SU1645397A1 - Reversible device for driving holes in soil - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the mining industry and m. used in the smooth laying of communications. The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of work in non-uniform soils due to automatic control of the shock load on the executive body (AI). The drummer placed in housing 1 is made of two concentrically mounted parts 11 and 12 that are limited in axial movement. In the nose part of housing 1, the EUT is also placed with a possibility of limited axial movement by an amount greater than the axial mutual displacement of parts 11.12. When compressed air is fed into the housing 1 through the hose 33, the striker moves and strikes part 11 of the EUT, and part 12 - along the body 1. With solid soils, the EUT occupies the rearmost position and both parts of the impactor transfer a shock pulse to it. For the reverse, the chamber 17 communicates with the atmosphere to the control body 32. This reduces the energy of direct impact and increases the energy of the return impact of the impactor. 1 il. fe

Description

The invention relates to mining and construction and can be used in the construction of underground utilities trenchless way.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency in heterogeneous soils by automatically controlling the shock load on the actuator.

The drawing shows a reversing device for punching wells in soils, section.

A device for punching wells in the soil consists of a hollow body 1 with a jumper 2, dividing the body into two cavities: a back one with a back 3, an auxiliary 4 and an additional 5 cameras and a stepped control piston with steps 6-8 and with annular grooves 9 and 10 on the steps 8 front with a hammer, consisting of two parts 11 and 12 concentrically arranged with the possibility of limited mutual displacement with the chamber 13, channel 14 and annular grooves 15 and

16. connected to the channel 14. The drummer divides the front cavity of the housing into the middle 17 and front 18 of the chamber. In the front part of the housing with limited movement, an actuator is located, consisting of a striker 19 g, a longitudinal channel 20 and an expander 21. Interconnected cameras are connected by channels 22-30. The camera 17 (middle) is communicated by channel 31 with the control 32 for controlling the device to self-return through a drilled well. The magnitude of the movement of the executive body exceeds the movement of parts of the drummer.

The device is driven by daily air flowing to it through a hose 33.

The device operates as follows.

In the initial position, the channel 31 is blocked by the control body 32 (the device is used for the intended purpose of punching the well), and the hammer and the stepped control piston are in the initial position. Compressed air through channels 25, 29 and 30 enters the chambers 13 and 17, and both parts 11 and 12 of the striker as a whole under the action of compressed air move towards the executive body !, i.e. a working stroke is made for punching the well. At the time of the strike, the relative position of the parts 11 and 12 of the hammer is redistributed depending on the state of the rock.

If the executive body under the influence of the impact of part 11 of the striker is easily embedded in the rock, then part 12 of the striker, regardless of part 11, strikes the body 1 and advances it after the movement of the executive body. If the executive body (striker 19 and expander 21) cannot penetrate into the rock under the action of impact of only part 11 of the striker, then parts 11 and 12 jointly strike the executive body, facilitating its introduction into the ground. After completion of the working stroke of the striker, chamber 3 through channels 28 and 14, annular grooves 15 and 16 of the striker, channel 24 communicates with chamber 17 and, under the action of compressed air in chamber 3, the stepped control piston moves to the forward position. At the same time, the chamber 17 through channels 30 and 29, the annular groove 9 and channel 26 communicates with the atmosphere, and the camera 18 through the channel 25, the annular groove 10, channels 23 and 20 communicates with the source of compressed air — the striker returns, and the striker, acting at the end of the return stroke to the stage 6 of the stepped control piston, moves it to its original position. All elements of the device ensure its stable operation on a given cycle. The cross-sections of the channels are selected based on the conditions for maximizing the use of the kinetic energy of the drummer when punching the well or controlled self-return of the device along the punched well.

To carry out controlled self-return (reverse) of the punched well, the chamber 17 communicates with the atmosphere through the channel 31 through the control body 32 (valve, etc.) to ensure maximum impact of the striker on the body during the reverse stroke of the striker and a soft stroke of the striker towards the executive body under the action of compressed air in the chamber 17 under reduced pressure due to partial bleeding of air from the chamber 17 into the atmosphere through the channel 31 and the control unit 32.

The proposed device for punching wells in the soil can be used when punching wells vertically down, vertically up, horizontally and with any inclination.

Claims (1)

Claim A reversing device for punching wells in soils, including a cylindrical hollow body, divided by a drummer into the front and middle chambers, the rear chamber of the body, in which the stepped control piston is placed, channels communicating the middle chamber with the at5 atmosphere. and an executive body located in the bow of the body, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of work in heterogeneous soils due to automatic control of the shock load on the executive body, the hammer is made in the form of two concentrically mounted parts associated with the possibility of limited axial - relative displacement and the interaction of the external part with the housing, and the executive body is installed with the possibility of organic axial movement relative to the housing by an amount exceeding the axial moving parts of the hammer relative to one another. Compiled by S. Robaten Editor A. Ogar Tehred M. Morgenthal Corrector T. Malets Order 1326 Circulation 392 Subscription VNIIIPI of the State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries at the State Committee for Science and Technology 113035. Moscow, Zh-35. Raushskaya nab., 4/5 Production and Publishing Combine Patent, Uzhgorod, 101 Gagarin St.