SU1613390A1 - Tank for easily volatile liquids - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the storage of volatile liquids. The aim of the invention is to reduce the loss of liquid from evaporation. The tank contains a device installed on the roof to reduce fluid loss, in the chamber of which elements are installed to form channels for the passage of the vapor-air mixture and the refrigerant, made in the form of inclined and connected pair-finned plates. The tank can be equipped with a device for conditioning the supra-fluid space. 1 hp f-ly, 7 ill.

Description

The invention relates to the storage of highly evaporating liquids and can be used in warehouses of liquid chemical and fuel and lubricants, in chemical, petroleum refining and oil production facilities.

The aim of the invention is to reduce the loss of liquid from evaporation.

FIG. 1 shows a tank diagram; in fig. 2 - the same with the air conditioning unit; in fig. 3 — a device for reducing evaporation loss of liquid with a vertical casing mounted on a tank roof; in fig. 4 shows section A-A in FIG. 3; la fig. 5 is a section BB in FIG. 3; in fig. 6 shows a loss reduction device with a horizontal casing, with connecting pipes for installation on a tank, a general view; in fig. 7 — apparatus for conditioning the supra-fluid space of the reservoir;

view.

The tank includes a housing 1 mounted on the roof 2 of the device 3 for reducing fluid loss.

The device 3 for reducing the loss of liquid from evaporation has a U-shaped chamber 4 with attached inlet 5 and outlet 6 steam-air mixture and a side lid 7, the inner layer of insulation 8 with a surface protected by a paint coating from the effects of liquid vapor.

Inside chamber 4, there are elements for forming channels for the passage of steam-air mixture and coolant flows, made in the form of a package of ribbed plates 9, pairwise interconnected in such a way that the edges of the plates 9 in each pair are perpendicular. The plates 9 are fixed obliquely relative to the longitudinal axis of the chamber 4 by means of protrusions 10. The relief of the pairwise connected plates 9 in the upper and lower parts forms channels 11, which are connected to the tubes from the collector 12 and the nozzles 13 of the refrigerant inlet and outlet (for example, cold air, freon from the refrigeration unit ,

water).

The condensate is made in the form located in a curved pipe 14

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funnels 15 with a liquid outlet pipe 16 attached at its lower point, passing with a downward slope through the side wall inside the pipe 14 and protruding beyond the bottom flange of the pipe 14. When connecting the pipe 14 to the installation pipe 17 installed on the tank 2, the outlet Condensed liquid conduit 16 is telescopically connected to pipe 18 installed inside the tank to prevent dropping the surface of the fluid in the tank onto the mirror.

The respiratory valve 19 with a fire safety fuse 20 contains in its upper lid 21 an electrosolenoid 22, the stem 23 of which is connected via a cotter pin to the central bolt 24 of the membrane 25 controlling the opening of the breathing valve 19 by overpressure. In electrosolenoid 22, a damping insert 26 is installed to prevent rod 23 from striking electrosolenoid 22 when triggered.

When the chamber 4 is horizontally mounted, connecting nozzles 27 are attached to the inlet 5 and outlet 6 to be installed on the tank. A thick sheet of filter paper 28 is installed under the stack of plates 9 to prevent the vapor mixture from passing through the condensate collector, the conical funnel of which forms an insulating layer 8 of the lower wall of the chamber 4. To a hole made in the lower wall of the chamber 4, a conduit 16 for withdrawing the condensed liquid to the reservoir is connected.

The reservoir can be equipped with a device for conditioning the supra-fluid space of the reservoir, having a branch pipe 29 with a side outlet installed between the body 4 and the breather valve 19, i.e. the lower part of the nozzle 29 is connected to the outlet nozzle 6 of the housing. The check valve 30 and the fan 31 are installed in series and connected by pipeline 32 to the reservoir.

The tank works as follows.

When the overpressure in the tank is exceeded as a result of the evaporation of liquid, the membrane 25 of the breathing valve 19 rises and opens the plate of the breathing valve 19, releasing the vapor-air mixture to the atmosphere. In this case, the entire vapor-air mixture passes through the channels between the pairwise connected plates 9, which are internally cooled by pumping refrigerant. The geometrical shape of the passage between the pairwise joined plates 9, formed by their ribbed relief, turbulent the flow of the vapor-air mixture, thus achieving repeated contact of the total amount of the vapor-air mixture passing through the surface of the plates 9. At the same time, liquid vapor with a degree of condensation equal to 100% condenses on their surface and the liquid film formed under the action of surface tension forces shrinks into depressions between the ribs and when gaining sufficient mass, overcoming the adhesion forces with the surface of the surface. Steen 9 (due to the wettability phenomenon) by gravity depressions between the ribs flow into condensate from which is withdrawn through conduit 16 into the tank.

