SU1571285A1 - Axial-piston hydraulic machine with adjustable working space - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydraulic machine building and allows to increase the reliability and durability of an axial-piston hydraulic machine with an adjustable working volume. The housing 1 on the bearings 2 has a shaft 3 with a flange 4. The flange 4 is pivotally connected to the central trunnion 6 and the conical pistons 5. The pistons 5 are placed in the cylindrical holes 8 of the inclined cylinder block 7, on the end surface 9 of which the support plate is placed piston holes 5. The radius of the circle formed by the centers of the holes of the plate 10 is less than the radius of the circle formed by the centers of the holes 8. The diameter of the holes of the plate 10 is not less than the diameter of the holes 8. Reduction of the radial stroke of the center of the spherical pore head n 5 in zones reference when decreasing the angle of inclination of the cylinder block 7, leads to the stabilization of asynchrony of its rotation and its independence of the angle of inclination. 5 il.

Description

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The invention relates to hydraulic engineering, in particular to adjustable axial-piston hydraulic machines, having a connecting rod driving an inclined rotating cylinder block.

The aim of the invention is to increase reliability and durability.

FIG. 1 shows an axial piston hydraulic machine, a longitudinal section; in fig. 2 - the position of the conical piston at the moment of the start of driving at the maximum angle of inclination; in fig. 3 - the same, at the moment of end of the control at the maximum angle of inclination; FIG. 4 - the same, at the moment of driving at the minimum tilt angle of the block; in fig. 5 - the relative location of the holes in the cylinder block and the support plate.

The variable-displacement hydraulic machine contains a drive shaft 3 with a flange 4 mounted in the housing 1 on bearings -2, which is pivotally connected to the conical pistons 5 and the central axle 6. An inclined unit is mounted on the axle 6

cylinders 7, into which cylindrical bores 8 enter taper pistons 5. On the side of the end surface 9 there is a support plate 10 with holes 11 under the pistons 5. The radius g of a circle formed by the centers Opl of the holes 11 of the support plate 10 is smaller than the radius. the circle formed by the centers OTsI. cylindrical holes 8 of the cylinder block 7, and the diameter Dw of the holes 11 of the support plate 10 is not less, i.e. is equal to or may be larger than the diameter C. of the cylindrical bores 8 of the cylinder block 7. The cylinder block 7 rests on the distributor 12 adjacent the spherical surface of rotation 13 to the cover 14. The cylinder block 7 presses against the distributor 12, which in turn to the cover 14 in the non-working state under the action of the force of the springs 15 and in the working state under the influence of the hydraulic pressure. The adjustment of the working volume is provided by sliding the distributor 12 along the surface of rotation 13 of the cover 14 along

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guides 16. The distributor 12 is moved along the spherical surface 13 of the cover 14 by an actuating piston 17 with a finger 18. The conical piston 5 is sealed by piston rings 19 located on the spherical part 20 of the piston 5.

Hydraulic machine in the mode of the motor operates as follows.

Through the distributor 12, the working fluid enters one cylindrical apertures 8 under the pistons 5, from the others goes to the drain. The working fluid axially presses on the pistons 5, which transfer this force to the shaft 3. The pressure energy of the working fluid is converted into mechanical energy of rotation of the shaft 3, and then transmitted through the pistons 5 and the support plate 10 to the cylinder block 7.

The rotation is transmitted from the flange 4 of the shaft 3 to the cylinder block 7 to overcome friction forces between the spherical surface 21 of the cylinder block 7 and the distributor 12 at the maximum inclination angle due to the contact of the spherical part 20 of the piston 5 with the wall 22 of the cylindrical bore 8 and its conical part 23 at the beginning of driving with the wall 22 of the cylindrical bore 8, and at the end of driving with the wall 22 of the cylindrical bore 8 and the wall 24 of the plate 10, at the same time, since at optimal disaxial the middle of the contact arc is conical The second part 23 coincides with the tangent to the circle of rotation of the cylinders Otschk. cylindrical holes 8.

When the angle of the cylinder block 7 decreases, the contact arc moves to the periphery, and at zero degrees all the pistons 5 begin to drive simultaneously. The support plate 10 at the maximum angle of inclination of the cylinder block 7 does not affect the radial stroke of the spherical head 25 of the piston 5, which mates with the flange 4 of the shaft 3, and therefore does not affect the asynchronous nature of the cylinder block 7. When the angle of inclination of the cylinder block 7 decreases, arc moving account

to the periphery of the conical part 23 of the piston 5 begins to contact with the support plate 10, the holes of which are located at a smaller radius from the center,

than cylindrical bores 8, which leads to a decrease in the radial stroke of the spherical head 25 of the piston 5 mating with the flange 4 of the shaft 3. A decrease in the radial stroke of the center of the spherical head 25 in the driving areas when the angle of inclination of the cylinder block 7 decreases and asynchronous rotation and independence stabilize its angle of inclination. Since the asynchrony of the block of cylinders 7 in the whole range of its angles

the slope remains the same, the boundaries of positive and negative asynchrony do not expand, remain at the necessary minimum, which eliminates the resonance guidance, decreases the blows when changing the leading piston cones, increases the durability and reliability of the hydraulic machine. Due to the fact that the asynchrony of the cylinder block 7 does not depend on the angle of its inclination, the phases of distribution of the working fluid through the cylindrical orifices are not disturbed, and the noise level of the hydraulic machine does not decrease as the working volume decreases.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula An axial-piston hydraulic machine with 0 adjustable displacement, containing a flange-mounted shaft mounted on bearings, pivotally connected to a central trunnion and conical pistons placed in cylindrical holes of an inclined cylinder block, on the end surface of which there is a support plate with piston holes, characterized in that, in order to increase reliability and durability, the radius of the circle formed by the Q centers of the orifices of the support plate is made smaller than the radius of the circle, the image cylindrical holes of the cylinder block, and the diameter of the holes of the support plate is not less than the diameter of the cylindrical holes of the cylinder block. 3 Aa 8 20 Aa 1421 fff 17 Fig 1 25 FIG. 2 FiaZ A-A 20 5 S  R //// // L7 // // A 25 4 FIG. five eight