SU1588734A1 - Initial composition for making lightweight concrete - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the production of building materials. The purpose of the invention is to increase the strength, frost resistance, the coefficient of structural quality and reduce the coefficient of thermal conductivity. Raw mix contains, wt%: Portland cement 12.0-20.0

slag-and-crumble rubble 47- 52.0

waste refractory production 8.0-13.0

power plant ash 5.0-9.0

wood saponified resin 0,035-0,45

metallurgical waste 1.0-3.0

water - the rest. The use of this mixture can reduce the consumption of Portland cement by 20-25% and increase the coefficient of constructive quality by 1.5-1.9 times. 2 tab.

Description

The invention relates to construction materials, in particular, to the production of lightweight concrete, and can be used for the manufacture of protective structures in civil, industrial, energy, agricultural and other types of construction.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the strength, frost resistance, the coefficient of structural quality and reduce the coefficient of thermal conductivity of concrete.

To grind syringes of mixtures, according to traditional technology, concretes with different content of ingredients are prepared. Concrete: e mixtures are prepared by mixing the components in a laboratory concrete mixer with a capacity of 30 liters. In the proposed concrete mix using slag-and-crumble crushed stone of a fraction of 5-20 mm bulk density

 600-650 kg / m, ash ash Hydraulic Ash (GZU) natural density p. 600-700 kg / m, waste metallurgy; light lime, a lightweight product from the processing of lightweight waste in the manufacture of refractory products and a pore-forming agent (LMS). At the same time, the ratio of mezkds by fine aggregate and microfiller (light weight: ash GZU) is 2: 1 (by volume).

Inclusion of lime waste additives and lightweight waste mixtures with fine ash HZU ashes into the porous pshakopem-concrete mix provides for an optimal fraction of the composition.

Thus, the proposed composition of the components gives concrete new properties.

For - experimental verification of the proposed composition of the concrete mix

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Nine mixtures of ingredients were prepared, three of which showed optimal results.

Example. In the Donetsk Industrial Construction Project, comparative tests of lightweight concrete mixtures were carried out. Raw materials were used; Portland cement 400 of the Amvrosiyevsky cement plant meets the requirements of GOST 10178-765 coarse aggregate - psha-kopemzimy crushed stone fraction 5-20 mm

Zhdanovsky Azovstal plant with a bulk density of 600-650 kg / m, strength under pressure in the cylinder 6s.ts 1538-1.52 MPa, complying with the requirements of GOST 9760-83; expanded clay gravel fraction of 5-20 mm Kerch building materials plant bulk

a density of 550-610 kg / m, strength when compressed in a cylinder, sdc MPa, corresponding to the requirements of GOST 9759-83; fine aggregate - light weight (waste from the production of lightweight refractory products) fraction of less than 5 mm bulk dense-. you oj 380-400 kg / mz.

Lightweight refractory products on.

The Konstantinovsky Krasny Oktyabr factory is made of the following components: onene-resistant clay of the Chasov-Yarskoye field 40 or DN-0 80% | chamotte Scrap or chamotte dust from bag filters 20%, wood sawdust 5% (over 100%).

The slip is prepared in mixers, to which a foaming solution (rosin type KM) is supplied. Molded products after drying are subjected to firing. After firing, the product is cut and sorted.

Scraps and crushed lightweight go to waste, the annual output of which is more than 100 thousand meters.

In this case, it is also possible the deterioration of some properties: deterioration of the workability of the concrete mix due to the possibility of its separation, reduction of strength, frost resistance and 5 other operational characteristics of concrete,

. As follows from the data given in Table 1, the proposed raw material mixture for the production of light concrete. In addition, silica components — ash of hydrosoliding (GZU) of the Kurakhovskaya GRES with a bulk density of 600-700 kg / m i — active additive — waste metallurgical 50n allows to significantly increase the lime of the Zhtsanovsky Azovstal plant; strength and heat-shielding indices; Additive yield 70.0 thousand tons per year and chemical composition,%: CaO 60.7; MgO 19.5; 3iOj S 0.885; ppt 13.55, organic additive (VVD) - a pore-forming medium,

VOD (wood-saponified resin-Use in the proposed son) - the product obtained by impregnating the wood pitch with alkali is produced

whether lightweight concrete, as well as resistance to destructive processes under the operational impact of external aggregate mixture of production waste, allows to increase the strength of concrete

