SU1587021A1 - Installation for anaerobic treating of waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to biotechnology and can be used for treating waste, in particular manure, on livestock farms and complexes. The purpose of the invention is to intensify the fermentation process by reducing the time of technological exposure, reducing the reaction volume, increasing the biogas yield and fertilizing value of the treated waste. The plant contains waste preheaters, a heated waste fermenter and is equipped with first and second centrifuges, a quenching reactor, an absorber and gas holders for collecting biogas, the preheater coil and the fermenter jacket connected to the centrifuge second stage centrifuge pipeline, a biogas gas tank from the fermenter through a compressor and a supercharger pipe connected to a quenching reactor, connected to a tank for lime, and an absorber connected to a recycling pipeline of the centrifuge and equipped with ammonia water pipelines and to ntsentrirovannogo biogas. 1 il.

Description

The invention relates to biotechnology and can be used for waste treatment, in particular for processing manure on livestock farms and complexes.

The purpose of the invention is to intensify the anaerobic treatment process by reducing the processing time, reducing the reaction volume, biogas yield and fertilizing value of the treated waste ..

The drawing shows the technological scheme of the installation ..

The installation contains a waste collection 1 with a submersible pump 2 connected through a waste supply pipe 3 to a trap 4 equipped with washing water line 5, a preheater 6 with a coil heat exchanger 7 connected to the second stage centrifuge 9 pipe inlet 8 and the pipe 10 of the recycling of the centrifuge absorber II, equipped with nozzles of the input of compressed purified biogas 1 2 and the output of the concentrated gas biogas 13 and the pipe 14 of ammonia water, an additional heater 15 installed after heating evatel 6, to conduit 16 of heated waste and with the coil tep. A pre-exchanger 17 connected by an inlet with a pipeline 18 of hot water, and an outlet with a pipeline 1 9 of cooled water.

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Optional heater 1 5 persons. RRZ pipeline 16 heated waste fusedin with a nozzle 20 input waste fermenter 21, equipped with a jacket 212, a stirrer 23, nozzles from the bypass 24 and biogas 25, and the fermentation tank 21 is connected with 1 | centrifuge 9 fugate 9 second stage.

Fermenter 21 through pipe 24 you 26

fda connected to the tank 1 сбора of collecting the fermented mass, the centrifuge 27 of the first stage, the tank (; Tüy 28 for collecting the centrifuge and pump J5 29 of the first stage, and through the pipeline 30 of the centrate of the first stage with a rechargeable absorber 31 with a capacity of 32 D lime, supplied with biogas ayp 33 and reed of the cleaned jQ Iogaz 34 and disinfected fougat pipeline 35, connected to a capacity of 36 for the disinfected fgate C by a centrifuge 9 of the second stage. Fer- Nenther 21 through the branch pipe 25 of biogas 25. connected to a gas tank 37, which through the compressor 38 with a pipe The injection pipeline 39 is connected to a Yatrue 33 input of biogas reactor-extinguisher 31.30

The nozzle 34 of the output of the purified biogas through the compressor 40 of the purified biogas and the injection pipeline 41 of the purified biogas is connected to the nozzle 12 of the inlet of compressed purified biogas absorber 11, which by the nozzle 13 of the concentrated biogas is connected to the gas tank 43 of the concentrated biogas.

The installation works as follows. about-

at once.

Raw materials, such as manure, are reduced in such an amount of water that provides a dry matter content of 6-10% in liquid manure, and is fed to collection 1 of waste. The substrate obtained is transferred by the submersible pump 2 through the waste supply pipeline 3 through the trap 4 to the heater 6, and then to the additional heater G5. The trap is periodically washed with a purified centrate and the effluent through the pipeline 5 of industrial water is fed to collection 1 of waste. Heater 6 and up to 587,021.

A second stage centrifuge fentrifuge 9 with a pump is fed with a hot centrifuge after a second stage centrifuge 9 with a temperature of 60 ° C, and additional heating system 17 is supplied with heat from the heating plant through the hot water pipeline 18. Saving biogas for heating the heat carrier due to the use of secondary heat from the centrifuge in additional heater 17 is 50.

