SU1595828A1 - Installation for preparins composts - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture and provides increased processing efficiency as well as operational reliability. The working body is installed in the vessel with the possibility of longitudinal and transverse movements. The working body is made in the form of spiral blades 5 mounted on a hollow perforated shaft 6. The perforations of the shaft 6 are blocked by a wound elastic tape 20. On the spiral edges of the blades 5, there are chambers with holes. The chamber is connected via a hose to a source of compressed air supply and covered with an elastic cuff. The cuff edges are attached to the blade 5 by means of, for example, rivets. When feeding organic waste through the cavity of the shaft 6, the edges of the turns of the elastic tape 20 are stretched and the waste is injected into the composts while simultaneously aerating the air coming from under the edges of the cuff. 3 hp ff, 4 ill.

Description

2

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6. The perforation of shaft 6 is blocked by a wound elastic tape 20. Chambers with holes are mounted on the spiral edges of the blades 5. The chamber is connected via a hose to a source of compressed air supply and covered with an elastic cuff. The cuff edges are attached to the blade 5 by means of, for example, rivets. When feeding organic waste through the shaft cavity 6, the edges of the elastic tape 20 windings are stretched and the waste is injected into the composts while being aerated from the edges of the cuff. 3 hp f-ly 4 Il.

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25

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to charters for preparing composts by aerobic fermentation of organic waste and excrement, and can be used for composting manure.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the processing efficiency as well as operational reliability.

FIG. 1 shows a plant for the preparation of composts, top view; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 shows the node I in FIG. 2; in fig. 4 - knot. II in FIG. 3.

The installation comprises an open-top treatment tank 1 having a rectangular shape. Above capacity 1 is mounted with the possibility of longitudinal and transverse movement along rail tracks m 2 and 3 on trolley 4 a mixing working body, which is made in the form of spiral blades 5 fixed to a hollow perforated shaft 6c. Shaft 6 has perforation 7 and communicates with source 8 supply of organic waste through a flexible hose 9 and a pump 10. Swivel coupling 11 is installed in the upper part of the shaft 6 and is connected to the flexible hose 9.

t

The main means of aeration of organic waste is made in the form of a perforated plate 12, which is installed parallel to the bottom of the tank 1 in its lower part. The space between the bottom of the container 1 and the plate 12 is in communication with the compressed air supply means (not shown).

The installation is equipped with an additional aeration means, which is made in the form of a perforated chamber 13 with holes 14.

The chamber 13 with its upper part is connected to the outer rubra 15, so0

five

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40

45

50

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Mainly mounted with the shaft 6 and provided with a rotary coupling 16 with a hose 17 for supplying compressed air. The chamber 13 has a protective casing in the form of an elastic cuff 18, the edges of which are attached to the blade m 5 by means of point mounts 19, in the form of, for example, rivets or bolts. The device for preventing sediment from clogging up the perforations 7 of the shaft 6 is made in the form of an elastic band 20 fixed to one of its edges on the shaft 6 with the possibility of blocking its perforations 7. The elastic band 20 is mounted on the shaft 6 with the winding direction coinciding with the winding direction of the spiral blades 5. The free edges of the tape 20 are installed with the ability to overlap attached to the shaft 6, the edges of its adjacent coil.

The installation is equipped with a device for unloading compost, made in the form of two horizontal screws 21 and 22 placed in the tank 1 with the opposing direction of the turns, between which an overload conveyor in the form of two screws 23 and 24 rotating opposite to each other is inclined. Under the upper end of the screws 23 and 24 there is a belt conveyor 25, the end of which is placed above the belt conveyor 26 installed parallel to the tank 1 "The device for unloading composts is mounted on the carriage 27 mounted on the track 2. Screws 21 and 22 are attached to the rotary in the vertical direction rods m 28 and 29.

The composting unit operates as follows.

