SU1560762A1 - Ship power plant - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention allows to increase the efficiency of the ship power plant with the utilization of the heat of exhaust gases of the main diesel engine (DG). The exhaust gases of the gas generator 20 enter the turbine 19 of the turbocharger (TK) and through the switching valve 27 can enter the utilization gas turbine 21. From both turbines, the exhaust gases flow into the utilization boiler (UC) 8 and there consistently release heat to the steam 10 and economizer 9 sections which are associated with a steam separator 5. The steam obtained in the CC is used in ship consumers 11 (tank heaters and rooms) and in the air conditioning system (SCR), and the condensate from the latter is discharged into the feed tank 12. The first circulating The pump is 13 directs the water from the tank through the oil cooler in the water jacket 15 in the DG and the charge air cooler 18. From the cooler of DG and water flows in the second circulation pump 16 and from it to food-CC through steam separator. Part of this water is transferred through the fuel preheater 4 and the evaporator unit (PS) to the central cooler and to the tank 12. The amount of water to be passed through and its temperature is regulated by thermal valves 25, and the connection of the utilization turbine 21 is produced by the switching valve 27 and the disconnect couplings 22. The exhaust gas can be used in the utilization turbine on modes with low heat consumption by ship consumers and the ability to control the heat consumption of consumers allows to increase the efficiency of the installation. 1 sp.f-ly, 1 Il.

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to ship diesel 25 installations using diesel exhaust gas heat for ship needs.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the ship power plant by reducing heat loss.

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The drawing shows a schematic diagram of the installation.

Kingston 1 outboard water is connected via one of the pipelines to the centrifugal pump 2 and further to the central cooler 3. The fuel preheater 4 is installed in one of the branches of the branched pipeline connecting the central cooler 3 to the steam separator 5 connected through 6 level regulator and central pump 7 with a utilization boiler 8, the steam line of which is made in the form of two sections: economizing 9 and steam 10.

The steam separator is connected through the steam line to the vessel’s consumers 11 steam (tank and room heaters) and the air conditioning system (SCR). Consumer condensate drain 11 enters feed tank 12 and from there to the entrance to the first circulating pump 13, Exit connected via an oil cooler 14 installed in the discharge pipe to the inlet of the water jacket 15 of the main diesel engine .1

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In the section between the oil cooler and the inlet of the water jacket, the pressure pipe of the first circulation pump is connected through one of the bypass pipes to the inlet of the second circulation pump 16, and the inlet pipe of the water jacket is additionally connected to the expansion tank 17. No area between the oil cooler and the first The pump pressure pipe is connected to the inlet of the second circulation pump through the second bypass pipe, in which the charge air cooler 18 is installed.

The gas turbine 19 of the turbocharger is connected by its gas inlet pipe to the exhaust manifold of the main diesel 20. The utilization gas turbine 21 is connected to the same collector with its inlet pipe, which is kinematically connected through the disconnect couplings 22 to the diesel 20 and the auxiliary electric generator 23. The gas path of the recovery boiler 8 is turned on an exhaust gas pipe from the turbine 19 to the main exhaust pipe. The utilization gas turbine is connected to the same steam path with its exhaust pipe. The compressor 24 of the turbocharger is connected to the intake receiver of the diesel 20 through the charge air cooler 18. The output of the second circulation pump. 16 through a temperature-controlled valve 25 is connected with the central cooler 3 and the water bypass channel past the cooler to the feed tank 12. Moreover, a temperature-controlled valve is also installed at the inlet to the bypass channel.

Thus, the pipeline connecting the central cooler with the steam separator between the outlet of the second circulation pump and the central cooler is bypass, it is branched and the evaporator 26 is installed in one of its branches. Transition valve 27 is installed between the exhaust manifold of the main diesel engine and the inlet manifold of the gas utilization turbine.

The installation works as follows.

Kingston water overseas 1 price of fresh water by the cooler 3. Through the expansion tank 17, the fresh water system is replenished

The exhaust gases enter the gas turbine 19 of the turbocharger and then into the utilization boiler. Part of the gas enters the utilization gas turbine 21, whose operation is regulated by valve 27 (with the power of the main diesel engine and more than 50%, the valve is open, with a power less than 50%, the valve is closed and all gases flow into

5 turbocharger).