In the preheater 6 is carried out on 10

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The additional heater 15 is equipped with agitators (not shown) and coil heat exchangers 7 and 17, and in the coil 7 heater 6

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reheating, and in the additional heater 17 - keeping the raw material at methanogenesis temperature (55 C) for 8-10 hours. Prepared in this way, the substrate through the pipeline 16 heated waste is fed to the fermenter 21 having waste nozzles 20, waste 24 and biogas 25. The fermenter is equipped with a stirrer 23 and a cutter 22 for heating the apparatus and maintaining the optimum fermentation temperature (55 ° C). In serpentine shirts. 22, the second stage centrifuge pipeline 8 supplies the hot centrate after the second stage centrifuge 9. Due to the effective preparation of the raw materials in the preheaters 7 and 17, the time of fermentation of the raw materials in the fermenter is reduced to 7-8 days (versus 20-50 days by a known method). At the same time, the image of biogas in the gas, 1 hour with a methane content of 60-70%, which enters the gas tank 37. The fermented mass through the nozzle 24 of the waste waste is fed into the tank to collect otfermenirovannogo mass 26. From the tank 26 biomass in certain portions periodically served on. The centrifuge 27 of the first stage for separating 5 from there the dewatered sludge (sludge) is fed to the vehicle for withdrawal, and the centrate is fed from the tank 28 for collecting the centrate and the pump 29 of the first stage passes through the pipeline 30 of the centrate of the first stage to the reactor-quencher 31.

The quencher reactor is designed to further disinfect the fugate, as well as to clean carbon dioxide from bogas. It is a colonnaded apparatus equipped with large-diameter plates, and it is its own branch pipe 33 for biogas input for CO-g cleaning. -, and the nozzle 34 of the output of the purified bis-gas, and also the so-called pipeline 35 of the disinfected fugatao Lime from the tank 32 with the dosing unit and the centrate of centrifugal steel 71

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reheating, and in the additional heater 17 - keeping the raw material at methanogenesis temperature (55 C) for 8-10 hours. Prepared in this way, the substrate through the pipeline 16 heated waste is fed to the fermenter 21 having waste nozzles 20, waste 24 and biogas 25. The fermenter is equipped with a stirrer 23 and a cutter 22 for heating the apparatus and maintaining the optimum fermentation temperature (55 ° C). In serpentine shirts. 22, the second stage centrifuge pipeline 8 supplies the hot centrate after the second stage centrifuge 9. Due to the effective preparation of the raw materials in the preheaters 7 and 17, the time of fermentation of the raw materials in the fermenter is reduced to 7-8 days (versus 20-50 days by a known method). At the same time, the image of biogas in the gas, 1 hour with a methane content of 60-70%, which enters the gas tank 37. The fermented mass through the nozzle 24 of the waste waste is fed into the tank to collect otfermenirovannogo mass 26. From the tank 26 biomass in certain portions periodically served on. The centrifuge 27 of the first stage for separating 5 from there the dewatered sludge (sludge) is fed to the vehicle for withdrawal, and the centrate is fed from the tank 28 for collecting the centrate and the pump 29 of the first stage passes through the pipeline 30 of the centrate of the first stage to the reactor-quencher 31.

The quencher reactor is designed to further disinfect the fugate, as well as to clean carbon dioxide from bogas. It is a colonnaded apparatus equipped with large-diameter plates, and it is its own branch pipe 33 for biogas input for CO-g cleaning. -, and the nozzle 34 of the output of the purified bis-gas, and also the so-called pipeline 35 of the disinfected fugatao Lime from the tank 32 with the dosing unit and the centrate of centrifugal steel 71

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In the apparatus, the flow is carried out in a mass ratio of lime: fugate 1-20: 25, the interaction of the streams with the formation of hydrated: lime occurs on the contact elements - hole-type plates. With this, the temperature of the mixture rises to 65-75 ° C and the pathogenic microorganisms that retain their viability during fermentation are chickpeas. In this way, guaranteed disinfection of the centrifuge is achieved. At the same time, the compressor 38 from the gas tank 37 is supplied with biogas through the pipeline, 39 forcing it through the biogas feed inlet 33, which rises countercurrently to the centrate. When these streams interact on contact elements, carbon dioxide is absorbed by slaked lime, the concentration of methane in biogas rises to 90%.

When treating a fungate with slaked lime in a quenching reactor 3, the liquid is rapidly clarified, the black color and unpleasant odor disappear, while the easily filtered hydroxides, carbonates, phosphates, calcium and iron nitrates, sand, are precipitated. The decontaminated centrifuge is withdrawn from the bottom of the reactor, i extinguisher, and through conduit 25 of the decontaminated centrate enters the tank 36, and then goes to the second stage centrifuge 9, where the solid phase (slurry) with a humidity of 40-50% is determined, and the fugate is The pipeline 8 of the second stage fugate is fed to the coil heat exchanger of the preheater 6. Separated in a centrifuge, 9 sludge contains up to 10 kg / ton of bound nitrogen, up to 15 kg / ton of bound phosphorus (), up to 3 kg / ton of bound potassium (in in terms of K, 0); 20 kg / t CaCOj, as well as iron impurities, sand, and can be used as phosphorus-nitrogen fertilizer with improver properties.