The components obtained previously in a limestone manner are loaded in the form of an octroBHoro material inside the container 1. This material can

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can contain 10-40 wt.% water. Then the tank 1 is filled with semi-liquid or liquid manure, which is mixed with a mixer to form a homogeneous mass. This mass is pumped into the cavity of the shaft 6 by the pump 10, from where it is injected through the perforations 7 and between the edges of the elastic band 20 into the composts. At the same time, through the hose 17 through the rotary coupling 16 and the pipe 15, the compressed air is supplied to the chamber 13, from where through the holes 14, stretching the edge of the cuff 18 between the fasteners 19, flows towards the incoming slurry with multiple jets intersecting with each other and intensive mixing with the compost mass by rotating the blades 5 at a speed of 5. - 100.

During the injection of manure 11 of mass and supply of compressed air into the stirred mixture, shaft 6 together with carriage 4 moves in the transverse direction, and along rails 2 moves along tank 1. Thus, shaft 6, continuously rotates, moves in a zigzag manner, ensuring uniform mixing of the main initial mass components with injected liquid or semi-liquid manure, dispersed by compressed air bubbles, which ensures intensive mixture aration.

After shaft 6 of the main composts is completely mixed, the mixture remains in the tank 1 for 60-100 hours, as a result of which completely fermented composts are obtained and at this time compressed air is continuously pumped into the tank through the perforated plate 12. also provides aeration of the mixture.

After the fermentation process is completed, the screws 21-24 are driven, the conveyor 25, the conveyor 26 and the trolley 27 are moved along the track 2, the screws 21 and 22 collect the top layer of composts and direct them to the screws 23 and 24 which serve the collected compost conveyor 25, and the latter to the conveyor 26. After removing the top layer of compost 10–20 cm thick from tank 1, the device for unloading the compost is removed from tank 1 and the device is brought to it on cart 4

five

WITH

to feed the organic waste. Waste through perforations 7 and the edges of the tape 20 are injected into the remaining mass in tank I with compressed air through openings 14 of chamber 13. Fresh organic waste is mixed with the remaining composites and used to produce the following portions of fermented composts a

Preventing organic waste from joints between the turns of elastic tape 20 is prevented by the elastic deformation of the latter by squeezing the sediment after the organic waste has been stopped, i.e. self-regeneration. HcKJD04eHHe blocking the compost of the joint between the cuff 18 and the blade 5 when the air supply to the chamber 13 is stopped is achieved by the elasticity of the cuff 18 pressed against the plane of the blade 5.

Claims (4)

1. Installation for preparation of composts, containing an open-top container with installed in it with the possibility of longitudinal and transverse movement by a mixing working body, which is made in the form of spiral blades fixed on a hollow perforated shaft, communicated with a source of organic waste, organic waste, a device for unloading compost, that is, so that, in order to increase processing efficiency, as well as operational reliability, the installation is equipped with An additional aeration agent, which is made in the form of a perforated chamber with a protective casing, is fixed on the edges of the blades of the working body, as well as a device to prevent the sediment from clogging up the shaft neixliopation, which is fixed to one of its edges on the shaft with the possibility of hype and its perforation. five 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the lashitic casing of the additional means diya is made in the form of an elastic cuff, which is mounted on the blades of the working body with possibly covered perforated chamber. 3. Installation on PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that the elastic tape is mounted on a perforated shaft with a winding direction that coincides with the winding direction of the spiral blades, while the free edges of the elastic tape Compiled by N. Lazarev Editor N. Kishtulinets Tekhred L. Oliynyk Proofreader S. Cherni Order 2885 Circulation 385 VNDAI of the Judicial Committee on Inventions and Discoveries at the State Committee on Science and Technology 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab. 4 / b installed with the possibility of overlapping attached to the shaft of the edge of its adjacent coil. 4. Installation of PP, 1 - 3, characterized in that the edges of the elastic cuff are mounted on the blades of the working body by means of point fasteners. ABOUT f / 1 Sniyx Fy Subscription