The system involves the use of thermostats, instrumentation to maintain the required temperatures. Saturated

with a thrusting pump 2 seawater - 20 pairs of steam separator 5 through the steam line

piped into the central cooler 3, through which the cooling fresh water of the diesel engine 20 is pumped through the pump 16, the amount of fresh water entering the central cooler is regulated by thermostatic control valves 25. The rest of the fresh water enters the steam separator 5. Then the central pump 7, water is supplied from the steam separator to the utilization boiler 8, the passage in it is a series of economizer 9 and steam section 10. In the boiler 8, the vaporized steam is generated, which is fed to the heating of the tanks and rooms, as well as to the air conditioning unit, after which the exhaust steam (condensate) enters the feed tank. 12 (or a warm box), from which the first circulation pump 13 supplies water partly to the oil cooler 14 and partly to the charge air cooler 18.

In the oil cooler 14, the water cools the oil. From the oil cooler, the water enters the water jacket of the main diesel engine, and partly along with that part of the water that passes through the cooler 18, is fed by the second circulation pump 16 to the evaporation unit and to the fuel preheater 4, then to the central cooler 3, from which it is discharged into the nutrient tank 12. The amount of fresh water entering the cooler 3 is regulated by a thermostatically controlled valve 25, which, depending on the water level in the steam separator (on the level 6 regulator) and on the water temperature, bypasses

comes to ship consumers 11 for heating tanks, engine rooms and ships, to the air conditioning system. Condensate from all

of these consumers flows into the feed tank T2, which simultaneously receives water from the cooling system of the main diesel engine, having previously given off heat to the fuel preheater 4 and

vacuum evaporative installation 26. If the cooling water temperature does not reach 30 ° C, then the water passes through the central cooler 3.

Water passes through the central cooler only in an emergency case, in case of failure of any of the heat exchangers in the waste heat utilization system. In the normal operation mode and optimal setting, all cooling water is bypassed past the central cooler 3 by means of a thermostatically controlled valve 25.

The presence of a gas utilization turbine, a central cooler, bypass and by-pass pipelines, as well as thermostatic and switching valves, allows for improved utilization of the exhaust heat of the main diesel engine and, thus, increases the efficiency of the installation.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula Ship power plant containing at least one main diesel and ship consumers utilizing its warmth, turbocharger, whose turbine is connected with its gas inlet pipe to the exhaust manifold of a diesel engine, and the compressor is connected via its charge air cooler to its intake receiver, oil cooler, fuel preheater and diesel liquid cooling system equipped with the first circulation pump, the inlet of which is connected to the feed tank and the outlet is connected to the inlet of the diesel engine water through the pressure pipe in which the oil cooler is installed, the second is a circulation pump, the inlet of which is connected to the water outlet shirt, and the output is with a steam separator, a utilization boiler, the gas path of which is included in the exhaust gas main of the turbine compressor turbine, and the steam bath is made in two sections: an economizer, the inlet of which is connected to the water cavity of the steam separator through the third pump, and steam, the output of which is connected through the steam line to the ship’s steam consumers, and an air conditioning system that utilizes the heat of the diesel engine, characterized in that, in order to increase efficiency by reducing losses heat, the plant is additionally equipped with a central cooler, an evaporative plant, a utilization gas turbine, an auxiliary electric generator, thermostatically controlled and switching valves, disconnect couplings, bypass and bypass pipelines and an expansion tank, and the pressure pipe of the first circulation pump in the area between the oil cooler and the water inlet pipe through one of the bypass pipelines connected to the inlet of the second circulation pump, and in the section between the first the pressure pipe and pump and oil cooler are additionally connected to the second pump inlet through another bypass pipe and the charge air cooler installed in the latter, the output of the second circulation pump through the bypass pipe and the thermostatically controlled valve is connected to the central cooler and to the bypass channel past the central cooler to the nutrient tank, the bypass pipeline is made in the form of two branches, in one of which a fuel heater is installed, and in the other - an evaporative unit a, ship consumers and the air conditioning system are connected to the utilization boiler steam line, the latter’s sections are interconnected in series, the outlet of the water jacket is additionally connected to the expansion tank, the utilization gas turbine is connected to the exhaust manifold of the diesel engine through the switching valve, and the exhaust turbine is connected to the gas path of the utilization boiler, i-kinematically through the disconnecting couplings is connected with the main diesel engine and auxiliary electrogene operators.