SU1620647A1 - Method of hydraulic working of rock mass - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to mining promet and m. used to create safe and comfortable conditions for underground and opencast mining of coal and rock massifs. The goal is to increase the efficiency of hydrotreatment under conditions of a frozen array due to uniform and deep heating of the array with simultaneous moistening. Drills through wells and connects them to each other at the inlet and outlet. The wells are sealed and the coolant is injected into them in a closed cycle. A heated brine or its steam with a salt concentration determined by the mathematical form is used as a heat carrier. The method makes it possible to reduce the dust content of air by 2-10 times and significantly increase labor productivity during the excavation of the array, as well as to ensure uniformity of moisture in the array. 5 il.

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used to create safe and comfortable conditions for underground and open pit mining of coal and rock massifs in mines and mines, mainly when mining frozen coal beds,

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of hydrotreatment under conditions of a frozen massif due to uniform and deep heating of the massif with simultaneous moistening.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the location of wells and equipment when processing an array with a series connection of wells in underground mining; figure 2 - the same, with parallel connection of wells; FIG. 3 is a schematic of processing an array of a bent borehole in open pit mining; figure 4 - scheme

wells drilled at an angle to each other during open pit mining; Fig. 5 is a diagram of the phase state of the brine-ice system, where 1 is the NaCI solution and 2 is the CaCla solution.

From the pump 1 with the pressure gauge 2 through the hydraulic seal 3, the coolant (heated liquid or steam) enters the entrance of wells 4 drilled in the massif, connected through similar hydraulic locks 3, valve 5 and hydraulic main 6 to one another.

At the outlet of wells 4, similar hydraulic and hydraulic valves 3 and valve 5 are installed, through which wells 4 are connected to a heat generator 7, the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of pump 1,

The method is implemented as follows.

According to one of the above diagrams in the array of bore holes through holes 4, they seal the inlet and outlet hydrosystems 3, and also install valves 5 at the outlet (reduction valves or chokes can be used). The wells are then connected according to one of these schemes into a single looped system with a heating capacity 8 (with water) and a pump 1. For the convenience of maintaining the pump 1 and the heater 7, they are located in a shaft, for example, on a vent or haulage. Hot water (or steam) is pumped through the system of wells 4 under pressure, depending on the mining and geological properties of the massif. The pressure is chosen experimentally and should not exceed R 1.5 g-H (MPa), where y is the average density of rocks, kg / m3; d is the acceleration of free fall, m / s2 (d 9.8m / s2); H - the height of the column overlying rocks, m

The valves 5 create pressure drops between the wells, which leads to the filtration of the fluid or vapor in the massif and its moistening. Circulation of hot water leads to heating of the array, opening of microcracks and weakening of the array, increasing its filtration capacity and increasing the active filtration zone. The process is monitored by system pressure or by array temperature. The optimum temperature of the heat transfer fluid supplied to the mountain mass in the form of heated water according to experimental data should be in the range of 35-45 ° C, but it can be higher, retaining the positive properties of the invention. In this case, the lower limit of the temperature of the injected heated fluid is the temperature of the mountain massif; therefore, before it is fed into the mountain massif, the temperature of the liquid injected is equal to or higher than the temperature of the mass to be treated (or the formation).

The end of the process is determined by the amount of heat expended, which is measured by an electrical energy meter, by a sharp drop in pressure between the inlet and outlet of the fluid in the well system, indicating its movement in the array between the wells or the well and the bottom hole, or by the temperature of the array determined by using a thermometer (thermistor) in the test hole.

The use of warming up with simultaneous moistening with its heated liquid keeps the effective effect on dust and gas of the massif for a long time.

-

time, since deep controlled heating of the array with its simultaneous moistening leads to the opening of microcracks and pores, to a better and even

filling them with liquid, moistening based on the action of capillary forces, increasing the hydrotreatment zone, i.e. increases the efficiency of hydrotreatment.

Effective use of the invention

in the development of mountain ranges in conditions of negative temperatures. In this case, the array as a heat carrier is treated with a heated brine or its steam, the concentration of which is determined from the mathematical expression

GPL

p 0.5 nt (1 + -),

GPG

20

thirty

35

40

where nt is the salt concentration in water at which the solution does not freeze at a given temperature of the array.

The concentration is determined from the phase diagram of the saline-ice system (Fig. 5). Similar diagrams exist for other salts: KCI, NaaSO, etc., which can be used in the implementation of the proposed method.

In the above formula, T is the iceiness of the massif, kg / t, i.e. such an amount of ice that can and should grow during the processing of an array (it is usually established by geologists and is known for each stratum or bottom); tr - specific flow rate of the fluid during its injection into the array during the heat treatment process, kg / t.

