SU1657128A1 - Unit for supplying mineral nutrition to plants - Google Patents

Description

pump 8 and two switchgears 11 and 30. Switchgear 30 is a two-position three-line, device 11 is made in the form of a housing 12 with a spool 18 and an inlet 13, a drain 17 and an outlet 14-16. The inlet 13 is connected to the pump discharge nozzle of the pump outlet 16 - with the inlet and the first line 36 of the distribution device 30. Other outlets are connected to the racks. The drain hole is connected to the second line 33 of the device 30, and the third line 35 of the latter to the tank. AT

the first position of the device 30, the second line is connected to the third, and the first one is closed. At the same time, the nutrient solution is pumped through the distributor 11 by moving the valve 18 to the rack 1 while rotating. When the rack 1 is filled, the device 30 moves to the second position, which moves the valve backward, preparing the supply of the solution to the rack 2. The first position of the solution flows from the tank to the rack 2, and the treated solution is drained from the rack 1 to the tank. 4 il.

The invention relates to agriculture, namely to devices for hydroponics.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of work and reduce the energy intensity of the installation.

FIG. 1 shows the scheme of the proposed installation in the initial position; in fig. 2 is a diagram of the installation at the moment of filling with the nutrient solution of the first rack and transferring the flow to the upper cavity of the spool-type distributor; in fig. 3 is a diagram of the installation at the time of discharge of the spent nutrient solution into the tank; in fig. 4 - installation diagram at the time of feeding the nutrient solution to the next rack with simultaneous discharge of the spent solution from the previous rack.

The proposed installation contains (Fig. 1) racks 1 and 2, equipped with sensors 3 and 4 levels and float valves 5 and 6, reservoir 7 with nutrient solution, pump 8 driven by an electric motor 9, automatic control unit 10, a spool valve 11, which is the body 12 with the inlet 13, the outlet 14-16 and the drain 17 holes. Total outlets - seven (part not shown).

Inside the housing 12 there is a spool 18, spring-loaded spring 19 and having an output channel 20, a podzolotnik cavity A and an upper cavity B of the spool distributor 11, a rod 21 on which the movable contact 22 and the sleeve 23 are rigidly fixed. The lateral surface has a screw groove 24 and longitudinal grooves 25. One of these grooves 24 includes a retainer (finger) 26, mounted perpendicular to the axis of the sleeve 23 and pressed against it by means of a spring

27. The number of helical grooves 24 of the sleeve and the grooves 25 corresponds to the number of side holes in the housing 12. The grooves 2b are cut so that they connect the end of one groove 24 to the beginning of the other. Along the length of the sleeve 23, they are cut to a different depth: at the bottom each such groove 25 has a greater depth than the screw groove 24, and at the top of the sleeve 23, the groove 25 has a smaller depth.

A cover 28 with fixed contacts 29 is attached to the housing 12 of the spool-type distributor 11.

In addition, the installation has a two-position trilinear distribution

a device 30 with an electromagnetic drive 31 and a spring return 32. moreover, in the first working position of the second line 3 via a straight channel 34 is connected to the third line 35, the first line 36 of the switchgear 30 is closed, in the second working position the first line 36 is connected by a channel 37 the second line is 33, and the third line 35 is closed.

A vacuum gauge 40 is installed on the suction pipe 38 between the check valve 39 and the pump 8, and an electric contact pressure gauge 42 and a rotameter 43 are installed on the pressure pipe 41. The solution flow from the spool switchgear 11 to racks 1 and 2 and its drain is provided back by means of pipelines 44, the drain hole 17 of the spool switchgear 11 is connected by a pipe 45 to the second

line 33 of the switchgear 30, the first line 36 is connected to the outlet 16 of the spool-type switchgear 11 via a pipe 46. The outlet 16

connected to the inlet 13 through the cavity A. A third line 35 is connected to the reservoir 7 by a pipe 47.

and the initial position (phi 1) d u / i u positioning switchgear about 30 is in the first working position a

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Direction (or with the help of a time programmer) turns on the j / ier-rodvi 9 which leads to the DRYSTCHI, a kind of pump 8 that has been created to the sling chamber 8

