SU1597809A2 - Digital meter of magnetic induction - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of magnetic measurements and can be used for precision measurements in a wide range of induction of constant magnetic fields. The aim of the invention is to expand the functionality of the meter, which is achieved by determining the directional magnetic induction. The digital magnetic induction meter contains a Hall sensor 1, a switch 2, a power source 3, a synchronous detector 4, a voltage-to-pulse number converter 5, a reversing counter 6, a digital indicator consisting of a binary-decipher 7 and an indicator 8, block 9 control, trigger 10 with a counting input, elements 11, 12 and 13, trigger 14, indicator 15 characters. The control block 9 consists of a generator of 16 pulses, a counter 17, a decoder 18, And 11, 19-20 and 21 elements, triggers 22 and 23. The devices also include an inverter 24. 1 Il.

Description

. The invention relates to magnetic measurements, can be used for precision measurement in a wide range of induction of constant magnetic fields and is an improvement of the invention by ed. St. No. 1390584.

The purpose of the invention is the expansion of the functionality of the device by determining the direction of magnetic induction.

The drawing shows a block diagram of a digital magnetic induction meter.

A digital magnetic induction meter (Fig. 1) consists of a Hall sensor 1 connected to a switch 2, a power source 3, a synchronous detector 4 connected in series, a voltage transducer 5 — the number of pulses, a counter 6, and a digital indicator consisting of a binary decimal decoder 7 and indicator 8, control unit 9, trigger 10 with a counting input, elements 11–13, trigger 14, and indicator 15 of the sign. The control unit 9 generates unchanging control signals synchronizing the operation of the entire device, and changing control signals depending on changing operating conditions, and consists of serially connected pulse generator 16, counter 17, decoder 18, elements 19-19, triggers 22 and 23. The device also includes an inverter 24.

The device operates in two measurement steps. The initial setting signal coming from the output 25 of block 9 is set to the zero state of the reverse counter 6. The same signal is set to the zero state, trigger 14 and triggers 22 and 23 of the control unit 9. From the output 26 of the control unit 9 on the reverse bus of the reversible counter 6 receives such a control signal, by which the reversible counter 6 works on addition.

In the first cycle of the 1st measurement cycle, the output signal of the Hall sensor 1 at Jex)>; 4-V or - V is equal to Ui = J ± ex- | 4 ~ U4 · This value of the output signal of the Hall sensor 1 in the first clock cycle 1 of the measurement cycle is due to the fact that the control signal at the output 27 of the control unit 9 connects the first pair of opposite 'sensor electrodes Hall 1 to the synchronous detector 4, and through the second pair of opposite electrodes of the Hall sensor 1, current from the power supply 3 is drawn.

> the first clock cycle (14-1) of the measurement cycle, the output signal of the Hall sensor is | ± e, - ЦнЦ, where е _х is the EMF of the Hall, U “is the voltage of the nonequipotentiality of the Hall sensor.

In the first step of the 1st measurement cycle, the output signal of the Hall sensor 1 Ui == (± Щ-Цие] is supplied through the switch 2 and the synchronous detector 4 to the converter 5 voltage - the number of pulses 5. The results of the conversion in the form of pulses are fed to the reversible counter 6, where stored in the form of code N | = 4 ± ex4-U ^H3 .tK, where K is the conversion factor of the voltage converter - the number of pulses.

At the end of the first measurement cycle, the control unit 9 of the signal coming from the output 27 through the trigger 10 with the counting input switches the switch 2.

In the second measurement step, the output signal of the Hall sensor 1 in the form of the number of pulses N ₂ = K (e _x —Cke) is recorded in counter 6, where it is summed or subtracted from the encoding result Νι of the first clock.

This voltage through the switch 2 and the synchronous detector 4 is supplied to the Converter 5 voltage — the number of pulses, whence in the form of a sequence of pulses is supplied to the reversing counter 6.

In the second clock, the counter 6 operates on addition. Etlo is due to the fact that the state of the trigger 23 in the second cycle does not change. At the first single input of trigger 23. control signal cannot pass through element 20, since at 4-V the inhibitory potential “4-” comes from the output of synchronous detector 4 to the first input of element And 20. When –B in the first cycle, element And 19 which receives the signal from the output of the synchronous detector 4. The output signal of the element And 19 puts the trigger 22 in a single state. In this case, the trigger 22 gives the inhibitory potential to the second input of the element And 20.

The control signal cannot pass to the second single input of trigger 23 through the And 21 element, since at 4-V the inhibitory potential comes from the trigger 22 to the first input of And 21, and at -B the inhibit potential comes from the inverter 24 to the second input of And 21 , which inverts the resolution potential “-” from the output of the synchronous detector 4.

