SU1576447A1 - Arrangement for caving bridges of material in hopper - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to air pulse devices to facilitate material unloading in bins. The aim of the invention is to intensify the material's collapse and to reduce the consumption of compressed air. A device for collapsing material in bunkers contains a compressed air tank 1 with an outlet nozzle 2, a pneumatic cylinder 3 located in the tank, on the rod 6 of which there is a valve 7 for closing the nozzle 2 and a valve 8 for closing the holes 9 in the bottom 10 of the pneumatic cylinder. A pneumatic system 11 with a valve 12 serves for supplying compressed air. Outside the tank 1 is a hydraulic cylinder 13, the piston 14 of which is connected to the rod 6 of the pneumatic cylinder, and a cylindrical insert 15 with windows 16 for connecting the hydraulic cylinder 13 to the pneumatic cylinder 3. The hydraulic cylinder 13 contains a bypass system 17 with a throttle 18, and its piston 14 is provided with a check valve 21. The choke 18 serves to regulate the period between the pulses of compressed air from the outlet nozzle 2. 2 Il.

Description

22 Rig. one

The invention relates to means for unloading materials from bunkers, and can be used in the food, chemical, construction, mining and other industries of the national economy.

The purpose of the invention is to intensify the free fall of the material and reduce the consumption of compressed air.

Supplying a crawler device with a hydraulic cylinder placed outside the compressed air tank, the piston of which is connected to the hydraulic cylinder pneumatic cylinder rod, and a cylindrical insert with windows for connecting the hydraulic cylinder body to the bottom of the pneumatic cylinder, as well as supplying the hydraulic cylinder with a bypass system with a throttle to connect its pneumatic cylinder depending on the properties of the material being unloaded, regulates the mode of returning the device to its original state and the frequency of batyvani pnevmoimpul- waist device.

FIG. I shows a schematic diagram of the device for the collapse of the ma-. rial in bunkers with the position of its elements during the period of filling with compressed air; in fig. 2 - the same, in the period of release of compressed air.

A device for collapsing material in bunkers contains a compressed air tank 1 with an outlet nozzle 2, a pneumatic cylinder 3 with a spring-loaded spring 4 piston 5 located in the tank 1, a valve 7 for closing the outlet nozzle 2, and a valve 8 for closing the holes 9 in the bottom of the 10th pneumatic cylinder. For supplying compressed air to the pneumatic cylinder 3, a system 11 with a control valve 12 serves. The device is also equipped with a hydraulic cylinder 13 placed outside the container 1, the piston 14 of which is connected to the rod 6 of the pneumatic cylinder, and a cylindrical insert 15 with windows 16 for connecting the cylinder body 13 to the bottom 10 of the pneumatic cylinder 3. The hydraulic cylinder 13 contains a bypass system 17 with a throttle 18 for connecting the piston 19 and the above piston 20 spaces, and the piston 14 is equipped with a check valve 21. The piston 5 of the pneumatic cylinder is also equipped with a check valve 22. apan 7 pneumatic cylinder 3 is mounted on the rod 6 is movable and biased by a spring 23.

A device for the collapse of the material in the bunkers works as follows.

In the initial position (Fig. 1) under the action of the springs 23 and 4, the valves 7 and 8, respectively, overlap the outlet opening of the nozzle 2 and the openings 9 in the bottom 10 of the pneumatic cylinder. At the same time, the air from the pneumatic system through the control valve 12 is supplied to the piston chamber of the pneumatic cylinder 3, and

from it through the channel and check valve 22 into

tank 1 for compressed air.

Gradually, as the device is filled with compressed air, the pressure of the pre-piston cavity and the tank 1 is equalized and the forces acting on the piston 5 are equal. The preload force P ™ springs 4 and the sum of the areas of the openings 9 in the bottom 10 of the pneumatic cylinder are calculated so that when the pressure in the device reaches the nominal order of 0.8-0.9 pH in the system, an equilibrium condition occurs when the value of the spring P p becomes equal in magnitude to the pressure differential acting on valves 7 and 8, i.e.

15

.z-P

 105

0

five

Upon reaching this equality of the forces acting in the system, the valve 8 is pressed from the bottom 10 and through the opened

In the openings 9, the air from the pneumatic cylinder 3 rushes into the atmosphere, causing a sharp drop in pressure in the chamber of the pneumatic cylinder. Pressing off, the valve 8 carries the rod 6 and the piston 5 away. Since the exhaust valve 7 is movably fixed on the rod, when the rod moves to the hole 9, it retains its fixed position for some time and the compressed air from tank 1 does not go to those until the stem of its end part captures the valve 7.

After the valve 7 has opened, the compressed air from the tank 1 through the outlet 2 comes out with a high energy pulse to the zone of material stuck in the bunker. From opening valve 7 to

5 of the moment of its closure in the system act (not counting resistance) efforts P and P. (Fig. 2). In the process of moving the pneumatic network elements, the check valve 21 provides, with low resistance, sufficiently free movement of the piston 14 in the hydraulic cylinder 13.

After the compressed air is ejected into the zone of the suspended material, the pressure inside the tank 1 and the pneumatic cylinder 3 becomes equal to atmospheric, and under the action of the spring 4, the rod 6 with the pistons 5 and 14 moves towards the outlet nozzle 2. In this case, the fluid through the bypass system 17 flows from podporshnevuyu cavity, providing with the help of drossel 18 preset mode return the system to its original position.

The device is designed so that, in an instant, when the opening of the valve 7 occurs, the inlet of the system 11 in the pneumatic cylinder body is blocked by the piston 5.

0

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A device for collapsing material in bunkers, containing a condensate air tank with an outlet nozzle, a pneumatic cylinder with a spring-loaded piston located in the tank, on the rod of which a valve is installed to shut off the exhaust nozzle, a valve to block openings in the bottom of the pneumatic cylinder and a system to supply compressed air to the pneumatic cylinder control valve, characterized in that, in order to intensify the process of crushing and reduce the consumption of compressed air, it is equipped with a hydrocylide located outside the tank core, which is connected to the piston rod of pneumatic cylinder, and a cylindrical insert with windows for connecting the hydraulic cylinder casing to the bottom of the pneumatic cylinder, wherein the cylinder comprises a bypass system for connecting with choke and nadporshnevogo subpiston space, and its piston is provided with a check valve. 7 236 22 17 18 9g 2