SU1574662A1 - Box electrolyzer - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to non-ferrous metallurgy and can be used in the preparation of metals by electrolysis from aqueous solutions. The purpose of the invention is to increase the yield of a suitable cathode metal. A box electrolyzer consists of a casing, a device for supplying and discharging electrolyte and installed on the on-board and intermediate tires based on insulators, anodes and cathodes. New in the slit electrolyzer is that the side and intermediate tires are made with transverse bearing grooves, the distances between the axial centers of which correspond to the interelectrode distance, and the contact and supporting grooves on the opposite tires are opposed. 4 ill., 1 tab.

Description

This invention relates to non-ferrous metallurgy and can be used in the preparation of metals by electrolysis from aqueous solutions.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the yield of a suitable cathode metal.

Figure 1 shows the electrolyzer, a cross-section; Fig. 2 is a top view of the electrolyzer; Fig. 3 is a view along arrow A in Fig. 2 (anode bus); FIG. 4 is a view along arrow B in FIG. 2 (cathode bus).

The device consists of an electrolyzer housing 1 made, for example, from polymer concrete, an electrolyte supply device 2 (catholyte comb), an electrolyte removal device, (anolyte drain box) 3, 4 anodes with anode rods 5 and cathodes 6 with rods 7 mounted on the side anodic B and cathode 9 and intermediate 10 pgins lying on isolates 11. The side 8.9 and intermediate 10 tires are made with transverse contact grooves 12 for anodes n and 13 grooves for cathodes and transverse g inserts 15 of u ektroizol insulating material such as polyamide. The anode rods 5 at one end are installed in transverse contact grooves 12 of the anodic 8 or intermediate 10 tires, and the other supporting end is installed in the insert 15 on the opposite layers. Cathode rods 7 with one of their contact ends are installed in the contact grooves 13 of the cathode 9 or intermediate 10 tires, i

the other support end is mounted in inserts 15 on opposite tires. In this case, the contact 12 and 13 and t support 14 grooves for the same rod (anode or cathode) on opposite tires are opposed: against each anode contact groove 12 on the opposite tire there is a reference groove 14 with an insert 15 and against each contact groove 13 on the opposite bus there is a support groove 14 with an insert 15. On the same bus contact 12 and 13 and support 14 slots are arranged alternately, if the first groove is contact, then all the odd grooves are contact, and even even - reference, and vice versa, if the first groove is reference, then all even slots - supporting, and even - contact. The side tires 8 and 9 have support grooves 14 on one side only, and intermediate tires 10 have support grooves 14 on two sides, and these grooves are arranged in a checkerboard pattern.

All the grooves on the tires are made in such a way that the distances between the axial centers of the grooves correspond exactly to the interelectrode distance. The interelectrode distance is calculated based on the magnitude of the resistance of the electrolyte to the passage of electric current, the strength of the current on the electrolysis cell tires, the area of the anode and cathode, and for each production is a constant value. Therefore, compliance with the established interelectrode distance, equally between all electrodes in the electrolyzer, ensures a stable mode of the electrolyzer and, accordingly, an increased quality

precipitated metal.

Insulating inserts 15 of polyamide are manufactured by injection molding and are installed in support grooves 14 with a press fit, which ensures that the insulating insert 15 is still in the support groove of the tire.

Diaphragm cells, anodes, cathodes are installed in the electrolyzer thus assembled, and electrolyte is poured. When the required electrolyte level is reached, according to the requirements of the technological process, a voltage is applied to the electrolyzer.

The device works as follows.

0

five

0

five

0

five

Electrical Current from the circuit is fed to the anode side bus 8 and through the anode rod 5 to the anode 4. Through the electrolyte from the anode 4 to the cathode 6 (where metal is deposited). Further from the cathode 6 through the cathode rod 7 to the side cathode bus 9 and into the circuit. If the electrolyzer does not consist of one bath, then the described process is repeated as many times as there are baths in the electrolyzer or how many intermediate tires 10 until it reaches the side cathode bus 9 and does not disconnect the electrical circuit. At the same time, regardless of the connection point of the circuit to the side anode bus 8, the current distribution along the tire length is almost evenly distributed, and the current is also evenly distributed to each rod, since the grooves under the rods 5 are all of the same size and profile (within the manufacturing accuracy) , the rods 5 themselves are of the same size, and the rods 5 are located in the slots 12 along the groove axis, because the support end of the rod 5 is installed in the reference groove 14 of the opposite tire exactly along the axis of the contact groove 12 (the axes of the contact groove 12 and the reference groove 14 coincide dissolved). Consequently, all the rods in the grooves are set the same, the transient resistance of the bus bar is almost the same, and the current density at each electrode is also the same. If we take into account that the interelectrode distance between each neighboring electrodes is the same as in the whole electrolyzer, then, respectively, the current density throughout the electrolyte

The rods will be identical to the way they are, which will ensure an improvement in the quality of the whole metal being deposited (by reducing rejects on individual electrodes). The unloading-loading of the electrodes during the servicing of the electrolyzer does not make any changes in the position of the electrodes relative to each other, nor the rods relative to the tire, which keeps the parameters of the electrolysis process stable during the entire operating time of the electrolyzer and, accordingly, stabilizes the quality precipitated metal. Industrial tests of the prototype device and the proposed device (see table) showed the advantage of the latter: the yield of cathode metal is significantly reduced.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A box electrolyzer for aqueous solutions, comprising a housing, devices for supplying and discharging electrolyte and mounted on side and intermediate tires with anodors and cathodes on insulators, in order to increase The suitable cathode metal, boring and intermediate tires are made with transverse contacts and transverse bearing grooves, the distances between the axial centers of which correspond to the interelectrode distance, and the contact and supporting grooves on opposing tires are located in opposition. The main characteristics of the process of electrofusion draft nickel Note. 71- the electrolyzer has beads and intermediate tires with transverse contact and transverse support grooves made in the form the two upper profiles shown on fng.3,4; 72 - the electrolyzer has onboard and intermediate tires with transverse contact and transverse support gaps, made in the form of two lower profiles, shown in fng.Z and A; 73 and 74 - the prototype cells. The average cathodic and anodic current densities in the proposed device and the prototype device are 260 A / m. U FIG 4 .3 Editor L.Pcholinsk Compiled by D. Krivosheyim Tehred L. Serdyuko va Corrector M. Maksimishinets Order 1759 Circulation 489 VNIIPI State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries at the State Committee on Science and Technology (State Committee for Science and Technology) С (СР 113035, Moscow, Ж-35, 4/5 Raushsk nab. FIG. four Subscription