In the second step of the measurement cycle, the reverse counter 6 will record the number of pulses proportional to the Hall EMF N _t = Ni4-N ₂ = K) ex4-U4 + Klex — U <4 = KN + 4 ~ KJ Un3.i 4-K | eD-K | C »4 = 2K | ex | = 2Ke *.

In the second cycle 04-1) of the cycle, the reverse counter 6 will also record the number of pulses proportional to the Hall EMF.

Let the direction of the magnetic induction B be positive -) - B, and [e * KSh "| Then the output signals of the Hall sensor! in the i cycle, the measurements will be ύι = | β _χ 4-υ · «|; C ₂ = | e _x - —Cne |. In the (i-4-1) measurement cycle, the signals from the Hall sensor 1 will be U, =) e _x - U »» [, U ₂ =! E _x 44-U> »|.

In the second measurement cycle, trigger 23 changes the counting direction in the reverse counter 6. In the i measurement cycle, element And 20 is triggered in the second cycle, because resolving potentials arrive at its two inputs. At the first input of the And 20 element, the resolving potential “-” comes from the output of the synchronous detector 4, and the second potential receives the resolving potential from the trigger 22. The output signal of And 20 goes to the first single input of the trigger 23, changing its state. The trigger 23 from the output gives a signal to the reverse bus of the reverse counter 6, by which the latter starts to work on the subtraction. As a result, in the second cycle of cycle i, the reverse counter 6 will record the number of pulses proportional to the Hall EMF and _x = Νι + Ν ₂ = Κ1ϋ · <'+ βκ | - К) and> Д | = К1СМ + + К | ex | —Kyunz1 + К1ех1 = 2КЫ = 2Кех.

In the (+ 1) measurement cycle, in the second cycle, the And 21 element is triggered, since resolving potentials arrive at its two inputs. At the first input it receives the resolving potential from the output of the inverter 24, which inverts the inhibiting potential from the output of the synchronous detector

4. At the second input of the element And 21 receives the resolving potential from the trigger 22, which in the first step goes into a single state. The trigger 22 in the first cycle goes into a single state as a result of the operation of the I19 element, to which the resolving potential “-” comes from the output of the synchronous detector 4.

The output signal of the element And 21 is supplied to the second single input of the trigger 23 and changes its state. The trigger 23 from the output 26 gives a signal to the reverse bus of the reverse counter 6, by which the latter begins to work for subtraction. When the number in the reverse counter 6 in the second clock cycle (i + Ι) of the cycle becomes zero, the element 11 is triggered, to which the code from the reverse counter 6 is received. The element 11 sends a control signal to the second zero input of the trigger 23 and sets it to the original state.

Thus, the trigger 23 in the second cycle (i + 1) of the cycle changes the direction of the count in the reverse counter 6 a second time, i.e. the reverse counter 6 starts to work on addition. As a result, after the second cycle, the reversible counter 6 will record the number of pulses proportional to the Hall EMF,

N ₂ = K | e * + Un ”l = KJe _x + U” = —e ”+ e * | = = K1Uh. - e "l + 2K | exl = N ₂ + N ₂ ;

Nt = Ni — N ₂ + N ₂ = KlU * e- _x | —KHn, - —e _x 1 + 2Klexl = 2Kle _r } = 2Ke _x .

Let the direction of magnetic induction be negative —B, and | e * | <| LJh _S |. Then the output signals of the Hall sensor 1 in the measurement cycle will be 4 ^ 1 = 1 — βχ + ί + Ί; U ₂ - | —ex — Uh _S |.

In the (i + 1) measurement cycle, the output signals of the Hall sensor 1 will be Ui = | —ex— —1 ++, U ₂ = I — ex + U? ”|.

The operation of the device in the i measurement cycle is no different from the operation of the device in the (i + 1) measurement cycle at + V and | e _x | <

The operation of the device in the (i + Ι) measurement cycle is no different from the operation of the device in the i measurement cycle at + V and | cx1 <cIUh4.

The result of push-pull operation, stored in the reverse counter 6, is transmitted to the decoder 7 and is read by a digital indicator 8.

In addition, the positive polarity ("+>) of the synchronous detector 4 is stored in the first trigger of the measurement in the sign trigger 14. In this case, the inhibitory potential (" + ") of the synchronous detector 4, passing through the inverter 24, becomes enable. Thus, in the first cycle, the first potential of the element And 12 receives the resolving potential. Element And 12 is triggered and gives a signal to a single input of the trigger sign 14 and changes its state.

The determination of the direction of magnetic induction B is as follows, when | e, t> | U »e | and + B.

The signal from the output 25 of the control unit 9, the trigger sign 14 is set to its original state. In the first measurement sample, the output signal of the synchronous detector 4, passing through the inverter 24, is fed to the input of the element And 12. The element And 12 is triggered and gives a signal to the single input of the trigger 14 character, which goes into a single state. The direction of magnetic induction is determined in the second measurement step. In the second step, the And 13 element is triggered, since the resolving potential from the trigger of 14 signs comes to its first input. The indicator 15 of the sign on the signal of the element And 13 illuminates the positive direction "+> of magnetic induction. For | exj> | U> u + B.

