fluid, for example, refrigerant 114B2, and the upper part 3 is connected to a cylinder 4 for compressed gas. The housing 1 is closed by a lid 5 with a siphon 6 attached to it, consisting of three stages with a decreasing diameter of the bottom 7, the Siphon has an outlet 8 and an inlet 9,

Description

The invention relates to fire fighting equipment, in particular to devices with a combined fire extinguishing composition, consisting of liquids of different densities and providing an automatic transition from a continuous jet to a foam type jet.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of extinguishing by maintaining the necessary pressure to release the entire mass of the extinguishing agent.

FIG. Figure 1 shows a fire extinguisher prior to its activation, a longitudinal section; Fig. 2 is the same at the moment of jet flow of freon; in fig. 3 - the same, at the moment of jet outflow of the emulsion of freon in the foam former solution; in fig. 4 - the same, at the time of expiration of the freon foam; in fig. 5 - the same. at the time of expiration of the foam without the addition of refrigerant; in fig. 6 — node I in FIG. 2; in fig. 7 - node II in FIG. 2; in fig. 8 shows the node III in FIG. four.

The fire extinguisher consists of a housing 1, the lower part 2 of which is filled with a fire extinguishing fluid with a higher density, such as freon, and the upper part 3 is connected to a balloon 4 for compressed gas. Case 1 is closed by a lid 5 with a siphon 6 attached to it. It consists of three steps with a diameter decreasing to the bottom 7. The siphon has an outlet 8 and an inlet 9, made in its front part facing the bottom 7 of the housing 1. In addition, the siphon has several calibrated inlets 10 and 11, made on the end surface of each stage. The housing 1 comprises a cavity 12 located between the lower 2 and the upper 3 parts to accommodate a low-density extinguishing fluid, for example, a foaming agent solution. The fire extinguisher is provided with siphon-covering float 13 and bellows 14, the internal cavity 15 of which is filled with compressed gas. The bottom of the bellows 14 is rigidly connected to the nut 16,

moved along the thread 17, made at the bottom of the siphon. The calibrated inlets 10 and 11 are made with the possibility of hermetically sealing them with the float 13 and the bellows 14, respectively. The float 13 is fixed on the middle stage of the siphon 6 by locking tabs (shoulders) 18. Elastic pads 19 are fixed on the float 13 and the bellows 14.

The fire extinguisher operates as follows.

Before use, the housing 1 is filled with a combined fire extinguishing agent, for example, freon 114B2 and a foaming agent solution. In the initial state, the float 13 and the bellows 14 hermetically overlap the calibrated inlet holes 10 and 11 at the ends of the steps with the help of elastic pads 19 fixed on the float 13 and the bellows 14 (Fig. 1). A starting device (not shown) compressed gas from a cylinder 4 is fed to the upper part 3 of the housing 1 of a charged fire extinguisher. At this moment, the elastic gasket 19 of the bellows 14 protruding beyond the lateral surface of the middle stage begins to act above the gas pressure in the inner cavity 15 of the bellows 14. The latter is compressed and the refrigerant enters the siphon 6 through the calibrated inlet holes 11 and through the inlet holes 9 steps of smaller diameter (Fig. 2, 6 and 7). Through the outlet 8, the refrigerant is thrown onto the fire in the form of a jet. The fire extinguishing mode change occurs at the moment when the freon level drops below the calibrated inlet holes 11 (Fig. 3). At this moment, the frother's solution enters a stage of medium diameter, where it mixes with freon entering through a 9-stage inlet of a smaller diameter. Formed with mixture through hole 8

is ejected onto the fire in the form of a jet. When the frother solution solution level drops below the calibrated inlets 10 (Fig. 4 and 8), the float 13 is lowered and the compressed gas through the calibrated inlets 10 enters a larger diameter stage where it mixes with the frother solution and refrigerant, continuing to flow into the siphon 6 through the inlets 9 and 11. The transition to the third mode of extinguishing is carried out, and the refrigerant foam formed after the mixing of the three initial components — chladone, foaming agent solution and compressed gas — is thrown onto the hearth. Ożarów as a jet.

The transition to the fourth mode of extinguishing is carried out after complete displacement of freon from the housing 1 (Fig. 5). At this moment, the level of the foaming agent solution falls below the calibrated inlet holes 11, and the bellows 14 with an elastic gasket 19 is pressed against the end surface of a step of medium diameter and tightly blocks the calibrated inlet holes 11. The foaming solution enters already through the inlet holes of 9 steps of a smaller diameter, and the compressed gas through the calibrated inlet 10 at the end of the steps of larger diameter. The resulting foam is discharged onto the fire in the form of a jet. The float 13 is fixed on the restrictive shoulders 18. The moment of hermetic shut-off of the calibrated inlet holes 11 at the end of the average diameter stage is adjusted before charging the fire extinguisher by additionally pressing (squeezing) the bellows 14 to the end (from the end) of the average diameter stage by its axial movement using the nut 16 on the thread 17. made on the steps of smaller diameter (Fig. 7). By this method, the gas pressure in the inner cavity 15 of the bellows 14 is adjusted to

then the gas pressure in the fire extinguisher case 1, which is established therein at the moment of lowering the level of the foaming agent solution below the calibrated inlet holes at the stage of average diameter in

depending on the ratio of volumes of freon poured into the fire extinguisher and frother solution.

The proposed design of the fire extinguisher allows to increase the extinguishing efficiency by maintaining the necessary pressure to emit the entire mass of the extinguishing agent, as well as to increase the ejection range of the liquid freon in the first extinguishing mode under conditions of automatic

change the mode of operation of the fire extinguisher.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A fire extinguisher comprising a housing with a fire extinguishing composition consisting of liquids of different densities, a siphon installed in the housing consisting of three stages with a diameter decreasing to the bottom with calibrated holes on the front the surfaces of each step covered by floats, differing in that. that, in order to increase the efficiency of extinguishing by maintaining the necessary pressure to emit the entire mass of the fire extinguishing composition, the float covering the average diameter stage is made in the form of a bellows, the diameter of which exceeds the diameter of the middle stage, and the bottom of the bellows is rigidly connected to the nut moved along the thread, performed on the steps of smaller diameter. I CAI 00 Fi.by FIG 5 -W FIG. 6 - -