Product nt (1 × -) represented by GT) p

This is the concentration of brine that will be obtained by melting the ice in an amount of gl and dissolving brine tr.

A coefficient in the formula 0.5 indicates that the working concentration should not be

below 0.5 nt (1 + -). With such a concentration

The radio will freeze up to 50% of the water from the brine after it is cooled to the temperature of the array. And this will not increase its freezing and durability after processing.

For example, for a mine developing coal seams with an array temperature of -4 ° C, the concentration of NaCl salt in the solution that does not freeze at this temperature, according to the phase diagram (Fig. 5), will be nt 6.5%. When the ice content of the array is 20 kg per ton of coal (2%) and the specific flow rate of the liquid during the impregnation of the array.

equal to 15 kg / t, the concentration of salt NaCI should not be below

on

p 0.5 6.5 (1 +) 7.6%. 15

The amount of heat QM (J) for mining the array is determined by the need to melt the ice contained therein.

Q Yatl (MJ),

where I, the heat of ice formation is hidden, is equal to 0.33 MJ / kg.

For the case in question, 1 ton of rock comes from

Q 0.33. 20 kg 6.7 MJ. kg

Thereby, the ice may be melted in brine and at a temperature below zero until the brine is diluted to such a concentration that it is in equilibrium with ice at this temperature.

If ice melting is carried out at D ° C, then it is necessary to heat the massif from its initial temperature t to 0 ° С, having expended Qm on energy Qm m -С (t - 0), or for 1 ton of rock Qm 1000t, where C is the heat capacity of the array, KJ / kg deg. For coal massif KJ

, 261,000 kg 4 degrees 5 MJ

kg hail

The end of the process is determined by the amount of heat expended (7-12 MJ / t), which is measured by an electrical energy meter or by a sharp drop in pressure between the inlet and outlet of the fluid in the system, indicating its movement in the massif between the wells or the well and the bottom, or by the temperature of the array, determined with the help of a thermometer (thermistor) in the test hole.

The use of heating with simultaneous moistening with its brine preserves the effect of fluid on the array for a long time and increases the efficiency of hydrotreatment.

As a result, an increase in the temperature of the array first leads to an increase in the adhesion of dust to the wet frozen surface in the cracks, then to ice melting and to obtain active moisture capable of binding the dust to weakening the array while increasing the filtration volume due to melted ice. Since the circulation of hot water through the wells

If the mass is heated in the entire volume within the zone of reheating, then conditions are created for using the natural moisture of the frozen mass distributed in this volume to evenly moisten it and bind the dust in it.

The collapse of wells within the array is not an obstacle to the movement of fluid around the point of collapse and along the path 10 of its movement to the neighboring well of the system. In order to increase labor productivity, instead of a container with water or brine, a steam generator and fogger can be installed, in which a carrier

The energy used is steam, the brine dispersed by the liquid, and the heating and moistening of the massif is performed by steam or a brine-steam mixture. In this case, the processing time of the array is reduced.

The invention allows to increase the efficiency of array hydrotreatment due to a longer and more intensive impact on the array through ringed through wells.

5 coolant with an optimal salt concentration. It allows to reduce the dust content of the air in comparison with the known by 2-10 times and significantly increase labor productivity during the excavation of the array.

0 Improving the safety and productivity of mining workers occurs by weakening the array and ensuring uniform moisture and the use of adhesion and condensation processes in the array during its heating with simultaneous moistening.

Claims (1)

The method of hydroprocessing of the rock mass, including drilling through skvein, connecting them to each other at the inlet and outlet, sealing wells and injection, in them a heat transfer fluid in a closed cycle, in order to increase the efficiency of hydrotreatment 5 in the conditions of a frozen array due to uniform and deep heating of the array with simultaneous moistening, a back pressure is created at the exit of the wells, and heated brine is used as the heat carrier 0 or a pair of it with a salt concentration determined from a mathematical expression n 0.5 u (1 + -), GPR where nt is the salt concentration determined by 5 from the phase diagram of the given system brine-ice for a given temperature of the mountain massif, t is the ice content of the mountain massif, kg / t; tr - specific fluid flow during injection, kg / g.  ///////////////////////////////////// s   b  /////// ////// // // At U //////// /////// l //////////// /////////. / eight X // xX ///// VXXXxV // r /// 1267 Fig 1 //////////// У ////////////////////////// FIG. 2 //////. 3 / FIG 4 -55 10 15 20 75 30 35 4 (7 Nontchglärtsr "Ј Phie 5