The signal from the output 25 of the control unit 9, the trigger 14 character is set to its original state. In the first cycle of the measurement cycle, the output signal of the synchronous detector 4, passing through the inverter 24, is fed to the input of the element And 12, which is triggered and gives a signal to the single input of the trigger 14 character, which goes into a single state. The direction of magnetic induction is determined in the second measurement step. In the second step, the And 13 element is triggered, since the resolving potential from the trigger of 14 signs comes to its first input. The indicator 15 of the sign on the signal of the element And 13 displays the positive direction of the magnetic induction.

In the first cycle of the next 1) measurement cycle, the output signal of synchronous detector 4, passing through the inverter 24, is fed to the input of element And 12, which does not work, since the inhibitory potential arrives at its input. Therefore, the state of trigger sign 14 does not change, i.e. the trigger 14 is in the zero state, in which it was established by the signal from the output 25 of the control unit 9 to the zero input of the sign trigger 14. Since in the second clock the level of the output signal of the Hall sensor 1 will be greater than in the first clock, the element And 11 is triggered. The output signal goes to the counting input of the sign trigger 14 and changes its state. In the second measurement step, the direction of magnetic induction is determined. In the second measurement step, the And 13 element is triggered, since the resolving potential from the trigger of the sign 14 arrives at its first input. The sign indicator 15, upon the signal of the And 13 element, illuminates the positive direction of magnetic induction.

For | e *> | Uhs | and —In the signal coming from the output 25 of the control unit 9, the sign trigger 14 is set to its initial state. In the first measurement step, the output signal of the synchronous detector 4, passing through the inverter 24, is fed to the input of the element And 12. The element And 12 Does not work, since the Prohibition potential is received at its input. Therefore, the state of trigger 14 of the sign does not change, i.e. trigger 14 is in the zero state, in which it is established by a signal from output 25 of control unit 9 to the zero input of trigger 14 of the sign. The direction of magnetic induction is determined in the second measure step. In the second step, the And 13 element does not work, since the inhibitory potential from the trigger of 14 signs comes to its first input. This state of the element And 13 corresponds to the negative direction of magnetic induction.

, When | e4 <CMM and —B by the signal coming from the output 25 of the control unit 9, the sign trigger 14 is set to its initial state. In the first clock cycle of the measurement cycle, the output signal of the synchronous detector Tbpa 4, passing through the inverter 24, is fed to the input of the element And 12. The element And 12 is triggered and gives a signal to the single input of the trigger 14 of the mark, which goes into a single state. In the second measure step, the levels of the output signal of the Hall sensor are greater than in the first measure step; in the second measure, the elec

2b ment AND 11. The output signal of the element And 11 goes to the counting input of the sign trigger and changes its state, i.e. trigger 14 goes to zero state. The direction of magnetic induction is determined in the second measurement step. In the second measurement step, the And 13 element does not work, since the inhibitory potential from the trigger 14 arrives at its first input. This state of the And 13 element corresponds to the negative direction of magnetic induction.

In the first cycle (ϊφ-Ι) of the measurement cycle, the output signal of the synchronous detector 4, passing through the inverter 24, is fed to the input 22 of the element And 12. The element And 12 does not work, since the inhibitory potential arrives at its input. Therefore, the state of the trigger 14 zsaka does not change, i.e. the trigger 14 is in the zero state, in which it was established by the signal from the output 25 of the control unit 9 to the zero input of the sign trigger 14. The direction of magnetic induction is determined in the second measurement step. In the second measurement step, the And 13 element does not work, since the inhibitory potential from the trigger of 14 signs comes to its first Input.

This state of the element And 13 corresponds to the negative direction of magnetic induction.

δο

Claims (1)

Claim Digital magnetic induction meter according to ed. St. No. 1390584, characterized in that, in order to expand the functionality of the meter by determining the direction of magnetic induction, a third trigger, an inverter, a third, fourth, fifth element And, a trigger with a counting input and a sign indicator connected to the output of the fourth element And are introduced into it Whose digital input is connected to the first input of the third AND element, the second input to the output of the third trigger, the single input of which is connected to the output of the fifth AND element, the counting input to the output of the third AND element and the second input control, and the zero input of the trigger is connected to the reset input of the reverse counter, while the first input of the fifth element And is connected to the output of the inverter and the second input of the fifth element And is with the second input of the first element And, the inverter input is connected to the first input of the control unit, the trigger inputs with a counting input - to the first output of the control unit, and its output through the switch - to the signal input of the synchronous detector.