When an overpressure in the tank is reached, 5-10% less than the overpressure of opening the breather valve 19 turns on the refrigerant to cool the plates 9. When the temperature drops to a predetermined value or after a certain period of time, the solenoid 22 turns on and the rod 23 retracts. smiling, raises the membrane 25 and the breathing valve 19 opens, discharging the cleaned air through the condenser to the atmosphere, which reduces the pressure in the tank. When the pressure in the tank is 20-30% less than the value of the overpressure of opening the breather valve 19, the electrosolenoid 22 turns off, the rod 23 together with the diaphragm 25 is lowered and the breathing valve 19 closes. In conjunction with the shutdown of electrosolenoid 22, the electrical unit for the supply of the refrigerant is switched off.

When pumping the tank with liquid from the operator, the electrical signal to the injection pumps (opening the valve) is supplied with the time delay necessary for the device 3 to reach the set temperature provided by switching on the electrical unit of the refrigerant supply to cool the plates 9.

When the temperature in the device 3 drops to a predetermined value or after a certain period of time, the injection pumps turn on (the valve opens) and the electrosolenoid 22 starts working, keeping the diaphragm 25 in the upper position, eliminating the slam of the breather valve plate 19 when the vapor-air mixture is discharged from the supra-fluid space of the tank from - to reduce the occupied volume. At the end of the injection of fluid into the tank and shutdown of the injection pumps (closing the valve), the breathing valve 19 is in the open position, discharging the cleaned air into the atmosphere, which reduces the pressure in the tank. When the pressure in the tank is reduced by 20-30% less than the value of the overpressure of opening the breather valve 19, the latter closes and switches off the electrical unit of the coolant supply for cooling the plates 9.

To eliminate the discharge of vapor-air mixture through the device and possible

This loss of light fractions of the fluid due to excessive pressure in the reservoir, resulting from fluctuations in ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure ("small breaths"), the reservoir can be supplemented with a device for conditioning the vapor mixture of the superfluid reservoir space.

When an overpressure in the tank is reached by 5-10% less than the overpressure of opening the breather valve 19, the refrigerant is supplied to cool the plates 9 and the fan 31 is simultaneously turned on. A boost is created with a value equal to 5-10 of the opening pressure of the breathing valve 19 , which leads to the opening (raising) of the non-return valve 30. The pressure drop for the operation (raising) of the non-return valve 30 is equal to 2-3% of the value of the excess pressure of the opening of the breathing valve 19. Air conditioning The above-liquid reservoir space provides condensation of liquid vapors and air cooling, which results in a decrease in pressure in the reservoir. When the pressure in the tank decreases by 20-30% less than the value of the overpressure of opening the breather valve 19, the fan 31 and the electrical unit of the refrigerant supply are switched off together. The turbulent flow of the vapor-air mixture and the self-detachment of the condensate film from the surface of the plates create a high heat exchange efficiency in the device 3, which results in a high degree of reduction in liquid loss from evaporation in the tank with a slight temperature difference exceeding the temperature difference of the vapor phase to liquid transition.

Claims (2)

1. Tank for highly evaporating liquids, including a housing with a roof, a breathing valve, a device mounted on the cover, to reduce fluid loss, containing a chamber with  in it there are elements for the formation of channels for the passage of steam-air mixture and refrigerant streams, branch pipes for inlet and outlet of the air-steam mixture and coolant, characterized in that, in order to reduce 5 liquid losses from evaporation, the elements forming channels for the passage of the vapor-air mixture and the refrigerant in the chamber, are ribbed plates arranged in pairs with each other and mounted obliquely relative to the longitudinal axis of the chamber so that the edges of the plates of each pair are perpendicular plates to the ribs next to the installed pair, with each channel for the passage of a steam-air mixture 25 located between the pairs of ribbed plates, and each channel for the passage of the refrigerant inside each pair finned plates. 2. The tank according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a device for air conditioning of the over-fluid space, a reservoir consisting of a check valve installed in series and a fan connected by means of pipelines to the apparatus for reducing fluid loss and the reservoir. 0 d.2 21 25 Fiad ytttt w Paro oats mixture FIG. five 27,683 ff./2 I   1 .L.  /.f.{....../ - iO 28 16 Dd X // adagent Je 12 27 | f Fy