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/ from zo glnio 1B in HTORt x caps - the angle between the left and right pnvre 12 at ti so that, the upper edge of the POCHKR carpenter 1 3 its output channel 20 crtit ii with a hole 14 p corg / gr 12 gold and black gold 11 and the nutrient plant will be supplied to the pipeline 44 in the STRELL g 1. In this case, the movable contact 22 will close the fixed contacts 29, signaling about the process and the

When filling the stella, 1 float (and the valve 5 locks the output

gporstie non-admission kch inflow of nutrient solution n step-up 1 successively

The pressure in the system increases and the electrocontact gauge 42 gives a pulse to the automatic control unit 10, which, using an electromagnet 21, drives the two-position switchgear 30 to the second working position (ф | / 2) This causes the connection nt pv pin 36 to connect second i ini 33 and a nutrient solution from the bottom

step A through the outlet 16 of the spool distribution yitroi pipeline through pipeline 4 canaou 37 pipeline 45 through the drainage basin 17 1; p / n to enter the cavity B of the device 11 Dvrnrnie in both chambers A and B (. .1hasp1 and necoplep energy at 19 contemplates the job and the rest of the JOj) and 18 at the lowest s (floe nib) In order to reduce the energy HJ of the kyo-ju by 23, the longitudinal grooves 25 and the movement of the slit 23 and m1 to s) 21 down loses without turning wok 1.1 and s, since for all that, father 26 is skidded (th of the longitudinal grooves 25, the longitudinal depth Podkopku gas 25 in mating depth less DUII klchdrk 1 24 then the motion iinoia 21 dhh3 nanei 26 inevitably trdaet in vi nto- 1 g th fznavku24

Posta a sprt (horn i chopot 18 in use or go dppeiie in niln and juvenile and ospin divider vcrponcTea 11 leg and in the ug si system again izg, agtat electrocontact gauge 12 dt g imput on automatic control unit 10 The electric magnet 31 is two-position with respect to the distribution 1 of the body 10 and the spring rail 32 in the center of the distribution box

 T / rrpot CTRO jiO is in its original position (first in the working position of FIG. 3), and secondly, through the channel 34, through the channel 34, again with the third pin 35, which ensured the supply of the waste supply through the pipeline 44 Through the outlet OTPI РЬТИР 14 upper sweat B a drain opening 17 distribute the device 11 through the pipeline 45 line 33 to the direct channel 34 line 35 to the tank 7

0 Since the pump 8 continues to work simultaneously with the discharge of the nutrient solution from the rack 1, the nutrient medium is supplied to the rack 2 (Fig. 4). As the total pressure in the upper cavity

5 B is less than the pressure in the lower cavity A created by the pump 8 then the liquid moves the gaiter 18 to the upper end position, where the outlet channel 20 of the spool 18 is aligned with the outlet 15 of the casing 12 of the spool distributor 11, and the nutrient solution is fed through the pipeline 44 to the rack 2

After filling the rack 2, the float valve 6 blocks the further access of the nutrient solution, the pressure in the system increases and the electric contact pressure gauge 42 gives a pulse to the control unit 10, which brings the two-position distribution device 30 to the initial position.

Filling all the remaining racks (six racks in total) is sequentially done in the same way.

Claims (1)

An apparatus for mineral nutrition of plants, comprising racks with a substrate for plants, a reservoir for a nutrient solution, a pump, connecting pipes and two distribution devices, one of which is two-position, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of operation and reduce the energy intensity of the installation, the two-position distribution device is three-way, and the other distribution device is made in the form of a housing with a spool, inlet, drain and outlet openings and, the inlet is connected to the discharge pipe of the pump, one of the outlets is connected to the inlet and the first line of the on-off distribution device, the other outlets are connected to the racks. the drain hole is connected to the second line of the on-off distribution device, and a third line of the latter is connected to the reservoir for the nutrient solution, while in the first position the second the line is connected to the third, and the first line is closed, and in the second position, the first line is connected to the second, and the third line is closed. Bj 82US91