SU1602941A1 - Auger working member of continuous machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to mining, construction and earth-moving machinery, in particular to the working bodies of earth-moving machines. The goal is to reduce the energy intensity of the cutting process and increase reliability of operation. The screw tool includes a continuous spiral tape (SL) 2 fixed to the cantilevered stepped shaft 1 with a constant angle of elevation, with working and non-working surfaces. At the periphery of the latter, holders with lateral incisors (P) 3 are placed. The diameter of SL 2 and shaft 1 is made increasing in the direction from the cantilever end. The length of the steps of the shaft 1 is equal to the corresponding pitch SL 2, and the ratio of the diameters of the shaft 1 and SL 2 at the end sections of the working body are equal. The cutting edges of the lateral P 3 are parallel to the generatrix of the conical surface, drawn through the tops of the coils SL 2. The end P 5 and the partially lateral P 3 loose the soil, and the SL 2 transports it. The cutting parts P 3 hang ahead in the direction of rotation of the transporting surface SL 2, so that the soil they cut off immediately goes to the transport surface SL 2 without mixing between the turns of the screw. 4 il.

Description

FIG

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The invention relates to Jurassic, construction and earth-moving machinery, in particular, to working bodies of earth-moving machines of continuous action for trimming ledges in hydromechanized excavation.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the energy intensity of the cutting process and increase reliability of operation.

FIG. 1 shows the working body of the general view; in fig. 2 - the same, sweep on a conical surface; in fig. 3 - the process of trimming a layer of ground ledge with the proposed working organ; in fig. 4 - auger of the proposed working body.

The working body includes a shaft 1 of variable cross section, on which the transporting spiral tape 2 is fixed with a constant angle of elevation o. and holders with lateral incisors 3 placed at the periphery of its non-working surface. In this case, the cutters 3 are arranged so that their 1 еж cutting edges are parallel to the conical surface with a taper angle of 2 Y, which surrounds the screw, form a continuous stepped cutting line, i.e. . the end of the cutting edge of the previous cutter 3 and the beginning of the cutting edge of the next one are on the same radius in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis OX of the working member.

In addition, the cutting edges of the lateral incisors 3 cantileverly hang in front (in the course of rotation) of the transporting surface of the helix 2. One end of the working member is provided with a flange 4, and end cutters 5 are placed on the second cantilever end.

The diameters of shaft 1 and helix 2 increase in direction from the cantilever end, and the ratio of their dimensions, measured at the ends of the working member, is equal, i.e. The conical surfaces describing the auger and the stepped shaft 1 have a common vertex O and an axis of rotation OX. Shaft 1 is stepped, which simplifies its manufacture. Each step is made of sections of pipes of constant diameter, the length of which is equal to the corresponding pitch of the helix, which also simplifies the manufacture of the tool when mounted on helix 1 of helix 2, imex, in connection with a constant elevation angle ci and taper 2y, variable yag, increasing

with

Iq

J5

20 5

dr

35

located in the direction of the CONSOLIDAY end.

The angle of tapering U is assumed to be equal to the angle of inclination of the longitudinal axis of the working body attached to the earthmoving machine in its lower working position relative to the bottom of the soil.

Spiral 2 in space is formed by rotating the generatrix around the OX axis with simultaneous movement of the point Oj (along this axis. Thus, the spatial configuration of the helix 2 is determined by the distance p from the top of the conical surface O to the current point of the periphery of the helix M and the angle of rotation | 3 forming the zero initial position at the cantilever end, the screw corresponding to point A (Fig. 4). At the same time, p is determined from the output.

 R ).

where r is the helix radius at the cantilever end of the auger.

This expression is derived from

 . g p

five

the constants of the angle of elevation of the spiral txl (Fig. 2). When the point M is moved from the positions to the position m, the radius is rotated by the angle dLP and increments dp. You can write

dp p. tgo (. d (f, From here, by integrating, we get

p ro-exp (tgo. (Cf -q))), where C) (|; + (i-O-lp;

i is the turn number of the helix;

t |) f, - full sweep angle, glad.

Phase C) through the radial angle of rotation (Fig. 4) of the generatrix of the VLM helix around the longitudinal axis Ov, based on the fact that the angle Cpc on the scan corresponds to the radial angle В „2 and, from here

.p.

But Cf. OA 2 g, and OA,

sinj

from here

Wed „27. siny

Thus, (M. Sin V tov is this and that when O, we have P OA r / sin V, we get the final expression

Teach

exp (tg about / - sinij-.p)

P --- G sin y

The working principle of the proposed organ is as follows.