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Vetluga wood chemical plant and is regulated by TU-81-05-2-78,

... Spread mixtures were prepared with different content of ingredients in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 3.09.01-85. The components of the lightweight concrete mixture were metered and loaded into a laboratory concrete mixer with a capacity of 30 liters. After thoroughly mixing the ingredients, light concrete samples of 10x10x10 cm were molded from the obtained light-weight concrete mixtures. The concrete mixture was compacted on a laboratory vibrating table with a frequency fluctuations of 3 and frequency 2800 count / min

The molded samples were subjected to heat treatment in a laboratory steaming chamber according to the mode: 3 + 6 + 3 h at 90 ° С. Then the samples were subjected to testing according to GOST 10180-78 and GOST 25820--83.

The compositions of light concrete mixtures and the physicotechnical properties of porous concrete are given in Table. one,

From the data in Table 1, one can see that when using the initial components in the concrete mix offered in quantities smaller than their minimum values, the physical and mechanical properties of the concrete deteriorate: its frost resistance and strength shrink.

The use of these same components but in quantities that are large. maximum values, it is impractical because it does not lead to further improvement in the performance of the concrete mix and concrete based on it.

In this case, it is also possible the deterioration of some properties: deterioration of the workability of the concrete mix due to the possibility of its separation, reduction of strength, frost resistance and 5 other operational characteristics of concrete,

. As follows from the data given in Table 1, the proposed raw material mixture for the production of lightweight concrete 50 can significantly increase the strength and heat-shielding characteristics and it can significantly increase the strength and heat-shielding characteristics.

whether light concretes, as well as resistance to destructive processes under the operational impact of external agglomeration;

1.1-1.84 times, or while maintaining a given brand of concrete to produce concrete of equal strength, the consumption of deficient port of cement decreases by 20-25%. In addition, the structural quality index (KKK) increases by 1.5- 1.9 times.

The implementation of the proposed raw material mixture makes it possible to replace part of the deficient cement with industrial waste, thereby significantly expanding the raw material base through the use of waste in the national economy.

Due to the use of secondary resources, the environmental problem is solved, the cost of products is reduced, which allows to obtain a high technical and economic effect (see Table 2).

The use of the invention allows to increase the strength of concrete by 1.1-1.84 times, the index of constructive quality (K.K.K.) by 1.5-1.9 times.

In order to obtain equal strength concrete, cement consumption is reduced by 20-25%, and also the heat and sound protection characteristics of the concrete proposed are improved. In addition, a reduction in energy and economic costs is achieved due to the lack of development of quarries, as well as energy-intensive processes for the preparation of raw materials: drying and firing of the material for its porisation in rotary kilns.

Although claydite requires a considerable amount of fuel for its production (103 kg of equivalent fuel per 1 m), it is the main large aggregate. It is launched in more than 400 factories.

The use of porous sands as aggregates of lightweight concrete for external panels provides their thermal protection O11e by 15–20%, Pro-

The mouse puff of porous sands with a density of 200-400 kg / m needs to be significantly increased.

At the same time, industrial waste can serve as an effective source product for obtaining porous aggregates, which helps to protect the environment, reduce fuel and energy costs for the manufacture of aggregates and building maintenance, release vehicles and reduce traffic through the use of local materials, which in turn leads to Sgpzhzheniyu construction costs.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula Raw mix for the production of lightweight concrete, including Portland cement, coarse and fine paprika, ashes of power plants, sizzling additive and water, characterized in that, in order to increase the strength-. It also contains frost resistance, frost resistance, a constructive quality factor and a decrease in the heat conductivity coefficient; it contains psh-accumulase crushed stone as a filling agent; fine aggregate — waste refractory production; May.%: Portland cement 12.0 - 20.0 Slag earth crushed stone 47.0 - 52.0 Refractory waste production Power plant ash Wood resin saponified Metallurgical Lime Waste Vrda 8.0 - 13.0 5.0 - 9.0 0.035 - 0.045 1.0 - 3.0 Else 158873410 table 2 Portlavdcement Shlakov pumice stone Lightweight Ash GZU Metallurgical waste the lime FROM TO Expanded clay gravel Clay sand Lime Gypsum Alkyl sulfate Total 20.8 11.73