SU1604748A1 - Electric coagulator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to apparatus used for the purification of natural and waste waters by electrocoagulation. The aim of the invention is to stabilize the current load by cleaning the surface of the electrodes. The invention proposes to sonicate the electrodes through waveguides installed in the gaps between the electrodes and having a confuser shape extended to the width of the electrodes. 2 Il.

Description

The invention relates to apparatuses used for the purification of natural and waste waters by electrocoagulation.

The purpose of the invention is to stabilize the current load by cleaning the surface of the electrodes.

FIG. 1 shows an electrocoagulant; in fig. 2 - graphs characterizing the current drop on the electrodes as a function of the duration of the operation of electrocoagulators.

The electrocoagulator comprises a housing 1 made from a dielectric and equipped with nozzles 2 for inlet and outlet of the solution being treated. The cathode and anode plates 3 are placed into the housing 1, and the chip electrode 4, divided into separate sections, between the cathode and anode plates 3 and the sections of the chip electrode 4 is provided with protective grids 5 made of a dielectric. Under the electrodes 3 and 4 placed ultrasonic waveguides 6, made of a dielectric, and ultrasonic emitters 7.

Electrocoagulant works as follows.

The processed fluid enters through the lower pipe 2 into the waveguides 6 and, evenly distributed, enters the gaps between the electrodes. Under the action of an electric current supplied to the electrodes 3, metal ions are released from the chip electrode 4, which saturate the liquid being processed, being oxidized to a metal hydroxide. The current to the chip electrode 4 flows through the electrolyte (the liquid to be treated), i.e. the electrode acts as a bipolar. The liquid saturated with metal hydroxide is removed from the housing 1 through the upper nozzle 2. To clean the electrodes 3 and 4 from the oxide film, biofouling and the deposition of organic compounds, they are subjected to periodic sonication. When ultrasound emitters 7 are turned on, ultrasound is concentrated by waveguides 6 and supplied to the gaps between the electrodes, in which electrodes 3 and 4 are cleaned from the oxide film, biofouling, organic deposits and gas bubbles formed during the electrolysis process. The delivery of ultrasound directly into the gaps between the electrodes allowed to intensify the cleaning process and clean the electrodes over the entire area evenly.

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Tests were performed on laboratory electrocoaguli with a capacity of 3 liters. The voltage on the electrodes 24 V, current 1A. In one electrocoagulator two ultrasonic emitters from ultrasonic installation UZU-0.25 were installed with an ultrasound frequency of 18 kHz, and also replaceable waveguides and ultrasound concentrators were installed in the form of plates, slots, diffusers and confusors. other electrocats. The current drop on the proposed electrocoagulator (line 5) occurs due to the dissolution of the electrodes and an increase in the interelectrode distance.

The waveguide design, made in the form of a confuser, makes it possible to collect and concentrate ultrasonic vibrations from several emitters simultaneously, which allows reducing the number of emitters in the apparatus. Waveguide application

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The coagulum conforming to known known types of co-generators requires the installation of ultrasound. ultrasonic emitter for each wave. Testing was carried out separately for each type of waveguides-slit, diffuser, plate on the water of one class. The test results are shown in FIG. 2, where line 1 is the operation of an electrocoagulator without ultrasonic treatment of electrodes, line 2 is an electrocoagulator with concentrating waveguides in the form of a diffuser, line 3 is

electrocoagulator with concentrating waveguides- j, r ,, ipv, .. “v ..... --г

tors in the form of a slit, line 4 - electric power consumption and output of a coagulator with waveguides in the form of plates, metal over current,

line 5 - the proposed hub.

In electrocoagul tori, electrodes were used that were pressed from chips of Art. 3. Such electrodes have a much larger 25 contact surface with the treated solution as compared with electrodes made of sheet material. The use of chip electrodes improves the performance of electrocoagula

However, the cleaning of these electrodes makes it difficult to stabilize the current load due to the cleaning due to their porous structure. Tests on the surface of electrodes, electrocoagulae, conducted on electrodes of this type, shorten the time of the experiment, increase its accuracy and reliability.

Current drop with time on coagulum - ". ,,, -, -. . .. -,

tori (line 2–4) is explained by the consequences of the chip electrode and the placement of the oxide film and the dissolution of the elec- trons in the gaps between the sections.

water, which increases the cost of installation and increases the energy consumption for ultrasonic cleaning.

From the above data, it can be seen that the periodic treatment of the electrodes with ultrasound in the proposed electrocoagulator completely removes them from oxide films, biofouling and deposition of organic salts, as a result of which the formula of the invention stabilizes

An electrocoagulator comprising a housing with electrode plates placed therein and a chip electrode separated from the electrode plastics and divided into separate sections with dielectric grids, characterized in that

The torus contains ultrasonic emitters installed at the bottom of the housing under the electrodes, and waveguides, made in the form of a confuser, extended to the width of the secodors. The current drop on the proposed electrocoagulator (line 5) occurs due to the dissolution of the electrodes and an increase in the interelectrode distance.

The waveguide design, made in the form of a confuser, makes it possible to collect and concentrate ultrasonic vibrations from several emitters simultaneously, which allows reducing the number of emitters in the apparatus. Waveguide application

ovyri Jt / i jf-iwiv-vi t Mi.zh ....., .... -.

 known types require the installation of an ultrasonic emitter for each wave of known types requires the installation of an ultrasonic emitter for each wave j, r ,, ipv, .. “v ..... - g

 the required power consumption and metal current output,

water, which increases the cost of installation and increases the energy consumption for ultrasonic cleaning.

From the above data it can be seen that the periodic treatment of the electrodes with ultrasound in the proposed electrocoagulator completely removes them from oxide films, biofouling and deposition of organic salts, as a result of which it stabilizes,

 stabilization of the current load due to the cleaning of the surface of the electrodes, electrocoagulum

An electrocoagulator comprising a housing with electrode plates placed therein and a chip electrode separated from the electrode plastics and divided into separate sections with dielectric grids, characterized in that

 stabilization of the current load due to cleaning the surface of the electrodes, electrocoagul. ,,, -, -. . .. -,

 chip electrode and placed in the gaps between the sections.

The torus contains ultrasonic emitters installed at the bottom of the housing under the electrodes, and waveguides made in the form of a confuser extended to the width of a sec.

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Claims (1)

Claim 25 Electrocoagulator, comprising a housing with electrode plates and a chip electrode located therein, separated from the electrode plates and divided into separate sections by dielectric grids, characterized in that, in order to 30 stabilize the current load by cleaning the surface of the electrodes, the electrocoagulator contains ultrasonic emitters, mounted on the bottom of the housing under the electrodes, and waveguides made in the form of a confuser elongated to the width of sections of the chip electrode 35 and placed in the gaps between the sections. FIG. 1 Csj co