By flange 4, the working member is connected to the rotational-translational drive. It is then rotated and, moving along its longitudinal axis, ka-bor, is inserted into the ledge. Here, the face 5 and partly lateral 3 cutters loosen the soil, and the spiral tape 2 placed on the shaft 1 transports it from the well. After insertion, the longitudinal feed is stopped at a predetermined depth and transverse flow is communicated to the working body, in which the lateral cutters 3 are fed in cross flow, in which the side cutters 3 create a trapezoidal section in the ground ledge. When the cut block of the soil is detached from the pillar and its settling, the upper and lower planes of the cutting slit contact in a line, forming an open triangle in cross section, due to which the block of ground gets a rotational movement around the contact line, thereby ending. it is detached from the pillar and destroyed when it hits the ground.

Teach

The cutting mode of the lateral incisors 3 is semi-molded, since each previous cutter 3 forms for the subsequent one free side wall in the ground, due to the inclined position of their cutting edges with the inclination angle Y, i.e. parallel to the conical surface that surrounds the helix 2 of the screw. In addition, such a position of the cutters 3 leads to their operation in the mode of oblique cutting, which also reduces the value of the cutting force on the cutter. The cutting portions of the incisors 3 hang in front along the rotational direction of the conveying surface-helix 2, whereby the soil they cut off immediately enters this surface without interfering between the turns of the screw, and is carried out of the cutting slot.

15

02941

The constancy of the elevation angle of the helix t, chosen according to the conditions for achieving optimal transportation performance of the absence of soil metanics on the conical auger, leads to an inconsistency of the helix pitch 2, increasing it in the direction of the fixed end of the working body, which leads 10 to an increase in the volume of the auger sections between adjacent coils of spiral 2. in the same direction as the increase in the volume of transportation from the cut hole of the cut soil.

The loads that occur during the operation of the working body (torque and bending moments) are transmitted to the main strength element of the structure,

which is the shaft 1, and their size increases in the direction of the fixed end. The variable cross-section of the shaft 1 reduces the diversity of the stresses arising in its material in different sections, i.e. makes shaft 1 equally strong to be made of pipe lengths equal to the corresponding pitch of helix 2, simplifies the manufacture of the auger, because the connection of helix 2 and shaft 1 can be fitted in sections that have small dimensions and weight

In connection with the increasing volume of cut soil transported from the cutting slot, the proportional increase in the volume of the screw sections between adjacent turns is assumed to be equal to the ratio of the diameters of the helix 2 and the shaft 1, measured at the ends of the tool. In a geometrical sense, this is expressed by the fact that conical surfaces describing shaft 1 and spig; | al 2, have a common vertex O and an axis of rotation OX.

When undercutting a ground ledge at its base, the working body maintains the flatness of the soil at the bottom, since its taper angle T of Y in this case is equal to the tilt angle of the longitudinal axis (Fig. 3). ,

formula of invention

A non-reproducing machine working body, including a continuous spiral belt of fixed angle fixed to the cantilever shaft from the working and non-working surface, holders with side cutters fixed to the non-working surface, and forming a continuous cutting line that differs from in order to reduce the energy intensity of the cutting process and increase reliability of operation, the shaft is made stepwise, while the diameter of the spiral tape and the shaft is made increasing in the direction from the cantilever end, and cut The lateral edges of the lateral incisors are parallely shaped to form a conical surface through the vertices of the spiral tape, the length of the shaft steps being equal to the corresponding pitch of the helix, and the ratio of the diameters of the shaft and helix at the end sections of the working member are equal.

eleven

FIG. I

ig.Z

 J

9ag.1

Claims (1)

Claim The screw working element of the machine of continuous action, including a continuous spiral tape fixed to a cantilever shaft with a constant angle of elevation from a working and non-working surface, holders with side cutters mounted on a non-working surface and forming a continuous cutting line, characterized in that, for the purpose of reduce the energy consumption of the cutting process and increase the reliability, the shaft is made stepwise, while the diameter of the spiral tape and shaft are made increasing in the direction from the cantilever end, and Suitable cutters are parallel to the edge forming the lateral conical surface apex conducted through windings coiled ribbon, wherein the length of the shaft of steps equal to the corresponding step helix, and the diameter ratio of the shaft and a spiral at the ends of the working body are equal.