Biogas from the carrier reactor 31 of the bulkiness, cooled in the preheater to 25–30 ° C, with biogas and chemisorption of ammonia, as well as carbon dioxide of the gas stream. A 95% concentration of methane enriched with biogas directs through pipeline 42 concentrated biogas to a gas tank 43, from where it is directed to the consumer.

The centrifuge fed to the absorber II circulates through the recycling pipeline of the centrifuge, a closed loop for the production of ammonia water, which is periodically removed from the circuit through the pipeline 14 of ammonia water and is used as fertilizer.

Thus, the proposed plant allows reducing the time spent on processing in the fermenter for 7–8 days, increasing the biogas yield and fertilizing value of the treated waste, and in addition, it takes place before cleaning the clarified effluent.

Claims (1)

25 claims An anaerobic waste treatment plant containing a waste collector, a coil heater. a mannikin, a fermenter with nozzles for entering waste from an extract of waste and biogas, a jacket and a mixing device, a gasholder, a tank for lime, which, in order to intensify the process of anaerobic treatment by reducing the time of technological exposure, reducing the reaction volume, Biogas output, increasing the fertilizer value of the treated waste, it is equipped with an additional preheater, installed after the reheater and connected through the pipeline of heated waste to the nozzle yes waste fermenter reaktorom- absorber with pipes biogas input and output and the cleaned biogas pipeline of supernatant decontaminated, d soe- Inonii with the container for lime ab 30 35 40 45 The pressor 40 of the purified biogas is supplied with a pipe sorber sorbers, supplied with pipes, to the compressing pipeline 41 for pumping the purified biogas to a plate absorber 11 for removing ammonia impurities. The absorber is equipped with nozzles for introducing compressed purified biog for 12 and for the output of concentrated biogas 13, as well as a pipeline 10 for recycling the fugate. The absorbed liquid interacts on the absorber plates. addition of purified biogas and condensed biogas and ammonia water and fugate recycling, centrifuges of the first and second 55 stages with centrifuges, the first stage centrifuge is connected to the reactor-quencher, the heater with coil heat exchange5 d bones cooled in the preheater 6 up to 25-30 ° C, with biogas and ammonia chemisorption, and carbon dioxide from the gas stream. Enriched biogas with a methane concentration of 95% is directed through a pipeline 42 of concentrated biogas to a gas tank 43, from where it is sent to the consumer. The centrate fed to the absorber II circulates through the centrifuge recycling conduit 10, a closed loop until ammonia water is obtained, which is periodically withdrawn from the circuit via the ammonia conduit conduit 14 and is used as fertilizer. Thus, the proposed plant allows reducing the time of the technological output in the fermenter to 7-8 days, increasing the yield of biogas and the fertilizing value of the treated waste, and in addition, there is an additional purification of clarified effluents. 25 claims An anaerobic waste treatment plant containing a waste collector, a heater with a coil heat exchanger, a fermenter with nozzles for waste disposal and waste biogas, a jacket and a mixing device, a gas tank, a container for lime, which is different for the purpose of intensification the anaerobic treatment process by reducing the time of technological exposure, reducing the reaction volume, increasing the biogas yield, increasing the fertilizing value of the treated waste, it is equipped with additional heating The heater installed after the preheater and connected through the pipeline of heated waste to the ferruter waste input pipe, the reactor-extinguisher with biogas input pipes and the output of the purified biogas and decontaminated fugate pipe conductor, which is identical to the lime tank, a sorber equipped with compressed purified biogas and condensed biogas nozzles and ammonia water pipelines and recycling of centrifuges, centrifuges of the first and second 55 stages with the centrifuge lines, the centrifuge of the first stage connected to the reactor-extinguisher, the heater with coils, and the heaters with coils, through the centrifuges of the first stage of the centrifuges, connected to the reactor-extinguisher, the heater with coils, and the heat exchanger coils, and the preheater centrifuges, connected to the reactor-extinguisher; The entrance is connected to the pipeline — the second stage centrifuge, and the second stage gas centrifuge, and you are equipped with a compressor with a pipe — a pipe with a receiver a discharge line through which he JyraTa absorber, the fermenter shirt. Is connected to the biogas inlet 1 {also connected to the fugue-reactor-quencher pipeline. , iBpl-et iFfpf -LJl J I jf ifl KmatpfSvn